本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于超材料結(jié)構(gòu)的電磁波吸收特性研究　出處：《長春理工大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 超材料 微納結(jié)構(gòu) 表面等離子體 吸波器 太赫茲 時域有限差分法

【摘要】：超材料作為一種新型的人工材料,可以看成是由金屬和電介質(zhì)周期性排列的單元結(jié)構(gòu)所組成,它具有自然界中常規(guī)材料所沒有的許多奇特物理性質(zhì),打破了傳統(tǒng)材料設(shè)計思想的局限性,大大提高了材料綜合性能。目前,超材料已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為了一個涉及物理學(xué)、材料學(xué)、化學(xué)等多個學(xué)科的交叉前沿學(xué)科。而基于超材料的電磁吸波器具有許多傳統(tǒng)吸波器所不具備的優(yōu)勢,如完美吸收、超薄、工作頻率可調(diào)以及結(jié)構(gòu)電磁參數(shù)可設(shè)計等,可應(yīng)用于傳感器、探測器、太陽能光伏等諸多領(lǐng)域。近年來,基于超材料的電磁吸波器已成為微納光子學(xué)領(lǐng)域的的研究熱點之一。本論文從超材料的吸波原理出發(fā),針對基于超材料的電磁吸波器展開了設(shè)計及理論模擬研究。利用時域有限差分算法,采用FDTD Solutions軟件計算了多種超材料吸波器的電磁吸收特性。所設(shè)計及模擬電磁吸波器的工作頻帶包括單頻帶、雙頻帶、寬頻帶等,其工作波長涵蓋了可見光、近/中紅外以及太赫茲波段。采用阻抗匹配理論分析了吸波器的電磁波吸收機理,并討論了超材料結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸以及材料屬性對電磁波吸收效率的影響,同時進一步討論了TM和TE模式下電磁波入射角度對超材料電磁吸收的影響。本論文的主要工作內(nèi)容如下:首先,設(shè)計并模擬研究了一種基于金屬光柵結(jié)構(gòu)的窄頻帶電磁吸波器,該器件在600~1300 nm工作波段范圍內(nèi)可實現(xiàn)不同頻帶的吸收。基于該結(jié)構(gòu)的電磁場以及能流密度分布特點,詳細分析了其電磁波吸收機制。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)光柵寬度小于250 nm時,該電磁吸波器可表現(xiàn)為單頻帶近100%的完美吸收,但是當(dāng)金屬寬度約為360 nm時,器件則表現(xiàn)為雙頻帶吸收。而且,通過調(diào)節(jié)超材料的金屬層以及電介質(zhì)層的厚度均可實現(xiàn)其共振吸收波長的調(diào)諧。因此,可以根據(jù)實際需要設(shè)計單元結(jié)構(gòu)中的相關(guān)參數(shù)。由于設(shè)計的光柵結(jié)構(gòu)對于電磁波偏振模式具有敏感性,為了克服以上光柵結(jié)構(gòu)電磁吸波器的這一弊端,我們進一步設(shè)計了基于圓柱體結(jié)構(gòu)的電磁吸波器,該器件具有偏振不敏感的特點,可實現(xiàn)可見光范圍內(nèi)的雙頻帶吸收。該兩類電磁吸波器的共同特點為具有窄帶電磁波高吸收性能。接下來,論文設(shè)計并模擬研究了一種基于金字塔形陣列結(jié)構(gòu)的寬頻帶電磁吸波器。金字塔形結(jié)構(gòu)單元由金屬鋁和電介質(zhì)鍺材料交錯堆疊形成的多層結(jié)構(gòu)組成,其實現(xiàn)了工作波段0.2~3.6μm范圍內(nèi)的超寬帶電磁波吸收。論文采用表面等離子體共振和慢波模理論研究了該吸波器的電磁波吸收機制,解釋了結(jié)構(gòu)中電磁場的分布特點。研究表明該器件具有高吸收、寬角度、偏振不敏感、方位角不敏感等諸多優(yōu)點,在太陽能光伏、熱發(fā)射器等領(lǐng)域具有重要應(yīng)用前景。由于錐形多層納米結(jié)構(gòu)在加工實現(xiàn)時具有較大的困難,為簡化單元結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)計了基于金屬-電介質(zhì)-金屬(MDM)結(jié)構(gòu)陣列的二維電磁吸波器,其在約600~1300 nm的波帶范圍內(nèi),吸收率高于80%的譜線帶寬約為300 nm。進一步,分析了該簡化結(jié)構(gòu)的電磁波吸收機理,討論了結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對電磁波吸收的影響。該工作可為太陽能光伏等領(lǐng)域器件的應(yīng)用提供理論基礎(chǔ)。由于太赫茲波段為新興的研究熱點以及有著重要的應(yīng)用,我們將所研究吸波器的工作波段拓展到了太赫茲波段。本文設(shè)計并模擬研究了窄頻帶以及寬頻帶的三種超材料太赫茲吸波器,分析太赫茲頻段的電磁波吸收問題。對于窄頻段太赫茲吸波器,本文設(shè)計相對簡單的金屬薄片結(jié)構(gòu)來實現(xiàn)其共振吸收,并采用等效LC電路模型來分析結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)與共振頻率之間的關(guān)系。該結(jié)構(gòu)具有簡單、可調(diào)諧、易加工的特點,有望應(yīng)用于探測器等領(lǐng)域。根據(jù)寬帶吸收實現(xiàn)方法的不同,本文分別設(shè)計并模擬研究了基于金屬層疊結(jié)構(gòu)以及金屬共面結(jié)構(gòu)的太赫茲吸波器。發(fā)現(xiàn)通過不同尺寸金屬單元所對應(yīng)的吸收峰的疊加,可實現(xiàn)寬頻帶的太赫茲吸收。本文結(jié)合共振頻率處電磁諧振的特點以及金屬表面電流分布,解釋了超材料太赫茲吸波器的吸收原理,并分析了結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對吸收產(chǎn)生的影響。本文獲得的寬頻帶太赫茲吸波器的研究成果,對其在電磁隱身、寬帶通信、安全檢測等領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用提供了理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Super material as a new type of artificial materials, can be viewed as the unit structure is arranged by metal and dielectric periodic component, it has many unique physical properties of conventional materials in nature are not, breaking the limitations of traditional material design, greatly improve the comprehensive performance of the material. The material has become super one involves physics, material science, cross frontier disciplines of chemistry. The metamaterial absorber has many traditional absorbers do not have the advantage, such as perfect absorption, ultra-thin, adjustable working frequency and electromagnetic parameters can be designed, which can be applied to the sensor, the detector solar photovoltaic, and other fields. In recent years, electromagnetic metamaterial absorber has become one of the hot research on micro nano photonics field. In this thesis, based on principle of super absorbing materials, The absorber launched a simulation study on the theory and design of electromagnetic metamaterials based on the FDTD algorithm, a variety of super absorbing material for electromagnetic wave absorption properties were calculated by FDTD Solutions software. The design and Simulation of electromagnetic absorber working frequency band including single band, dual band, broadband etc. the work covers the wavelength of visible light, near infrared and terahertz /. The impedance matching theory to analyze the absorption of electromagnetic wave absorption mechanism of the filter, and the effects of metamaterial structure size and material properties on absorption efficiency of electromagnetic waves, and the effect of TM and TE mode electromagnetic wave incident angle of metamaterials the electromagnetic absorption is also discussed. The main contents of this dissertation are as follows: firstly, the design and Simulation of a metal grating structure based on narrow-band electromagnetic wave absorbing device, the device in the 600~1300 nm wave Range can be realized in different frequency band absorption. The structure of the electromagnetic field and energy flow density distribution based on a detailed analysis of the electromagnetic wave absorption mechanism. The study found that when the grating width is less than 250 nm, the electromagnetic absorber can be expressed as the perfect single band nearly 100% of the absorption, but when the width of metal for 360 nm, the device is a dual band absorption. Moreover, by adjusting the metamaterial metal layer and the dielectric layer thickness can achieve the resonance absorption wavelength. Therefore, according to the actual needs of the relevant design parameters of unit structure. The structure design of the grating is sensitive to the electromagnetic wave polarization mode, in order to this disadvantage above grating structure electromagnetic wave absorption device, we design the electromagnetic absorber cylinder based on the structure, the device has the characteristics of polarization insensitive, visible light can be realized Dual frequency range. The absorption band of two electromagnetic wave absorbing device has the common characteristics of electromagnetic wave absorption performance for narrowband. Next, on a broadband Pyramid shaped array structure based on electromagnetic wave absorbing device is designed and simulated. The Pyramid structure unit is composed of metal dielectric and aluminum germanium staggered multilayer structure stack the composition, the ultra wideband electromagnetic wave absorption band 0.2~3.6 m range. The surface plasmon resonance and slow wave mode theory of electromagnetic wave absorption mechanism of the absorber of the thesis, explains the distribution of electromagnetic field in the structure. The research shows that this device has high absorption, wide angle. Polarization insensitive, azimuth sensitivity and many other advantages, in the solar photovoltaic thermal emitter has important application prospect in fields. Because of the taper multilayer nanostructures in the processing has great implementation Difficult to simplify the unit structure, design of metal dielectric metal (MDM) structure based on 2D electromagnetic array absorber, which at about 600~1300 nm waveband range, the absorption rate is higher than the spectral bandwidth of 80% is about 300 nm. further, analyzed the electromagnetic wave absorption mechanism of the simplified structure, influence the structure parameters of the electromagnetic wave absorption is discussed. The work can provide a theoretical basis for the application of solar photovoltaic devices and other fields. As a new research hotspot for terahertz and has an important application, we will study the suction filter band extended to terahertz band. The narrow band and wide band three a metamaterial absorber is designed and simulation analysis of electromagnetic wave absorption in THz band. For narrowband terahertz wave absorbing device, sheet metal structure design in this paper is relatively simple to achieve the total The vibration absorption, and to analyze the relationship between the structure parameters and the resonant frequency of the equivalent circuit model of LC. The structure is simple, tunable, easy processing characteristics, is expected to be applied to the detector and other fields. According to the different methods of realizing broadband absorption, this paper design and Simulation Research of the absorber metal laminated structure and terahertz metal coplanar structure based on different size. Found by metal element corresponding to the absorption peak of the overlay, can realize broadband terahertz absorption. Based on the resonant frequency of electromagnetic resonant characteristics and metal surface current distribution, explain the absorption principle of metamaterial absorber, and analyzes the influence of structure parameters on absorption the broadband. The obtained research results with Terahertz Absorption wave, the electromagnetic stealth, broadband communication, provides the theoretical basis application security detection etc. According to.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：長春理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB34;O441

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