本文關(guān)鍵詞： 天然橡膠 碳納米管 疲勞性能 裂紋擴展 耐磨性能　出處：《北京化工大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：碳納米管優(yōu)越的物理機械性能使其成為橡膠增強的理想填料。但是國內(nèi)外對于碳納米管/天然橡膠復(fù)合材料動態(tài)疲勞性能的研究鮮有報道,而橡膠的疲勞性能直接決定了橡膠制品在動態(tài)條件下使用的耐久性、安全性與可靠性。本課題旨在探索碳納米管對天然橡膠疲勞性能的影響和疲勞機理。針對以上的實驗?zāi)繕?開展的主要工作和結(jié)果如下：1.采用裂紋擴展法,研究了在20%-100%疲勞應(yīng)變范圍內(nèi),填充碳納米管(1、3、5份)對天然橡膠動態(tài)疲勞性能的影響,并分別與相似硬度下炭黑(10、20、35份)增強的天然橡膠材料疲勞性能進行了對比。測定了1mm預(yù)割口的長條狀試樣的在動態(tài)循環(huán)載荷下的疲勞性能。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：碳納米管的加入對天然橡膠疲勞擴展的影響呈現(xiàn)兩種相反的規(guī)律。在低疲勞應(yīng)變范圍(20%-40%)且較低的碳納米管填充量(小于3份)下,碳納米管/天然橡膠復(fù)合材料的抗疲勞能力優(yōu)于相似硬度下炭黑/天然橡膠復(fù)合材料的抗疲勞能力；在高疲勞應(yīng)變范圍(40%-100%)下,碳納米管/天然橡膠復(fù)合材料的疲勞優(yōu)勢不明顯。在高硬度下,碳納米管增強天然橡膠的材料疲勞壽命小于相似硬度下炭黑增強的天然橡膠,且硬度越大,差距越明顯。從撕裂能角度分析,碳納米管/天然橡膠體系的裂紋擴展速度與撕裂能之間關(guān)系的變化規(guī)律與炭黑增強天然橡膠體系不同。隨著碳納米管填充量的增加,碳納米管/天然橡膠體系的裂紋增長速度隨著撕裂能的增大而增大；而炭黑填充量的增加,炭黑/天然橡膠體系的裂紋增長速度隨著撕裂能的增大而降低。為了進一步分析造成上述結(jié)果的原因,論文詳細分析了填料對橡膠材料粘彈性、應(yīng)變誘導(dǎo)結(jié)晶、裂紋偏轉(zhuǎn)等方面的影響。2.本課題還著眼于碳納米管/炭黑/天然橡膠復(fù)合材料的疲勞性能研究。在炭黑/天然橡膠體系中,在保持填料總份量不變的前提下,采用1、2、3、4、5份碳納米管等量替代相同質(zhì)量份數(shù)的炭黑。采用預(yù)割口長條狀試樣、屈撓疲勞試樣、啞鈴狀伸張疲勞試樣,研究碳納米管/炭黑/天然橡膠復(fù)合材料的抗疲勞能力。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：填充少量碳納米管(1-2)份的天然橡膠能夠與引發(fā)裂紋偏轉(zhuǎn),延長裂紋擴展路徑,提高撕裂能,疲勞性能和抗切割性能優(yōu)于炭黑增強天然橡膠。
[Abstract]:The excellent physical and mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes make them an ideal filler for rubber reinforcement. However, there are few reports on the dynamic fatigue properties of carbon nanotubes / natural rubber composites at home and abroad. The fatigue performance of rubber directly determines the durability of rubber products under dynamic conditions. Safety and reliability. The purpose of this project is to explore the effect of carbon nanotubes on the fatigue properties and fatigue mechanism of natural rubber. According to the above experimental objectives, the main work and results are as follows: 1. Crack propagation method is adopted. The effect of filling carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the dynamic fatigue properties of natural rubber was studied in the range of 20% -100% fatigue strain. 35). The fatigue properties of the reinforced natural rubber materials were compared. The fatigue properties of the long strip specimens with 1mm precutting opening under dynamic cyclic loading were measured. The results showed that:. The effects of carbon nanotubes on the fatigue growth of natural rubber show two opposite laws. 20-40) and a lower amount of carbon nanotubes (less than 3 parts). The fatigue resistance of carbon nanotubes / natural rubber composites is better than that of carbon black / natural rubber composites with similar hardness. Under the high fatigue strain range of 40 to 100, the fatigue advantage of CNTs / NRRP composites is not obvious. The fatigue life of carbon nanotube reinforced natural rubber is smaller than that of carbon black reinforced natural rubber with similar hardness, and the larger the hardness, the more obvious the gap is. The relationship between crack growth rate and tear energy of CNT / NBR system is different from that of carbon black reinforced natural rubber system. The crack growth rate of carbon nanotube / natural rubber system increases with the increase of tear energy. However, with the increase of carbon black content, the crack growth rate of carbon black / natural rubber system decreases with the increase of tear energy. In this paper, the viscoelasticity and strain induced crystallization of fillers on rubber materials were analyzed in detail. The effects of crack deflection. 2. The fatigue properties of carbon nanotubes / carbon black / natural rubber composites are also studied. In carbon black / natural rubber system. On the premise of keeping the total content of filler unchanged, the carbon black with the same mass fraction was replaced by 5 carbon nanotubes of 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 carbon nanotube. The long strip specimen with pre-cutting mouth was used to flexure fatigue specimen. The fatigue resistance of carbon nanotubes / carbon black / natural rubber composites was studied by dumbbell tensile fatigue test. It was found that natural rubber filled with a small amount of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) 1-2) could deflect from the initiation of cracks. The crack propagation path, tear energy, fatigue property and cutting resistance are better than that of carbon black reinforced natural rubber.
【學位授予單位】：北京化工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB332

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本文編號：1447610