本文關(guān)鍵詞： UHMWPE纖維 表面改性 橡膠基復(fù)合材料 力學(xué)性能　出處：《寧波大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文采用液相氧化工藝對(duì)超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纖維進(jìn)行表面處理,選用溶液晶體生長(zhǎng)工藝制備一種新型類竹節(jié)狀UHMWPE纖維復(fù)合增強(qiáng)體。將原始纖維、表面改性纖維及類竹節(jié)狀UHMWPE纖維分別添加到天然橡膠中制備短切UHMWPE纖維/橡膠復(fù)合材料并考察材料性能。本論文所做工作如下:(1)UHMWPE纖維表面氧化改性。選用鉻酸溶液、高錳酸鉀溶液分別對(duì)UHMWPE纖維進(jìn)行表面改性處理,考察氧化劑種類、工藝參數(shù)對(duì)纖維表面化學(xué)、表面結(jié)構(gòu)及性能的影響。使用紅外光譜(FTIR)和X射線光電子能譜(XPS)表征纖維表面含氧官能團(tuán)的種類和數(shù)量,使用掃描電鏡(SEM)和萬能拉伸試驗(yàn)機(jī)(MTS)表征纖維表面形貌和力學(xué)強(qiáng)度,使用接觸角測(cè)量?jī)x表征纖維表面的潤(rùn)濕性。結(jié)果表明:(a)鉻酸氧化改性最佳工藝條件為:將重鉻酸鉀、水及濃硫酸按照質(zhì)量比為7:12:150配置溶液,35℃下氧化5min;(b)高錳酸鉀氧化改性最佳工藝條件為:將高錳酸鉀、濃硝酸按照質(zhì)量比為1:30配置溶液,室溫下氧化1min;(c)與高錳酸鉀氧化改性工藝相比,鉻酸氧化改性工藝的改性效果更好,對(duì)纖維自身的力學(xué)損耗更小。(2)類竹節(jié)狀UHMWPE纖維復(fù)合增強(qiáng)體的制備。以對(duì)二甲苯為溶劑,利用聚合物間熔點(diǎn)的差異,采用溶液晶體生長(zhǎng)技術(shù)制備類竹節(jié)狀UHMWPE纖維復(fù)合增強(qiáng)體。使用SEM觀察UHMWPE纖維復(fù)合增強(qiáng)體的表面形貌、分布、疏密程度、尺寸等,確定最佳溶液晶體生長(zhǎng)工藝條件。結(jié)果表明:鉻酸溶液(重鉻酸鉀、水及濃硫酸質(zhì)量比為7:12:150)中35℃下氧化5min后的樣品在91℃下結(jié)晶20h效果最佳。(3)復(fù)合材料的制備及性能研究。將原始纖維、液相氧化改性后的纖維及溶液晶體生長(zhǎng)后的纖維加入到天然橡膠基體中,研究表面改性方式、纖維含量對(duì)UHMWPE纖維/橡膠復(fù)合材料性能的影響。使用SEM、動(dòng)態(tài)力學(xué)分析儀(DMA)、MTS分別表征復(fù)合材料界面和斷口形貌、纖維與橡膠基體的粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度、復(fù)合材料拉伸強(qiáng)度及撕裂強(qiáng)度。結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)纖維添加份數(shù)相同時(shí),鉻酸溶液處理后UHMWPE纖維/橡膠復(fù)合材料的拉伸強(qiáng)度、撕裂強(qiáng)度、硬度最佳;當(dāng)添加纖維類別相同時(shí),隨著纖維添加份數(shù)的增加,UHMWPE纖維/橡膠復(fù)合材料的硬度不斷增大、撕裂強(qiáng)度先增大后減小。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the surface of UHMWPE fiber was treated by liquid phase oxidation process. A new bamboo-like UHMWPE fiber composite reinforcements were prepared by solution crystal growth process. Surface modified fiber and bamboo-like UHMWPE fiber were added to natural rubber to prepare short cut UHMWPE fiber / rubber composite and their properties were investigated. Surface oxidation modification of UHMWPE fiber. Chromic acid solution is used. The surface of UHMWPE fiber was modified by potassium permanganate solution, and the kinds of oxidant and process parameters on the surface chemistry of the fiber were investigated. Effects of surface structure and properties. The types and number of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of the fibers were characterized by FTIR and XPSs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and universal tensile testing machine (MTS) were used to characterize the surface morphology and mechanical strength of the fibers. The wettability of fiber surface was measured by using contact angle. The results showed that the optimum process conditions for oxidation modification of potassium dichromate were as follows: potassium dichromate was modified by potassium dichromate. Water and concentrated sulfuric acid were oxidized at 35 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1486568