本文關(guān)鍵詞： 氧化亞銅 復(fù)合粒子 PET 分散性 抗菌性 能熱性能　出處：《浙江理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：無(wú)機(jī)抗菌劑因其耐熱性好、抗菌譜廣、不產(chǎn)生耐藥性、毒性低等優(yōu)點(diǎn)已成為抗菌領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)。Ag離子殺滅和抑制病原體的能力最好，但其化學(xué)性質(zhì)活潑，易變色或在紫外光催化條件下還原成黑色的單質(zhì)銀，不但影響了產(chǎn)品外在質(zhì)量，而且影響了抗菌性能。銅氧化物的抗菌性?xún)H次于銀，但成本低，對(duì)人體毒性小。因此，銅氧化物與聚酯纖維復(fù)合后的抗菌材料已開(kāi)始實(shí)際應(yīng)用。 氧化亞銅，二氧化鈦，氧化鋅等均有抗菌性，而且在紡絲的過(guò)程中二氧化鈦可以改善原絲的性能，二氧化硅能使纖維有更好的可紡性和拉伸性能，含二氧化硅的絲的表面會(huì)出現(xiàn)凹槽，有利于染整工藝。所以與高分子材料復(fù)合可制備出抗菌性良好，價(jià)格便宜的聚酯纖維，有非常廣闊的市場(chǎng)前景。本文首次用氧化亞銅跟二氧化鈦、二氧化硅、氧化鋅等復(fù)合制備無(wú)機(jī)抗菌劑，并以熔融共混的方式添加到聚酯(PET)中，制備復(fù)合抗菌材料。采用改性無(wú)機(jī)納米粒子增強(qiáng)了無(wú)機(jī)粒子與PET的相容性，減小了無(wú)機(jī)粒子對(duì)纖維物理機(jī)械性能的影響。本論文的主要結(jié)論如下： 1.以抗壞血酸為還原劑，五水硫酸銅為銅源，在室溫的條件下，制備氧化亞銅。在制備過(guò)程中按照一定的比例添加二氧化鈦、二氧化硅、氧化鋅制備了無(wú)機(jī)抗菌劑，利用FT-IR、SEM、XRD等手段表征氧化亞銅和納米復(fù)合粒子的形貌和結(jié)構(gòu)。在對(duì)無(wú)機(jī)粒子改性過(guò)程中，篩選出了合適的改性劑c。本實(shí)驗(yàn)還研究了改性劑用量、改性時(shí)間及攪拌速度對(duì)改性效果的影響，得出最佳的實(shí)驗(yàn)條件是改性劑用量為2%，高速機(jī)械攪拌下反應(yīng)2h。 2.按照GB/T21510-2008《納米無(wú)機(jī)材料抗菌性能檢測(cè)方法》附錄A粉末抗菌性能實(shí)驗(yàn)方法，研究了氧化亞銅和復(fù)合粒子對(duì)金黃色葡萄球菌和大腸桿菌的抗菌性。此外，當(dāng)氧化亞銅及復(fù)合粒子的濃度在10μg/ml時(shí)，氧化亞銅對(duì)金黃色葡萄球菌及大腸桿菌的抗菌性略?xún)?yōu)于復(fù)合粒子。 3.采用熔融共混的方法制備了納米粒子改性聚酯的復(fù)合材料。通過(guò)偏光顯微鏡發(fā)現(xiàn)改性后的無(wú)機(jī)粒子在聚酯PET中的分散明顯優(yōu)于未改性的粒子。通過(guò)TGA研究了納米復(fù)合材料的熱降解動(dòng)力學(xué)，聚酯中添加的氧化亞銅、二氧化鈦和二氧化硅等無(wú)機(jī)粒子阻礙了聚酯分子鏈的運(yùn)動(dòng)，提高了其熱穩(wěn)定性。通過(guò)DSC研究了無(wú)機(jī)納米粒子對(duì)PET熱性能的影響，在二次升溫的過(guò)程中無(wú)機(jī)納米粒子的加入，出現(xiàn)了熔融雙峰，Nealy等人認(rèn)為這跟PET聚酯中同時(shí)存在的兩種晶體形態(tài)：伸直鏈晶體和折疊鏈晶體有關(guān)；加入不同量的無(wú)機(jī)粒子時(shí)，復(fù)合材料的Tm基本不變。
[Abstract]:Inorganic antibacterial agent because of its good heat resistance, wide antibacterial spectrum, no resistance, low toxicity and has become a hot research topic in the field of.Ag ion to kill and inhibit the antibacterial ability of the pathogen to the best, but its active chemical properties, easy to change color or black color in the photocatalytic reduction under the condition of elemental silver not only affect the external quality the product, but also affects the antibacterial properties of antibacterial copper oxide. After silver, but the cost is low, low toxicity to the human body. Therefore, the antibacterial material of copper oxide and polyester fiber composite has been applied.
Cuprous oxide, titanium dioxide, Zinc Oxide has antibacterial properties, but also in the spinning process of titanium dioxide to improve the performance of raw silk, silica can make the fiber has better spinnability and tensile properties, the surface of silica containing silk will appear groove, is conducive to the dyeing and finishing process. So the polymer composite can be prepared by antibacterial good, cheap polyester fiber, has a very broad market prospects. This paper first uses the cuprous oxide with titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, Zinc Oxide and other composite preparation of inorganic antibacterial agent, and melt blending mode to add polyester (PET) in the preparation of composite antibacterial materials. The modified inorganic nanoparticles enhanced the compatibility of inorganic particles and PET, reduce the influence of inorganic particles on the mechanical properties of the fiber. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:
1. with ascorbic acid as a reducing agent, five copper sulfate water as copper source, under the condition of room temperature, preparation of cuprous oxide. The silica in the preparation process according to a certain proportion, adding titanium dioxide, Zinc Oxide was prepared using inorganic antibacterial agent, FT-IR, SEM, XRD and other means to characterize the morphology and structure of cuprous oxide and oxygen the nano composite particles. The modified inorganic particles in the process of screening out the suitable modifier C. in the experiment the amount of modifier, modifying time and stirring speed on the modification effect, the optimal experimental condition is the amount of modifier was 2%, high speed mechanical stirring reaction 2h.
According to the 2. GB/T21510-2008< nano inorganic materials antibacterial testing methods > appendix A performance performance test method of antibacterial powder, the antibacterial property of cuprous oxide and composite particles on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In addition, when the concentration of cuprous oxide and composite particles in 10 g/ml, Cu2O on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli antimicrobial slightly better than the composite particles.
3. using the melt blending method system nanoparticles modified polyester composites were prepared by polarizing microscope. That dispersion is obviously better than that of modified inorganic particles when polyester PET in unmodified particles were investigated by TGA. The thermal degradation kinetics of nano composite materials, polyester added cuprous oxide, titanium dioxide and inorganic silica etc. the polyester particles impede the movement of molecular chain to improve its thermal stability by DSC. The effects of inorganic nanoparticles on the thermal performance of PET, adding inorganic nanoparticles in the process of two heating up, the melting of the Shuangfeng, Nealy et al. Think that with two kinds of crystal morphology of PET exist in the polyester: extended chain crystal and the chain folded crystal; adding inorganic particles of different composite materials, the Tm is basically the same.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TQ340.1;TB33

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