本文關(guān)鍵詞：一維ZnO納米棒的制備及光學(xué)性能研究　出處：《河南科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： ZnO納米棒 溶膠-凝膠 水熱 籽晶 ZnO-ZnS 熒光

【摘要】：一維ZnO納米棒的比表面積較大、電子傳輸性能優(yōu)良、光學(xué)性能好,在太陽(yáng)能電池、壓電、催化等重要領(lǐng)域很有前景。本文制備了一維ZnO納米棒并對(duì)其ZnS包覆,研究了ZnO納米棒的物相、形貌與其光學(xué)性能之間的關(guān)系。本文采用溶膠-凝膠法,以六水硝酸鋅和乙二醇單甲醚為主要原料,在Si O2玻璃襯底上旋涂一層致密的ZnO籽晶,用水熱法,通過(guò)對(duì)籽晶層面朝下制備了ZnO納米棒。然后對(duì)ZnO納米棒硫化,成功制備了具有核殼結(jié)構(gòu)的一維ZnOZnS納米棒。利用X射線(xiàn)衍射儀(XRD)、掃描電鏡(SEM)、透射電鏡(TEM),對(duì)ZnO納米棒和ZnO-ZnS核-殼結(jié)構(gòu)的物相、形貌進(jìn)行檢測(cè)。并且利用F-280熒光分光光譜儀對(duì)其光學(xué)性能分析。研究結(jié)果表明:1.采用溶膠-凝膠法制備了具有纖鋅礦結(jié)構(gòu)的ZnO籽晶層。溶膠濃度是0.25mol/L,熱處理溫度為450°C,所制備的ZnO籽晶層薄膜比較平整且致密,此條件下晶粒最小可達(dá)到20nm左右。每一層ZnO籽晶層薄膜的厚度約為445nm。其光致發(fā)光(PL)譜中有兩個(gè)特別強(qiáng)的發(fā)光峰分別位于398nm和469nm。2.采用兩步法制備了一維ZnO納米棒。當(dāng)生長(zhǎng)液濃度為30 mmol/L時(shí),更有利于ZnO納米棒沿[0001]方向擇優(yōu)生長(zhǎng)。此濃度下的平均直徑最小約為41nm,長(zhǎng)度約為1130nm。所得的樣品ZnO納米棒的PL譜都有兩個(gè)明顯的發(fā)光峰,分別是以418nm為中心的寬而強(qiáng)的紫外發(fā)光峰和以467nm為中心的相對(duì)較弱的藍(lán)光發(fā)光峰。并且生長(zhǎng)液濃度為30mmol/L樣品的可見(jiàn)光發(fā)光強(qiáng)度最強(qiáng)。3.通過(guò)水熱反應(yīng)法在ZnO納米棒的表面包覆了一層具有立方閃鋅礦結(jié)構(gòu)的ZnS。當(dāng)硫代乙酰胺的水溶液的濃度為0.1mol/L時(shí),樣品保持著納米棒陣列結(jié)構(gòu),且納米棒薄膜表面比較平整;隨著硫化濃度提高到0.5mol/L,納米棒表面的粗糙度增加,表面包覆一層約為10nm厚的ZnS;硫化濃度繼續(xù)增大到1.0mol/L,有大量的納米顆粒覆蓋整個(gè)納米棒表面。其PL譜中有兩個(gè)明顯的發(fā)光峰,分別是以398nm為中心的寬而強(qiáng)的紫外發(fā)光峰和以467nm為中心的相對(duì)較弱的藍(lán)光發(fā)光峰。當(dāng)硫代乙酰胺的水溶液的濃度為0.5mol/L時(shí),其發(fā)光強(qiáng)度最好。ZnS對(duì)ZnO納米棒表面的缺陷具有一定的修飾和鈍化作用,從而使ZnOZnS的缺陷發(fā)射大大降低。
[Abstract]:One-dimensional ZnO nanorods have large specific surface area, excellent electron transport performance, good optical performance, in solar cells, piezoelectric. In this paper, one-dimensional ZnO nanorods were prepared and coated with ZnS, and the phase of ZnO nanorods was studied. The relationship between morphology and optical properties. In this paper, a dense ZnO seed was spin-coated on Sio _ 2 glass substrate using zinc nitrate hexahydrate and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether as main raw materials by sol-gel method. ZnO nanorods were prepared by hydrothermal method, and then ZnO nanorods were vulcanized. One-dimensional ZnOZnS nanorods with core-shell structure have been successfully prepared by using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). For ZnO nanorods and ZnO-ZnS core-shell structures. The optical properties were analyzed by F-280 fluorescence spectrometer. The results showed that:. 1. ZnO seed layer with wurtzite structure was prepared by sol-gel method. The sol concentration was 0.25 mol / L. When the heat treatment temperature is 450 擄C, the ZnO seed layer films are smooth and compact. Under these conditions, the minimum grain size can reach about 20nm. The thickness of each layer of ZnO seed layer is about 445nm. There are two particularly strong luminescence peaks at 398nm and 469nm.2. One-dimensional ZnO nanorods were prepared by two-step method when the concentration of growth solution was 30 mmol/L. More favorable to ZnO nanorods. [The average diameter is about 41 nm and the length is about 1 130 nm. The PL spectra of the ZnO nanorods obtained have two obvious luminescence peaks. They are broad and strong UV emission peaks centered at 418 nm and relatively weak blue luminescence peaks centered at 467 nm. The visible luminescence intensity of the growth solution is 30 mmol / L. A layer of ZnS with cubic sphalerite structure was coated on the surface of ZnO nanorods by hydrothermal reaction. When the concentration of thioacetamide in aqueous solution was 0.1 mol / L. The nanorod array structure was maintained and the surface of the nanorod film was flat. With the increase of vulcanization concentration to 0.5 mol / L, the surface roughness of the nanorods increases, and the surface of the nanorods is coated with ZnS about 10 nm thick. The sulfidation concentration continued to increase to 1.0 mol / L, with a large number of nanoparticles covering the whole surface of the nanorods, and there were two obvious luminescence peaks in the PL spectra. It is a wide and strong ultraviolet luminescence peak centered at 398nm and a relatively weak blue luminescence peak centered at 467 nm. When the concentration of thioacetamide aqueous solution is 0.5 mol / L. Its luminescence intensity is the best. ZnS can modify and passivate the defects on the surface of ZnO nanorods to a certain extent, thus greatly reducing the emission of ZnOZnS defects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：O614.241;TB383.1

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