本文關(guān)鍵詞： 銀納米顆粒 白腐真菌 Cd(Ⅱ) 生物去除 促進(jìn)作用 遷移 轉(zhuǎn)化　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著越來越多的銀納米材料廣泛應(yīng)用于臨床醫(yī)療、陶瓷材料、環(huán)保涂料、水質(zhì)凈化、紡織及生活日用品等各個方面,使得銀納米材料在生產(chǎn)、加工、使用以及廢棄的過程中不可避免地釋放到水體環(huán)境中。銀納米材料作為一種新的環(huán)境污染物,不僅會對水體中的生物造成影響,而且還可能影響到水體中其他環(huán)境污染物的去除。本研究選擇對重金屬具有較好去除作用的白腐真菌的模式菌黃孢原毛平革菌作為受試真菌,以鎘為重金屬的代表,研究銀納米材料對黃孢原毛平革菌去除重金屬的影響,并考察其自身在體系中的遷移轉(zhuǎn)化。本研究利用化學(xué)方法合成了以檸檬酸三鈉為表面穩(wěn)定劑的銀納米材料,且利用紫外可見分光光度分析、透射電鏡分析、能譜分析、流體動力學(xué)直徑分析、表面電荷分析以及X射線衍射分析對合成的銀納米材料進(jìn)行表征,結(jié)果表明,本研究成功合成了粒徑為24.3±0.37 nm、表面電荷為-47.2 m V的銀納米顆粒。利用該合成的銀納米顆粒對黃孢原毛平革菌去除重金屬鎘進(jìn)行實驗研究發(fā)現(xiàn),低濃度(0.1~1 mg/L)的銀納米顆粒對黃孢原毛平革菌去除溶液中的Cd(Ⅱ)具有一定的促進(jìn)作用,且在這個濃度范圍內(nèi),該促進(jìn)作用會隨著銀納米顆粒濃度的增加而增強(qiáng),Cd(Ⅱ)的最大的生物去除量(4.67 mg/g)在銀納米顆粒的濃度為1 mg/L時取得。而當(dāng)銀納米顆粒的濃度繼續(xù)增加時,該促進(jìn)作用會逐漸消失,其對黃孢原毛平革菌的抑制作用開始顯現(xiàn)。通過測定溶液中Ag~+和總銀的濃度、高角環(huán)形暗場掃描透射電鏡分析、能譜分析以及X射線衍射分析得知,實驗中加入的銀納米顆粒在體系中發(fā)生了氧化溶解,釋放出Ag~+,且最終以粒徑增大的銀納米顆粒的形式遷移至黃孢原毛平革菌的菌絲表面。傅里葉變換紅外光譜分析結(jié)果表明,黃孢原毛平革菌菌絲表面的羥基、氨基、羧基等官能團(tuán)參與到溶液中Cd(Ⅱ)的去除以及銀納米顆粒的遷移轉(zhuǎn)化過程中。
[Abstract]:As more and more silver nanomaterials are widely used in clinical medicine, ceramic materials, environmental protection coatings, water purification, textiles and daily necessities, silver nanomaterials are produced and processed. Silver nanomaterials, as a new environmental pollutant, will not only affect the organisms in the water body, but also be released into the water environment inevitably in the process of use and waste. And it may also affect the removal of other environmental pollutants in the water. In this study, the model fungus of white rot fungi with good removal of heavy metals was selected as the tested fungi. The effects of silver nanomaterials on removal of heavy metals by P. xanthosporium were studied with cadmium as the representative of heavy metals. The silver nanomaterials with trisodium citrate as the surface stabilizer were synthesized by chemical method and analyzed by UV-Vis spectrophotometry and TEM. The silver nanomaterials were characterized by energy spectrum analysis, hydrodynamic diameter analysis, surface charge analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis. The particle size is 24.3 鹵0.37 nm. Silver nanoparticles with surface charge of -47.2 MV were used to study the removal of heavy metal cadmium by Phanerochaete xanthosporium. The silver nanoparticles with a low concentration of 0.1 mg / L can promote the removal of CD (鈪，

本文編號：1480025