【摘要】：能源與環(huán)境問題的雙重壓力下，自然通風(fēng)技術(shù)逐漸受到人們的關(guān)注，合理的應(yīng)用自然通風(fēng)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可以取代或者部分取代空調(diào)技術(shù)，改善人們生活、工作的熱濕環(huán)境，從而達(dá)到節(jié)能的目的。目前對(duì)于自然通風(fēng)的研究許多是基于穩(wěn)態(tài)邊界條件下的，而實(shí)際自然風(fēng)風(fēng)速不是恒定不變的，而是隨時(shí)間呈現(xiàn)的表面看似無規(guī)律卻內(nèi)部存在自身規(guī)律的隨機(jī)波動(dòng)風(fēng)。 本文首先分析了自然風(fēng)的特性，尤其是對(duì)自然風(fēng)的波動(dòng)特性進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹，分析了自然風(fēng)的自相關(guān)性，同時(shí)也對(duì)目前自然風(fēng)的幾種預(yù)測(cè)模型進(jìn)行了總結(jié)研究。 其次在分析自然風(fēng)特性的基礎(chǔ)上，利用蒙特卡羅GARCH（1,1）數(shù)學(xué)模型，以長(zhǎng)沙市典型年氣象數(shù)據(jù)為依據(jù)，預(yù)測(cè)出時(shí)間間隔為1min的風(fēng)速分布值。為比較不同風(fēng)速邊界對(duì)自然通風(fēng)效果的影響，建立單區(qū)兩開口自然通風(fēng)建筑模型，考慮恒定風(fēng)速、正弦風(fēng)速、預(yù)測(cè)隨機(jī)風(fēng)速三種不同的邊界條件，計(jì)算比較室內(nèi)溫度、通風(fēng)小時(shí)數(shù)及通風(fēng)節(jié)能情況。 居住建筑一般通過內(nèi)隔墻將一個(gè)大空間分割成包括客廳、臥室、廚房、衛(wèi)生間等多個(gè)房間，各個(gè)房間之間通過門來連通，通風(fēng)相互影響，不同的開窗行為將形成室內(nèi)不同的通風(fēng)方式。因此，在本文最后，，以預(yù)測(cè)隨機(jī)風(fēng)作為風(fēng)速邊界條件，利用Airpak軟件對(duì)不同開窗行為下的居住建筑進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬。利用室內(nèi)氣流組織和室內(nèi)通風(fēng)量作為非穩(wěn)態(tài)通風(fēng)的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)，分析比較了不同的開窗行為對(duì)居住建筑室內(nèi)通風(fēng)效果的影響，最后指出自然通風(fēng)與建筑能耗在確定建筑朝向上的矛盾，提出考慮自然通風(fēng)的建筑能耗綜合期望值，確定建筑最佳朝向。
[Abstract]:Under the dual pressure of energy and environment, natural ventilation technology has been paid more and more attention. The reasonable application of natural ventilation technology can replace or partly replace air conditioning technology and improve the hot and humid environment in which people live and work. In order to achieve the purpose of energy conservation. At present, many studies on natural ventilation are based on steady-state boundary conditions, but the actual natural wind speed is not constant, but the surface appears irregular with time but has its own law of random fluctuation wind. In this paper, the characteristics of natural wind, especially the fluctuation characteristics of natural wind, are introduced in detail, and the autocorrelation of natural wind is analyzed. At the same time, several prediction models of natural wind are summarized and studied. Secondly, on the basis of analyzing the characteristics of natural wind, using Monte Carlo GARCH (1, 1) mathematical model, based on the typical annual meteorological data of Changsha City, the wind speed distribution value with time interval of 1min is predicted. In order to compare the influence of different wind speed boundaries on natural ventilation effect, a single area and two opening natural ventilation building model is established. Three different boundary conditions, constant wind speed, sinusoidal wind speed and prediction of random wind speed, are considered, and the indoor temperature is calculated and compared. Ventilation hours and ventilation energy saving. Residential buildings generally divide a large space into living rooms, bedrooms, kitchens, bathrooms and other rooms through the inner partition wall. Each room is connected through the door, and the ventilation affects each other. Different window opening behavior will form different ventilation methods in the room. Therefore, at the end of this paper, the predicted random wind is used as the wind speed boundary condition, and the Airpak software is used to simulate the residential buildings under different window opening behavior. Using indoor air distribution and indoor ventilation as the evaluation index of unstable ventilation, the effects of different window opening behavior on indoor ventilation effect of residential buildings are analyzed and compared. Finally, the contradiction between natural ventilation and building energy consumption in determining building orientation is pointed out, and the comprehensive expected value of building energy consumption considering natural ventilation is put forward to determine the best direction of building.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU834.1;TU119

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