本文關(guān)鍵詞： 溶劑熱 吸附性能 光催化性能 電化學(xué)性能 磁學(xué)性能　出處：《陜西科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：氧化鐵是一種重要的磁性材料,在吸附、催化、鋰離子電池、傳感器和生物醫(yī)藥等方面具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。然而,隨著研究的深入,發(fā)現(xiàn)單一氧化鐵存在不同程度的缺陷,通過兩種或兩種以上納、微米結(jié)構(gòu)單元的有效組裝可以實現(xiàn)氧化鐵納米材料的優(yōu)異性能以及多元功能。因此,對氧化鐵及其復(fù)合材料的探索具有重要的意義。本論文主要采用溶劑熱法成功的制備了磁性多孔α-Fe2O3納米片,磁性Fe3O4納米材料和磁性石墨烯/Fe3O4納米復(fù)合材料。通過多種分析方法對磁性納米材料的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了表征,并探討了其吸附、光催化、磁性和電化學(xué)性能。其研究內(nèi)容如下:1.采用簡單的溶劑熱法和高溫煅燒法成功地制備出尺寸均一的多孔α-Fe2O3納米片。所制備的α-Fe2O3納米片通過各種分析手段進(jìn)行了表征。結(jié)果顯示:所制備的α-Fe2O3納米片是六方相結(jié)構(gòu),并且表現(xiàn)出多孔片狀結(jié)構(gòu)。所制備的α-Fe2O3納米片對一些染料(例如藏紅T,吡羅紅,亞甲基藍(lán),羅丹明B)進(jìn)行了光催化實驗,結(jié)果表明,在紫外光照射下,多孔α-Fe2O3納米片可以不同程度的降解這些染料,尤其對羅丹明B的降解率達(dá)到100%。此外,多孔α-Fe2O3納米片表現(xiàn)出鐵磁性質(zhì)。2.通過簡單的溶劑熱法成功地制備出Fe3O4納米十二面體。所制備的Fe3O4納米十二面體通過各種分析手段進(jìn)行了表征。結(jié)果表明,PEG-10000通過吸附在特定面可以調(diào)節(jié)晶面的生長速率,并且進(jìn)一步影響Fe3O4納米十二面體的形成。此外,制備的Fe3O4納米十二面體不僅可以有效的降解一些有機(jī)染料(例如藏紅T和剛果紅)而且還具有良好的磁響應(yīng),其在染料溶液中通過外加磁場在短時間實現(xiàn)快速分離。3.采用簡單的溶劑熱法成功地制備出尺寸均勻的Fe3O4納米粒子。結(jié)構(gòu)與尺寸分析表明:所制備的Fe3O4納米粒子為立方相結(jié)構(gòu),平均粒徑30nm,尺寸均一,分散性較好。將Fe3O4納米粒子應(yīng)用于有機(jī)染料(如亞甲基藍(lán)、藏紅T)光催化降解實驗發(fā)現(xiàn),所制備的Fe3O4納米粒子具有優(yōu)異的光催化降解性能,降解率較高,且3次重復(fù)實驗光催化效果接近。此外,制備的Fe3O4納米粒子在室溫下還具有很強(qiáng)的飽和磁化強(qiáng)度,可以實現(xiàn)光催化劑與染料溶液的分離,避免二次污染。4.采用簡單的一步溶劑熱方法成功地制備出石墨烯/Fe3O4(GN/Fe3O4)復(fù)合材料。表征結(jié)果表明,平均尺寸為40nm的Fe3O4納米粒子均勻的分散到石墨烯層上,其有效的避免了石墨烯的團(tuán)聚。通過對某些有機(jī)染料(例如吡羅紅、亞甲基藍(lán)、甲基橙和羅丹明B)進(jìn)行光催化降解實驗,結(jié)果表明,制備的GN/Fe3O4復(fù)合材料在紫外光照射下呈現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的光催化降解活性,對這些染料的降解率都可以達(dá)到90%以上。并且制備的GN/Fe3O4復(fù)合材料對降解染料具有良好的穩(wěn)定性,多次降解染料其降解率僅略微下降。此外,制備的GN/Fe3O4復(fù)合材料具有鐵磁行為,在外加磁場的作用下可以有效的從染料溶液中分離出來,其在催化劑的循環(huán)使用及其減小催化劑的污染方面有潛在的應(yīng)用。5.采用簡單的一步溶劑熱方法成功地制備出石墨烯/Fe3O4(GN/Fe3O4)納米復(fù)合材料,氧化石墨烯還原成石墨烯的過程和Fe3O4納米粒子的生成同時進(jìn)行。所制備的復(fù)合納米材料通過不同的分析技術(shù)進(jìn)行了表征。結(jié)果表明,平均尺寸為30nm的Fe3O4納米粒子密集和均勻的分散到石墨烯層上,其有效的避免了Fe3O4的團(tuán)聚。所制備的GN/Fe3O4納米復(fù)合材料作為鋰離子電池的負(fù)極材料,在電流強(qiáng)度為100m Ag-1時,呈現(xiàn)出較高的充放電比容量,循環(huán)70圈后,放電比容量仍可以達(dá)到1165m Ahg-1,然而單一的Fe3O4納米粒子,其降低到431m Ahg-1。GN/Fe3O4納米復(fù)合材料比單一的Fe3O4納米粒子表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的倍率性能。此外,所制備的GN/Fe3O4復(fù)合材料具有鐵磁行為,在外加磁場的作用下可以有效的從溶液中分離出來。
[Abstract]:Iron oxide is a kind of important magnetic materials in adsorption, catalysis, lithium ion battery, and has broad application prospects of sensors and biomedicine. However, with the deepening of the study, found that single iron oxide defects in different degrees, by two or more than two kinds of nano micron structure, effective assembly unit can achieve excellent the performance of iron oxide nano materials and multiple functions. Therefore, is of great significance to explore the iron oxide and its composite materials. This paper mainly uses the solvothermal method was successfully prepared with magnetic porous alpha -Fe2O3 nanosheets, Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles and magnetic graphene /Fe3O4 nanocomposites. Through a variety of methods on the structure analysis of magnetic nano materials were characterized and investigated the adsorption, photocatalysis, magnetic and electrochemical properties. The research contents are as follows: 1. using a simple solvothermal method and high temperature calcination Burning method successfully prepared porous alpha -Fe2O3 nanosheets with uniform size. The alpha -Fe2O3 nanosheets prepared by various analytical methods were investigated. The results show that the preparation of alpha -Fe2O3 nanosheets prepared is the six phase structure, and exhibits a porous lamellar structure. The preparation of nano -Fe2O3 alpha for some dyes (such as Safranine T, pyronine B, methylene blue, Luo Danming) the photocatalytic experiment, results showed that under UV irradiation, porous alpha -Fe2O3 nanosheets degraded the dye, especially on the degradation rate of 100%. in Luo Danming B, -Fe2O3 nano porous alpha film ferromagnetic properties of.2. by a simple solvothermal method successfully prepared nano Fe3O4 twelve surface. The prepared nano Fe3O4 twelve surface were characterized by various analytical methods. The results showed that PEG-10000 adsorbed on the surface can be regulated by specific crystal plane The growth rate, and further affect the formation of nanometer Fe3O4 twelve surface. In addition, the preparation of nano Fe3O4 twelve surface not only can effectively degrade some organic dyes (such as Safranine T and Congo red) but also has good magnetic response, the externally applied magnetic field in a short time to achieve rapid separation by simple.3. the solvothermal method successfully prepared Fe3O4 nanoparticles with uniform size in the dye solution. The structure and size analysis showed that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles are cubic phase structure, uniform size, average particle size of 30nm, good dispersion of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in organic dyes (such as methylene blue and safranin T) found that the photocatalytic degradation, Fe3O4 nanoparticles have excellent photocatalytic properties, the degradation rate is higher, and 3 repeated experiments close to the photocatalytic effect. In addition, the preparation of Fe3O4 nano particles at room temperature Also has a very strong saturation magnetization, can realize the separation of photocatalyst and dye solution, avoid pollution two.4. using a simple one-step solvothermal method successfully prepared graphene /Fe3O4 (GN/Fe3O4) composite material. The characterization results showed that the average size of Fe3O4 nanoparticles of 40nm uniformly dispersed into graphene layer on the effective avoid the graphene reunion. Based on some organic dyes (e.g. pyronine, methylene blue, methyl orange and Luo Danming B) photocatalytic degradation experiments, the results show that the prepared GN/Fe3O4 composite showed excellent photocatalytic activity under UV irradiation, the degradation of these dyes the rate can reach more than 90%. And the GN/Fe3O4 composite material prepared has good stability on the degradation of dyes, the degradation rate of dye degradation times only slightly decreased. In addition, the GN composite material prepared by /Fe3O4 The material has a ferromagnetic behavior under magnetic field can be effectively separated from the dye solution, the potential application of.5. using a simple one-step solvothermal method successfully prepared graphene /Fe3O4 in the catalyst circulation and reduce the pollution of catalyst (GN/Fe3O4) nano composite oxide graphene reduced to graphene and Fe3O4 nanoparticles simultaneously. The composite nano materials prepared by different analytical techniques were investigated. The results show that the average size of 30nm Fe3O4 nanoparticles densely and uniformly dispersed into the graphene layer, which can effectively avoid the agglomeration of Fe3O4 for GN/Fe3O4. Nano composite materials were used as anode materials for lithium ion batteries, the current intensity is 100m Ag-1, showing a higher discharge capacity, after 70 cycles, the discharge capacity still In order to achieve the 1165m Ahg-1, however, Fe3O4 nanoparticles, the rate performance of 431m Ahg-1.GN/Fe3O4 nanocomposites than single Fe3O4 nanoparticles show excellent. In addition, the GN/Fe3O4 composite material prepared with ferromagnetic behavior under magnetic field can be effectively separated from the solution.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB332;TB383.1

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本文編號：1502880