本文關(guān)鍵詞： 超疏水表面 制備 防覆冰 自清潔 穩(wěn)定性　出處：《南昌航空大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目前,人工超疏水表面在實(shí)驗(yàn)室制備和應(yīng)用研究兩方面都取得了較大的進(jìn)展,但其表面防覆冰性能的研究還僅處于起步階段,超疏水表面是否具有防覆冰效果尚存在爭議。為此,本論文系統(tǒng)研究各類超疏水表面的防覆冰性能,用三種不同的方法制備出了三種不同類型的超疏水表面,并且對其表面潤濕性、形貌、成分、自清潔性能和穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的研究。主要研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)果如下:1.自行搭建了一套簡易的實(shí)驗(yàn)室覆冰行為測試裝置,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)在溫度范圍0~-25°C,風(fēng)速范圍在0~5 m/s的調(diào)節(jié),對超疏水表面的覆冰行為進(jìn)行實(shí)時監(jiān)控。2.以硝酸銀和硬脂酸為原料制備了硬脂酸銀超疏水表面,其接觸角為164.5°,滾動角為3.1°。硬脂酸銀超疏水表面具有涂膜方便,耐酸堿,易修復(fù)等特點(diǎn)。在實(shí)驗(yàn)室小型結(jié)冰裝置下發(fā)現(xiàn)硬脂酸銀超疏水表面在-5°C、-10°C和-15°C條件下有延緩結(jié)冰的作用。在-20°C下,超疏水表面和普通玻璃表面開始結(jié)冰的時間相差不大。在大型冰風(fēng)洞實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下,在-5°C、-10°C和-15°C下,超疏水表面能夠顯著減少覆冰量,覆冰形態(tài)為稀疏不連續(xù)冰粒。在-20°C下,超疏水表面與普通表面相比較,其覆冰情況無明顯差別。3.將改性疏水二氧化硅與硅橡膠在溶液中混合,然后浸涂成膜,固化后得到SiO2/RTV復(fù)合超疏水涂層,其接觸角為165°,滾動角為1.1°。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)SiO2/RTV復(fù)合超疏水涂層具有較高的穩(wěn)定性,能夠經(jīng)受紫外線照射和腐蝕溶液的浸泡。覆冰行為研究發(fā)現(xiàn),采用滴水結(jié)冰的方法,SiO2/RTV復(fù)合超疏水涂層在傾斜臺角度為15°的條件下,在-4°C、-8°C和-12°C時,其表面不結(jié)冰或延緩結(jié)冰。在-16°C下,超疏水表面的覆冰情況和普通表面無明顯差別。4.使用十八烷基三氯硅烷改性的納米SiO2顆粒為原料,采用浸涂和噴涂的方法制備了透明超疏水涂層。納米SiO2團(tuán)聚成連續(xù)島形成微納米雙重結(jié)構(gòu)。透明超疏水表面的接觸角為163°,滾動角小于2°。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)該超疏水表面的透光率大于81.5%,且具有良好的自清潔性和耐腐蝕性。系統(tǒng)研究了透明超疏水表面在風(fēng)速分別為0 m/s和3 m/s下透明超疏水表面的覆冰情況。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)在-5°C時,超疏水表面在任何風(fēng)速下都能夠防止覆冰的發(fā)生;在風(fēng)速為3 m/s,溫度為-10°C的狀態(tài)下,超疏水表面能夠顯著延緩表面覆冰;而在更低溫度-15°C時,超疏水表面和普通表面相比,無明顯防覆冰效果。
[Abstract]:At present, great progress has been made in the preparation and application of artificial superhydrophobic surfaces in laboratory, but the study on the anti-icing performance of artificial superhydrophobic surfaces is still in its infancy. Whether the superhydrophobic surface has anti-icing effect is still controversial. Therefore, this paper systematically studies the anti-icing performance of various superhydrophobic surfaces, and three different types of superhydrophobic surfaces are prepared by three different methods. And the wettability, morphology, composition, self-cleaning performance and stability of the surface were studied in detail. The main research contents and results are as follows: 1. A simple laboratory ice behavior testing device was built by ourselves. It can be adjusted in the temperature range of 0 ~ 25 擄C and the wind speed in the range of 0 ~ 5 m / s. The superhydrophobic surface of silver stearate was prepared from silver nitrate and stearic acid. The contact angle was 164.5 擄. The rolling angle is 3.1 擄. The superhydrophobic surface of silver stearate has the advantages of convenient coating, resistance to acid and alkali, easy repair and so on. The superhydrophobic surface of silver stearate is found to be at -5 擄C in the laboratory. Under the conditions of -10 擄C and -15 擄C, the freezing time of superhydrophobic surface is similar to that of common glass surface at -20 擄C. Under the conditions of -5 擄C ~ 10 擄C and -15 擄C, the superhydrophobic surface can significantly reduce the amount of ice covered, and the ice form is sparse discontinuous ice particles. At -20 擄C, the superhydrophobic surface is compared with the ordinary surface. The modified hydrophobic silica and silicone rubber were mixed in solution, then impregnated into film, the SiO2/RTV composite superhydrophobic coating was obtained after curing. The contact angle is 165 擄and the rolling angle is 1.1 擄. It is found that the SiO2/RTV composite superhydrophobic coating has high stability. It can withstand ultraviolet irradiation and corrosion solution soaking. The study of icing behavior shows that the SiO2 / RTV composite superhydrophobic coating can be used in the condition that the angle of tilt table is 15 擄. At -4 擄C ~ 8 擄C and -12 擄C, the surface does not freeze or delay ice formation, and at -16 擄C. There is no obvious difference between superhydrophobic surface and ordinary surface. (4) 18 alkyl trichlorosilane modified SiO2 nanoparticles are used as raw materials. Transparent superhydrophobic coatings were prepared by dipping and spraying. Nano SiO2 was agglomerated into continuous islands to form micro / nano double structure. The contact angle of transparent superhydrophobic surfaces was 163 擄. The rolling angle is less than 2 擄. It is found that the transmittance of the superhydrophobic surface is more than 81.5%. The icing of transparent superhydrophobic surface at wind speed of 0 m / s and 3 m / s, respectively, is studied. The results show that at -5 擄C, the superhydrophobic surface has good self-cleaning and corrosion resistance. The superhydrophobic surface can prevent the icing under any wind speed. When the wind speed is 3 m / s and the temperature is -10 擄C, the superhydrophobic surface can significantly delay the icing on the surface. At a lower temperature of -15 擄C, the superhydrophobic surface has no obvious anti-icing effect compared with the ordinary surface.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌航空大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB306

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本文編號：1446722