【摘要】：瓦斯事故的突發(fā)性、不確定性嚴(yán)重影響了煤礦的安全生產(chǎn)，經(jīng)過(guò)調(diào)研得知，采空區(qū)是唯一能夠存儲(chǔ)大量游離態(tài)瓦斯的區(qū)域，是瓦斯災(zāi)害隱患的重要區(qū)域之一，因此掌握采空區(qū)瓦斯區(qū)域分布規(guī)律，對(duì)于有效的防控瓦斯災(zāi)害和瓦斯高效利用有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文依托河北省科技支撐項(xiàng)目“煤礦采空區(qū)瓦斯爆炸地點(diǎn)的預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)報(bào)研究”、汾西礦務(wù)局重大技術(shù)攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目“煤炭自燃發(fā)火標(biāo)志性氣體實(shí)驗(yàn)研究”和“工作面瓦斯煤炭自燃綜合治理技術(shù)開發(fā)”，運(yùn)用瓦斯爆炸理論、礦壓理論、礦井通風(fēng)理論、瓦斯?jié)B流擴(kuò)散理論及相似原理，對(duì)采空區(qū)瓦斯流場(chǎng)及其分布規(guī)律進(jìn)行研究。 在實(shí)驗(yàn)室采用自制的采空區(qū)流場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)，以煙氣作為示蹤氣體模擬采空區(qū)瓦斯流場(chǎng)的運(yùn)移規(guī)律和濃度梯度分布規(guī)律；采用自制的瓦斯?jié)B流擴(kuò)散試驗(yàn)臺(tái)，模擬瓦斯在采空區(qū)內(nèi)滲流的速度；根據(jù)上述試驗(yàn)研究以及現(xiàn)實(shí)生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中采空區(qū)頂板垮落壓實(shí)情況，將采空區(qū)瓦斯流場(chǎng)分為：“強(qiáng)流區(qū)”、“滲流區(qū)”和“非滲流區(qū)”三區(qū)。在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中開采造成的巖層移動(dòng)情況，即上覆巖層的跨落和地面的塌陷對(duì)采空區(qū)瓦斯流場(chǎng)的擾動(dòng)和擠壓，將會(huì)造成采空區(qū)的瓦斯流動(dòng)，有可能產(chǎn)生爆炸。根據(jù)煤炭自燃引爆瓦斯的觀點(diǎn)和“U”型發(fā)火區(qū)理論，，可以確定采空區(qū)“瓦斯易爆區(qū)”主要存在于采空區(qū)瓦斯“滲流區(qū)”的上下兩巷的冒落帶內(nèi)。 在上述實(shí)驗(yàn)研究和理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)汾西潤(rùn)泰井礦正明煤業(yè)有限公司0401工作面采空區(qū)瓦斯進(jìn)行了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)。采用采空區(qū)布管和氣相色譜儀檢測(cè)各管路中抽出氣體的成分以及所占比例的方法，根據(jù)檢測(cè)到的CH4的濃度對(duì)采空區(qū)進(jìn)行三區(qū)劃分；根據(jù)檢測(cè)到的烴類氣體成分對(duì)采空區(qū)瓦斯易爆區(qū)域的位置進(jìn)行確定，并對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)建立的瓦斯流場(chǎng)模型進(jìn)行修正，印證了采空區(qū)瓦斯區(qū)域劃分研究的科學(xué)性、合理性，從而為煤礦生產(chǎn)中采空區(qū)瓦斯災(zāi)害的防控工作和高效抽采提供了理論參考。
[Abstract]:The sudden occurrence and uncertainty of gas accident seriously affect the safety of coal mine production. Through investigation and investigation, it is found that goaf is the only area where a large amount of free gas can be stored, and it is one of the important areas of hidden danger of gas disaster. Therefore, mastering the regional distribution law of gas in goaf is of great theoretical and practical significance for the effective prevention and control of gas disasters and the efficient utilization of gas. Based on the science and technology support project of Hebei Province, this paper relies on the prediction and prediction of gas explosion site in goaf of coal mine. The major technical research projects of Fenxi Mining Bureau, "Experimental study on iconic Gas of Coal spontaneous Combustion" and "Development of Comprehensive Control Technology for spontaneous Combustion of Gas and Coal in working face", apply gas explosion theory, mine pressure theory and mine ventilation theory. The gas flow field and its distribution in goaf are studied by gas seepage diffusion theory and similarity principle. In the laboratory, a self-made goaf flow field test-bed was used to simulate the migration law and concentration gradient distribution of gas flow field in goaf by using flue gas as tracer gas. A self-made gas seepage diffusion test bed is used to simulate the seepage velocity of gas in goaf. According to the above experimental study and the compaction of roof in goaf, the gas flow field in goaf is divided into three areas: "strong current area", "seepage area" and "non-seepage area". The movement of rock strata caused by mining in the production process, that is, the disturbance and extrusion of gas flow field in goaf caused by the fall of overlying strata and the collapse of ground, will cause gas flow in goaf and may cause explosion. According to the viewpoint of spontaneous combustion of coal and the theory of "U" type firing area, it can be determined that the "gas explosive area" in goaf mainly exists in the caving zone of the upper and lower alleys in the "seepage area" of goaf. On the basis of the above experimental research and theoretical analysis, the field measurement of gas in goaf of 0401 working face of Fenxi Runtai Mine Zhengming Coal Industry Co., Ltd is carried out. The goaf is divided into three areas according to the concentration of CH4 by using the method of pipe arrangement in goaf and gas chromatograph to detect the composition and proportion of the extracted gas in each pipeline. According to the detected hydrocarbon gas composition, the position of gas explosive area in goaf is determined, and the gas flow field model established by experiment is modified, which proves that the research on gas division in goaf is scientific and reasonable. Therefore, it provides a theoretical reference for the prevention and control of gas disaster in goaf and high efficiency extraction in coal mine production.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TD712

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