本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于功能性聚芳醚砜薄膜的電化學(xué)電容器　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 聚芳醚砜 電化學(xué)電容器 電化學(xué)性能

【摘要】：在二十一世紀(jì)的今天，能源危機(jī)以及環(huán)境污染日益嚴(yán)重，環(huán)境友好的可再生能源的開發(fā)與利用成為了當(dāng)前形勢(shì)下最重要的課題。電化學(xué)電容器，作為一種新型的儲(chǔ)能元件以環(huán)境友好、功率密度高、循環(huán)壽命長(zhǎng)等特點(diǎn)成為當(dāng)今能源儲(chǔ)存元件領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)。隔膜，電化學(xué)電容器的重要組成部分，需要較好的機(jī)械強(qiáng)度，良好的熱穩(wěn)定性，和優(yōu)異的電化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性；與此同時(shí)，隔膜需要為電解質(zhì)離子提供傳輸通道，保證電化學(xué)電容器優(yōu)異的電化學(xué)性能。因此，本論文以綜合性能優(yōu)異的聚芳醚砜樹脂為隔膜基體材料通過(guò)不同的聚合物薄膜制備技術(shù)和聚合物修飾改性方法，制備了功能性聚芳醚砜薄膜，組裝了電化學(xué)電容器，，系統(tǒng)地研究了隔膜和電化學(xué)電容器的相關(guān)性能以及構(gòu)效關(guān)系。 首先，以聚醚砜作為基體材料，通過(guò)浸沒沉淀相轉(zhuǎn)化方法，制備了聚醚砜多孔薄膜，為電解質(zhì)離子的傳輸提供了有效的通道，并以聚醚砜多孔膜為隔膜組裝了電化學(xué)電容器單體器件。研究了聚醚砜多孔膜制備條件對(duì)隔膜及電化學(xué)電容器性能的影響；得到了綜合性能較好的聚醚砜多孔隔膜和電容性能優(yōu)良的電化學(xué)電容器單體器件。但是，多孔膜的高孔隙率對(duì)隔膜的機(jī)械性能產(chǎn)生較大影響。因此，我們改變膜制備技術(shù)，采用流延法制備了致密膜，有效改善了隔膜的機(jī)械性能，并通過(guò)聚合物修飾改性，進(jìn)一步地設(shè)計(jì)制備了具有離子傳導(dǎo)能力的季銨功能化的聚芳醚砜基體材料，得到了具有良好電化學(xué)性能和出色循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性的隔膜和水相電化學(xué)電容器。 其次，為了獲得高性能、質(zhì)輕、小尺寸的固態(tài)電化學(xué)電容器，在功能化聚芳醚砜的基礎(chǔ)上引入高親水性樹脂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮制備了功能性復(fù)合膜，并利用氫氧化鉀水溶液制備了聚合物電解質(zhì)，提高了電化學(xué)電容器的安全性能，并提升了電化學(xué)電容器的比電容和能量密度，同時(shí)賦予了電化學(xué)電容器優(yōu)異的循環(huán)壽命。 最后，在聚合物電解質(zhì)中引入氧化還原活性物質(zhì)，制備了氧化還原聚合物電解質(zhì)，為電化學(xué)電容器提供了額外的法拉第贗電容，進(jìn)一步提高了電化學(xué)電容器的比電容和能量密度。
[Abstract]:In 21th century, the energy crisis and environmental pollution are becoming more and more serious. The development and utilization of environmentally friendly renewable energy has become the most important issue in the current situation. As a new type of energy storage components, environmental friendly, high power density, long cycle life and other characteristics has become the research hotspot in the field of energy storage components, diaphragm, an important component of electrochemical capacitors. Need better mechanical strength, good thermal stability, and excellent electrochemical stability; At the same time, the diaphragm needs to provide transport channels for electrolyte ions to ensure the excellent electrochemical performance of electrochemical capacitors. In this thesis, functional poly (aryl ether sulfone) thin films were prepared by different polymer film preparation techniques and polymer modification methods using poly (aryl ether sulfone) resin as the membrane substrate. Electrochemical capacitors were assembled, and the properties and structure-activity relationships of diaphragm and electrochemical capacitors were systematically studied. Firstly, polyethersulfone (PES) porous films were prepared by immersion precipitation phase transformation method, which provided an effective channel for the transport of electrolyte ions. The monomeric devices of electrochemical capacitors were assembled using polyethersulfone porous membrane as the diaphragm, and the effects of preparation conditions on the performance of the diaphragm and electrochemical capacitor were studied. The polyethersulfone porous membrane and the electrochemical capacitor monomeric device with good capacitive performance are obtained. However, the high porosity of the porous membrane has a great effect on the mechanical properties of the diaphragm. We changed the preparation technology of the membrane and prepared the dense membrane by casting method, which improved the mechanical properties of the diaphragm effectively and modified by polymer modification. Furthermore, quaternary ammonium functional polyethersulfone matrix materials with ionic conductivity were designed and prepared. The diaphragm and aqueous phase electrochemical capacitors with good electrochemical performance and excellent cyclic stability were obtained. Secondly, in order to obtain solid state electrochemical capacitors with high performance, light weight and small size, functional composite membranes were prepared by introducing high hydrophilic resin polyvinylpyrrolidone on the basis of functionalized poly (aryl ether sulfone). Polymer electrolytes were prepared by using potassium hydroxide aqueous solution to improve the safety performance of electrochemical capacitors and the specific capacitance and energy density of electrochemical capacitors. At the same time, the excellent cycle life of electrochemical capacitor is given. Finally, redox polymer electrolytes were prepared by introducing redox active substances into polymer electrolytes, which provided additional Faraday pseudo-capacitors for electrochemical capacitors. The specific capacitance and energy density of electrochemical capacitors are further improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：O632.32;TB383.2

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本文編號(hào)：1397643