本文關(guān)鍵詞：TPU發(fā)泡薄膜制備工藝及相關(guān)性能的研究　出處：《天津工業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 熱塑性聚氨酯 AC發(fā)泡劑 復(fù)合改性 發(fā)泡工藝 DSC 流變性

【摘要】：TPU具有優(yōu)異的物理機械性能,如耐磨性高、耐腐蝕性強、拉伸強度高等,其制備的發(fā)泡材料在保持TPU優(yōu)異性能的同時,還具有泡沫材料的特點,如質(zhì)輕、隔熱、隔音、緩沖性能。發(fā)泡薄膜在新型人造革的制作和緩沖材料的制備方面很有前景,目前制備的TPU發(fā)泡薄膜材料中,密度低于0.8g/cm3且泡孔細密均勻的比較少,而且制備這些發(fā)泡薄膜材料的工藝存在一定的缺陷。本課題將AC與1#TPU通過雙螺桿擠出機混煉均勻后發(fā)泡,通過改變AC發(fā)泡劑在1#TPU中的比例、發(fā)泡溫度和發(fā)泡時間,研究AC對1#TPU發(fā)泡材料性能的影響,通過平均泡孔直徑、泡孔個數(shù)、發(fā)泡倍率、表觀密度、拉伸強度的比較,優(yōu)選工藝條件。實驗結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)AC與1#TPU質(zhì)量比為1：30,發(fā)泡溫度為215℃,發(fā)泡時間為4min時達到較好的效果,泡孔直徑為232μm,泡孔均勻,表觀密度為0.35 g/cm3,拉伸強度為2.8MPa,拉伸強度下降30%。另外,測試了1#TPU熔體的流變性,在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了TPU發(fā)泡過程中的表現(xiàn)。AC發(fā)泡劑的分解溫度對于低硬度的TPU而言比較高,為降低AC的分解溫度,向AC發(fā)泡劑中加入助劑尿素、碳酸氫鈉、有機鋅鹽配置復(fù)合改性發(fā)泡劑,通過排水量氣法及熱重分析對比不同復(fù)合改性發(fā)泡劑的初始分解溫度、突發(fā)分解溫度和發(fā)氣率,分析助劑對AC發(fā)泡劑分解的影響規(guī)律。經(jīng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),尿素改變了AC的分解歷程,降低了AC的分解溫度和發(fā)氣率,當(dāng)AC與尿素質(zhì)量比為1：0.8效果較好；碳酸氫鈉降低了AC的分解溫度,提高了發(fā)氣率,當(dāng)AC：碳酸氫鈉質(zhì)量比為1：0.3效果較好；有機鋅鹽對AC的分解過程起著活化作用,當(dāng)AC：有機鋅鹽質(zhì)量比為1：0.2時效果較好。最終得到復(fù)合改性發(fā)泡劑AC：尿素：碳酸氫鈉：有機鋅鹽質(zhì)量比為1：0.8：0.3：0.2,AC發(fā)泡劑的初始分解溫度從205℃降為155℃,突發(fā)溫度段從215～225℃降為165～185℃,發(fā)氣率從160ml/g增加到175ml/g�；谀蛩貙�(fù)合改性發(fā)泡劑的影響,配置復(fù)合改性發(fā)泡劑Ⅰ和復(fù)合改性發(fā)泡劑Ⅱ,并用于不同TPU的發(fā)泡。通過DSC和熔融指數(shù)分析不同TPU的加工性能,同時對復(fù)合改性發(fā)泡劑Ⅰ和復(fù)合改性發(fā)泡劑Ⅱ做熱重分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)復(fù)合改性發(fā)泡劑Ⅰ分解過程較緩和,分解速率慢,容易制得泡孔均勻的試樣。對比復(fù)合改性發(fā)泡劑Ⅰ和復(fù)合改性發(fā)泡劑Ⅱ的發(fā)泡試樣,復(fù)合改性發(fā)泡劑Ⅰ的發(fā)泡試樣泡孔更加細密,拉伸強度較高,效果比較好。其中2#TPU發(fā)泡效果較好,泡孔直徑為142μm,泡孔均勻細密,表觀密度為0.7g/cm3,拉伸強度為1.3 MPa,拉伸強度下降40%。發(fā)泡工藝為：復(fù)合改性發(fā)泡劑Ⅰ與2#TPU質(zhì)量比為1：32,發(fā)泡溫度為185℃,發(fā)泡時間為1min。通過生產(chǎn)型螺桿擠出機進行放樣試驗,發(fā)現(xiàn)工藝穩(wěn)定,重演性好,所得試樣泡孔直徑為140μm,泡孔均勻細密,表觀密度為0.69 g/cm3,拉伸強度為1.33 MPa,拉伸強度下降36%。
[Abstract]:TPU has excellent physical and mechanical properties, such as high wear resistance, strong corrosion resistance and high tensile strength. The foamed material has excellent properties of TPU while also has the characteristics of foam materials, such as light weight, heat insulation, sound insulation and cushioning. Foamed film has great potential in the manufacture of new artificial leather and the preparation of cushioning materials. At present, the density of TPU foamed thin films is less than 0.8g/cm3 and the pores are thin and uniform. This topic will be AC and 1#TPU by double screw mixing evenly foaming extrusion machine, by changing the AC foaming agent in 1#TPU ratio, foaming temperature and foaming time, the effects of AC on properties of 1#TPU foam materials, the average cell diameter, cell number, foaming rate, apparent density, tensile strength comparison of the optimum conditions. The experimental results show that when the mass ratio of AC to 1#TPU is 1:30, the foaming temperature is 215 degrees, and the foaming time is 4min. The best effect is achieved. The cell diameter is 232 m, the pore size is uniform, the apparent density is 0.35 g/cm3, the tensile strength is 2.8MPa, and the tensile strength is reduced by 30%. In addition, the rheological properties of 1#TPU melt were tested. On this basis, the performance of TPU foaming process was analyzed. The decomposition temperature of foaming agent AC is relatively high for the low hardness of TPU, in order to reduce the decomposition temperature of AC, added to the AC foaming agent, sodium bicarbonate, urea additive in organic zinc salt configuration composite modified foaming agent, the initial comparison of different modified composite foaming agent decomposition temperature, decomposition temperature and rate of gas burst through drainage the amount of gas method and thermogravimetric analysis, to analyze the effect of AC foaming agent decomposition of additives. The study found that urea altered decomposition process of AC, reduce the temperature and rate of gas decomposition of AC, AC and urea when the mass ratio of 1:0.8 is better; sodium bicarbonate reduces the decomposition temperature of AC, improve the rate of gas, when the mass ratio of 1:0.3: AC of sodium bicarbonate is better; the decomposition process of organic zinc salt the AC plays a role when the AC activation, organic zinc salt is better when the mass ratio of 1:0.2. Finally, the compound modified foaming agent AC: urea: sodium bicarbonate: organic zinc salt mass ratio 1:0.8:0.3:0.2, AC foaming agent initial decomposition temperature decreased from 205 to 155 degrees, the burst temperature segment decreased from 215~225 to 165~185 degrees, and the gas generation rate increased from 160ml/g to 175ml/g. Based on the effect of urea on the compound modified foaming agent, a compound modified foaming agent I and a compound modified foaming agent II were arranged and used for the foaming of different TPU. The processing properties of different TPU were analyzed by DSC and melt index. At the same time, thermogravimetric analysis of composite modified blowing agent I and composite modified blowing agent II was carried out. It was found that the decomposition process of composite modified foaming agent was slower and the decomposition rate was slow, so that the samples with uniform pore size were easy to make. Compared with the foaming sample of composite modified foaming agent I and composite modified foaming agent II, the foaming sample of composite modified foaming agent I has more compact pores, higher tensile strength and better effect. The foaming effect of 2#TPU is better, the diameter of the bubble hole is 142 u m, the bubble hole is uniform and fine, the apparent density is 0.7g/cm3, the tensile strength is 1.3 MPa, and the tensile strength decreases by 40%. The foaming process is as follows: the mass ratio of compound modified foaming agent I and 2#TPU is 1:32, the foaming temperature is 185 C, and the foaming time is 1min. Through the production of screw extruder for lofting test, it is found that the process is stable and repeatability is good. The diameter of the obtained sample is 140 micron m, the pore density is uniform and dense, the apparent density is 0.69 g/cm3, the tensile strength is 1.33 MPa, and the tensile strength is reduced by 36%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TQ328;TB383.2

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