本文關(guān)鍵詞：功能梯度材料的制備及接觸模擬分析　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 功能梯度材料 涂層 有限元 接觸力學(xué) 應(yīng)力分析 摩擦

【摘要】：功能梯度材料具有隨空間位置呈梯度變化的材料屬性,它能夠減小由于材料失配所導(dǎo)致的應(yīng)力集中,提高粘接強(qiáng)度,改善表面性能能夠在惡劣的熱、化學(xué)環(huán)境中提供保護(hù)層。功能梯度材料所具有的獨(dú)特性質(zhì)以及潛在的研究前景,使得其成為研究領(lǐng)域的熱門學(xué)科。由于功能梯度材料用作涂層能夠提高接觸表面抵抗接觸變形能力,可抑制接觸損傷和破壞,因而,功能梯度材料的接觸力學(xué)成為了一個(gè)重要的研究課題。本文用熱壓燒結(jié)法制備了鋁基氧化鋁的梯度材料,并對(duì)其微觀結(jié)構(gòu)、密度,壓縮強(qiáng)度、硬度及壓痕等性能進(jìn)行測試及分析。利用ABAQUS有限元模擬接觸力學(xué)行為,對(duì)均勻材料進(jìn)行了二維無摩擦及滑動(dòng)接觸模擬分析,將接觸應(yīng)力的數(shù)值解與解析解進(jìn)行對(duì)比,分析了層厚及摩擦力對(duì)接觸應(yīng)力的影響。對(duì)梯度涂層(A1/A1203)半平面進(jìn)行了二維無摩擦接觸模擬,將數(shù)值解與理論結(jié)果進(jìn)行了對(duì)比,分析了梯度涂層彈性模量比E0/Eh、不同函數(shù)形式、梯度指數(shù)n對(duì)接觸應(yīng)力以及圓壓頭作用下的力～壓痕、力與接觸區(qū)寬度曲線的影響。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)熱壓燒結(jié)法能夠制備出密度小,輕質(zhì)、結(jié)構(gòu)較致密、完整的梯度材料,所制備的梯度材料不僅具有較高的壓縮強(qiáng)度,同時(shí)也表現(xiàn)出了很好的延展性。(2)通過對(duì)韋氏硬度及壓痕的測試表明:在同樣的法相荷載作用下,梯度材料硬度強(qiáng)于均勻材料;隨著氧化鋁含量的增加可以提高A1/A1203材料的硬度,同時(shí)在梯度材料中仍然能夠保持這種性能。(3)對(duì)均勻材料無摩擦接觸進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,法向荷載一定時(shí),隨著均勻?qū)雍穸鹊臏p小,接觸壓力與解析解的差距越大。(4)對(duì)于均勻材料,摩擦系數(shù)的改變對(duì)法向接觸應(yīng)力分布影響很小,但對(duì)平面內(nèi)張拉應(yīng)力分布影響很大,前端的最大張拉應(yīng)力隨著摩擦系數(shù)的增大而增大。(5)在對(duì)梯度涂層半平面無摩擦模擬時(shí),梯度層分為10層就能保證足夠的精度。在指數(shù)模型下,數(shù)值解與理論值的對(duì)比吻合較好,該模型可以用來分析功能梯度材料參數(shù)按照任意函數(shù)形式連續(xù)變化的無摩擦接觸問題。(6)通過調(diào)整涂層材料參數(shù)的梯度可以改變表面接觸應(yīng)力的分布。特別地,減小涂層表面的楊氏模量能夠減小接觸區(qū)兩端的平面內(nèi)張拉應(yīng)力的最大值。這表明可以通過調(diào)整涂層梯度來抑制表面開裂,抵抗在滑動(dòng)和微動(dòng)條件下所導(dǎo)致的接觸損傷。(7)力～壓痕關(guān)系受涂層彈性模量梯度變化的影響,這表明可以通過壓痕試驗(yàn)測出涂層的材料參數(shù)梯度。
[Abstract]:Functionally graded materials (FGM) can reduce stress concentration due to mismatch of materials, improve bonding strength and improve surface properties in bad heat. Protective layer in the chemical environment. Unique properties and potential research prospects of functionally graded materials. Functional gradient materials (FGM) as coatings can improve the contact surface resistance to contact deformation and inhibit contact damage and damage. The contact mechanics of functionally graded materials (FGM) has become an important research topic. In this paper, aluminum-based gradient materials were prepared by hot pressing sintering, and their microstructure, density and compressive strength were investigated. The hardness and indentation properties were tested and analyzed. Using ABAQUS finite element method to simulate the contact mechanical behavior, the two-dimensional frictionless and sliding contact simulation analysis of the uniform material was carried out. The numerical solution of contact stress is compared with the analytical solution, and the influence of layer thickness and friction force on contact stress is analyzed. Two-dimensional frictionless contact simulation is carried out on the half-plane of gradient coating A _ 1 / A _ 1203). The numerical solution is compared with the theoretical results. The elastic modulus ratio of gradient coating E0 / Eh, different function forms, the contact stress of gradient exponent n and the force indentation under the action of circular indenter are analyzed. The effect of force and contact zone width curve. The results show that the hot-pressing sintering method can produce gradient materials with small density, light weight, compact structure and integrity. The gradient material not only has high compressive strength, but also shows a good ductility.) through the test of Wechsler hardness and indentation, it is shown that under the same normal phase load. The hardness of gradient material is stronger than that of uniform material. With the increase of alumina content, the hardness of A1 / A1203 material can be improved, and this property can still be maintained in the gradient material. When the normal load is constant, the difference between the contact pressure and the analytical solution increases with the decrease of the thickness of the uniform layer.) for the homogeneous material, the change of friction coefficient has little effect on the normal contact stress distribution. The maximum tensile stress of the front end increases with the increase of friction coefficient. The gradient layer is divided into 10 layers to ensure sufficient accuracy. In the exponential model, the numerical solution is in good agreement with the theoretical value. The model can be used to analyze the frictionless contact problem in which the parameters of functionally graded materials vary continuously according to arbitrary function form. The distribution of surface contact stress can be changed by adjusting the gradient of coating material parameters. Reducing the Young's modulus of the coating surface can reduce the maximum tensile stress in the plane at both ends of the contact zone, which indicates that the surface cracking can be restrained by adjusting the coating gradient. The resistance to contact damage caused by sliding and fretting is affected by the variation of elastic modulus gradient, which indicates that the material parameter gradient of the coating can be measured by indentation test.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB34

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