本文關(guān)鍵詞：丙烯酸樹(shù)脂微球化學(xué)鍍鎳的制備工藝研究　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 丙烯酸樹(shù)脂微球 核殼材料 化學(xué)鍍鎳 粗化

【摘要】：目前為止,在一些如銅、鐵、鋼鐵等具有自催化性質(zhì)的基體上的化學(xué)鍍鎳工藝已經(jīng)十分成熟,并且已得到廣泛應(yīng)用。但在如高分子粉體材料這些難鍍基體上的化學(xué)鍍鎳仍有很多問(wèn)題需要突破,如結(jié)合力、鍍層致密度、導(dǎo)電性、耐磨性、耐熱性等。高分子粉體復(fù)合材料又稱為核-殼材料,其中一種是高分子材料為殼,金屬材料為核,另一種是金屬材料包覆高分子核。前者在早期研究中研究較多,主要用于生物醫(yī)學(xué)方面,后者在近十年受到人們的廣泛關(guān)注。高分子粉體材料經(jīng)過(guò)金屬化后可以獲得金屬材料的導(dǎo)電性、磁性、催化性等,還可以同時(shí)具有高分子材料質(zhì)量輕、可塑性強(qiáng)、保色性好等優(yōu)點(diǎn),可應(yīng)用到軍事、醫(yī)學(xué)、電子、化工等各個(gè)方面,是近來(lái)復(fù)合材料研究中的一大熱門(mén)。目前,采用化學(xué)鍍法對(duì)塑料粉末進(jìn)行金屬化的研究報(bào)道已有很多,但關(guān)于化學(xué)鍍中粗化條件的深入研究還比較少。本文采用化學(xué)鍍工藝在丙烯酸樹(shù)脂微球表面包覆一層金屬鎳,以獲得一種輕質(zhì)吸波涂層材料。由于非金屬在化學(xué)鍍鎳液中不具備自催化活性,因而要獲得與非金屬基體結(jié)合良好的鍍層,必須對(duì)基體表面進(jìn)行特殊處理。本題中將丙烯酸樹(shù)脂微球在水性條件下通過(guò)化學(xué)除油和粗化處理后,獲得一定的親水性,然后在氯化亞錫和氯化鈀的鹽酸溶液中進(jìn)行敏化、活化處理,最后在鍍鎳液中成功得到鎳包覆層。本實(shí)驗(yàn)通過(guò)激光粒度儀,比表面積(BET),傅里葉轉(zhuǎn)換紅外光譜(FTIR),掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM、BSE),譜分析(EDS)等分析方法對(duì)微球表面及鍍層進(jìn)行了分析。課題研究發(fā)現(xiàn)采用鉻酸溶液對(duì)丙烯酸樹(shù)脂微球的最佳粗化溫度是70℃,粗化時(shí)間為60～90min。該過(guò)程對(duì)微球表面化學(xué)組成沒(méi)有影響。對(duì)預(yù)處理之后的丙烯酸樹(shù)脂微球進(jìn)行化學(xué)鍍鎳,化學(xué)鍍鎳在反應(yīng)溫度大于30℃時(shí)才可以發(fā)生,隨化學(xué)鍍溫度的升高和粗化時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng),化學(xué)鍍開(kāi)始時(shí)間加快,丙烯酸樹(shù)脂微球表面缺陷增加、變小,且分布更均勻,微球表面沉積鎳粒子粒徑減小,得到的鍍層更光滑、致密度更高,基體與鍍層結(jié)合力增強(qiáng),同一時(shí)間內(nèi)可以得到更厚的鎳鍍層。當(dāng)化學(xué)鍍溫度高于60℃時(shí),鍍液中生大產(chǎn)量游離鎳粉,使鍍液穩(wěn)定性會(huì)遭到破壞。弱堿性條件下最佳的化學(xué)鍍鎳溫度為40～50℃。
[Abstract]:Up to now, the electroless nickel plating process on some self-catalytic substrates such as copper, iron and steel has been very mature. And it has been widely used. However, there are still many problems in electroless nickel plating such as polymer powder materials, such as adhesion, coating density, electrical conductivity, wear resistance. High molecular powder composite is also called core-shell material, one of which is polymer material as shell and metal material as core. The former is mainly used in biomedical research. The latter has been widely concerned in the past decade. After metallization, the polymer powder materials can obtain the electrical conductivity, magnetic properties and catalytic properties of metal materials, and can also have light weight of polymer materials at the same time. It can be applied to military, medical, electronic, chemical and other fields. It is a hot topic in the research of composite materials recently. There are many reports on metallization of plastic powder by electroless plating. However, the coarsening conditions in electroless plating are less studied. In this paper, a layer of nickel is coated on the surface of acrylic resin microspheres by electroless plating. In order to obtain a kind of light-weight microwave absorbing coating material, the non-metal coating has no self-catalytic activity in the electroless nickel plating solution, so it is necessary to obtain a coating with good binding to the non-metallic substrate. The surface of the matrix must be treated specially. In this paper, the acrylic resin microspheres were treated by chemical deoiling and coarsening under the condition of water, and the hydrophilic properties of the microspheres were obtained. Then it was sensitized and activated in stannous chloride and palladium chloride hydrochloric acid solution. Finally, nickel coating was successfully obtained in nickel plating solution. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The optimum coarsening temperature of acrylic resin microspheres by chromic acid solution was found to be 70 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1388426