【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)通用航空市場(chǎng)的不斷推動(dòng)以及低空開(kāi)放進(jìn)程的逐步推進(jìn),通用航空必將迎來(lái)新的發(fā)展契機(jī)。本文研究旨在面向復(fù)雜低空空域,通過(guò)采用數(shù)學(xué)建模與仿真分析相結(jié)合的方法,探索各類通用航空飛行群體交互過(guò)程中蘊(yùn)含的基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)問(wèn)題,揭示復(fù)雜低空飛行態(tài)勢(shì)安全性基本規(guī)律,以期為復(fù)雜低空混合飛行科學(xué)監(jiān)控、通用航空安全運(yùn)行提供部分理論和方法支持。首先,明確了復(fù)雜低空定義及其內(nèi)涵,在此基礎(chǔ)上分別從物理空間、保障服務(wù)角度概述了復(fù)雜低空運(yùn)行環(huán)境,結(jié)合國(guó)內(nèi)外通用航空發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢(shì),選取空中游覽、運(yùn)輸作業(yè)、公務(wù)飛行、搶險(xiǎn)救災(zāi)等四類典型通用航空飛行活動(dòng)作為研究對(duì)象,并詳細(xì)分析了飛行活動(dòng)特點(diǎn)及低空飛行安全主要影響要素。其次,依據(jù)通航活動(dòng)飛行特點(diǎn)和通用航空器性能,構(gòu)建了通用航空器基本飛行行為模型、飛行沖突探測(cè)模型,基于人工勢(shì)場(chǎng)法的航空器與非航空器間飛行沖突避讓模型,基于調(diào)速、調(diào)航向、調(diào)高度的航空器間飛行沖突避讓模型;依據(jù)低空飛行相關(guān)規(guī)定,構(gòu)建了基于優(yōu)先級(jí)的通用航空器群體飛行規(guī)則模型;基于Agent建模與技術(shù),創(chuàng)建低空環(huán)境Agent以及通用航空器Agent,實(shí)現(xiàn)了通用航空器間以及通用航空器與低空環(huán)境間的交互;基于NetLogo搭建了復(fù)雜低空飛行態(tài)勢(shì)仿真平臺(tái)。最后,提取復(fù)雜低空飛行態(tài)勢(shì)安全性關(guān)鍵參數(shù),并基于復(fù)雜低空飛行態(tài)勢(shì)仿真平臺(tái)進(jìn)行仿真分析,挖掘飛行量、沖突數(shù)、沖突時(shí)長(zhǎng)、調(diào)高度數(shù)、平均間隔、平均速度改變量、平均航向改變量等參數(shù)間的相互關(guān)系,探索復(fù)雜低空飛行態(tài)勢(shì)安全性基本規(guī)律,以及飛行規(guī)則、惡劣天氣等因素對(duì)飛行態(tài)勢(shì)安全性的影響規(guī)律。仿真結(jié)果表明:飛行量與沖突數(shù)及沖突時(shí)長(zhǎng)之間,調(diào)高度數(shù)與沖突數(shù)之間存在非線性關(guān)系;平均間隔的波動(dòng)變化隨著飛行量的增加而逐漸減小;當(dāng)飛行量不斷增加時(shí),平均速度改變量先增加后減小,而平均航向改變量先增加后逐漸趨于穩(wěn)定;合理設(shè)置飛行參數(shù)有利于低空空域的平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行。
[Abstract]:With the continuous promotion of the general aviation market and the gradual advancement of the low-level open process, the general aviation will usher in a new development opportunity. The purpose of this study is to face the complex low-altitude airspace and to explore the basic scientific problems contained in the interactive process of all kinds of general aviation flight group by using the method of mathematical modeling and simulation analysis, and to reveal the basic law of the safety of complex low-altitude flight situation. In ord to provide some theory and method support for complex low-altitude mixed-flight scientific monitoring and general aviation safety operation. First, it is clear that the complex low-altitude definition and its connotation, on this basis, the complex low-altitude operation environment is summarized from the physical space and the guarantee service angle, and the air tour, the transportation operation and the official flight are selected in combination with the present situation and the development trend of the general aviation development at home and abroad, The four typical general aviation flying activities, such as the rescue and disaster relief, are used as the research object, and the characteristics of the flying activities and the main influencing factors of the low-altitude flight safety are analyzed in detail. secondly, according to the flight characteristics of the navigation activities and the performance of the general aircraft, a general aircraft basic flight behavior model, a flight collision detection model, an aircraft and a non-aircraft flight collision avoidance model based on the artificial potential field method are constructed, The invention relates to an inter-aircraft flight collision avoidance model of a height-adjusting height, And the interaction between the general aircraft and the low-altitude environment is realized; and the complex low-space flight situation simulation platform is built on the basis of the NetLogo. finally, the key parameters of the complex low-space flight situation safety are extracted, and the simulation analysis is carried out on the basis of the complex low-space flight situation simulation platform, The relationship between the parameters such as the average course change, the basic law of the safety of the complex low-space flight situation, and the influence of the flight rules and the bad weather on the safety of the flight situation are explored. The simulation results show that there is a non-linear relationship between the amount of flight and the number of collisions and the duration of the conflict, the variation of the average interval decreases with the increase of the amount of flight, and when the amount of flight is increasing, the change of the average velocity is first increased and then decreases. And the average course change amount is gradually stabilized, and the reasonable setting of the flight parameters is favorable for the smooth operation of the low-altitude airspace.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：V328

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本文編號(hào)：2502616