【摘要】：安全是民航工作永恒的主題,隨著航空運(yùn)量的大幅度增加,我國航空運(yùn)輸?shù)陌踩芾砉ぷ髅媾R更大的挑戰(zhàn)。一直以來,防止事故的發(fā)生是安全管理的核心工作,而其中一項(xiàng)重要的工作就是對航空事故的調(diào)查與分析,即通過詳細(xì)的事故調(diào)查,找出行業(yè)在安全方面存在的漏洞,進(jìn)而加以完善。國外一直十分重視事故調(diào)查研究工作,每個(gè)航空發(fā)達(dá)國家都建立了多個(gè)航空事故數(shù)據(jù)庫,為其航空安全及飛機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)方面提供了許多寶貴的數(shù)據(jù)。目前國內(nèi)已開展了一些航空事故的調(diào)查研究工作,并探索了建立數(shù)據(jù)庫的方法,但針對民機(jī)墜撞事故的調(diào)查研究及其應(yīng)用仍未涉及。本文借鑒航空發(fā)達(dá)國家運(yùn)輸航空事故調(diào)查的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn),開展民用航空事故調(diào)查系統(tǒng)研究及應(yīng)用,著眼于航空事故中比較受到關(guān)注的墜撞事故建立了相應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)庫,并在其基礎(chǔ)上開展了兩個(gè)方面的研究。一是對數(shù)據(jù)庫中影響事故乘員生存率的各參數(shù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,確定了各參數(shù)對乘員生存率的影響,然后針對飛機(jī)墜撞前的動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)研究確定了民機(jī)墜撞事故生存力包線。二是將研究得到的飛機(jī)墜撞動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)作為輸入條件對機(jī)身及航空座椅中的薄壁吸能結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了有限元仿真研究,并依據(jù)吸能特性差異分析結(jié)果,對飛機(jī)的吸能結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)提出了一些改進(jìn)建議。本文是對民機(jī)墜撞安全性方面的一個(gè)基礎(chǔ)性研究,相關(guān)成果對保障我國航空安全和飛機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)水平的提高具有一定的參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Safety is the eternal theme of civil aviation work. With the increase of air traffic volume, the safety management of air transportation in China is facing greater challenges. For a long time, the prevention of accidents has been the core work of safety management, and one of the important tasks is the investigation and analysis of aviation accidents, that is, through detailed accident investigation, to find out the loopholes in the safety of the industry. And then improve it. Foreign countries have always attached great importance to accident investigation and research. Each aviation developed country has established a number of aviation accident databases, which provides a lot of valuable data for its aviation safety and aircraft design. At present, some investigation and research work on aviation accidents has been carried out in China, and the method of establishing database has been explored, but the investigation and application of civil aircraft crash accidents have not yet been involved. In this paper, based on the advanced experience of transportation aviation accident investigation in developed countries, the research and application of civil aviation accident investigation system are carried out, and the corresponding database is established with a view to the collision accident which has attracted more attention in aviation accident. On the basis of it, two aspects of research are carried out. First, the parameters that affect the survival rate of accident occupants in the database are statistically analyzed, and the influence of each parameter on the survival rate of passengers is determined, and then the survivability envelope of civil aircraft crash accident is determined according to the dynamic parameters before the crash. Second, the finite element simulation of the thin-wall energy absorption structure in the fuselage and the aviation seat is carried out by using the aircraft crash dynamics parameters as the input condition, and according to the results of the difference analysis of the energy absorption characteristics, the finite element simulation of the thin-wall energy absorption structure in the fuselage and aviation seat is carried out. Some suggestions for improving the energy absorption structure design of aircraft are put forward. This paper is a basic research on the safety of civil aircraft crash, and the related results have certain reference value for ensuring the aviation safety and the improvement of aircraft structure design level in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國民航大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：V328.2

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本文編號：2496057