【摘要】：隨著世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的蓬勃發(fā)展，作者國(guó)城市化速度在不斷地加快，，城市交通的重要性日益突出。作為城市交通的重要組成部分，城市地下道路占有越來(lái)越重要的位置。然而，由于地下道路處于相對(duì)封閉的空間環(huán)境中，當(dāng)發(fā)生突發(fā)事件時(shí)，地下道路的緊急救援與車(chē)輛及人員疏散相對(duì)于地面道路難度要大很多，所以地下道路的緊急疏散是一個(gè)很復(fù)雜、難度很大的課題。目前，關(guān)于城市地下道路應(yīng)急疏散能力評(píng)價(jià)方面的研究還不多，如何建立符合作者國(guó)地下道路運(yùn)營(yíng)的應(yīng)急管理系統(tǒng)，建立系統(tǒng)科學(xué)的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系，準(zhǔn)確有效地對(duì)地下道路的應(yīng)急疏散的能力進(jìn)行客觀評(píng)價(jià)，不僅能夠?yàn)槌鞘械叵碌缆返膽?yīng)急疏散相關(guān)設(shè)施的設(shè)計(jì)和管理方法提供改善措施，也有助于在地下道路的建設(shè)過(guò)程中相關(guān)管理人員作出正確的決策，具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文在通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究現(xiàn)狀分析的基礎(chǔ)上，圍繞城市地下道路應(yīng)急疏散能力評(píng)價(jià)進(jìn)行了以下研究： 首先，對(duì)城市地下道路進(jìn)行了相關(guān)分析研究，主要包括城市地下道路的定義以及其在交通系統(tǒng)中的地位；城市地下道路的特點(diǎn)以及突發(fā)事件的類(lèi)型和特征；典型的突發(fā)事件（交通事故）產(chǎn)生的原因進(jìn)行分析研究；基于災(zāi)害理論，對(duì)影響城市地下道路風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的因素進(jìn)行分析總結(jié)。 然后，在對(duì)疏散理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)影響城市地下道路應(yīng)急疏散能力的因素進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的分析，并設(shè)計(jì)了地下道路應(yīng)急疏散評(píng)價(jià)的思路。 其次，建立城市地下道路應(yīng)急疏散評(píng)價(jià)模型，包括與城市地下道路應(yīng)急疏散能力相關(guān)的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的選取、指標(biāo)權(quán)重的確定方法以及模型與方法的選擇與應(yīng)用。并分別利用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)法及模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)法計(jì)算城市地下道路應(yīng)急疏散能力，構(gòu)建了基于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)模型。 最后以具體的城市地下環(huán)道為例來(lái)計(jì)算其應(yīng)急疏散能力，并參考相應(yīng)的等級(jí)劃分對(duì)其分類(lèi)，提出相應(yīng)的加強(qiáng)應(yīng)急疏散能力的建議，為地下環(huán)道的實(shí)際運(yùn)營(yíng)管理的改進(jìn)提供了理論依據(jù)，進(jìn)而驗(yàn)證了基于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)模型的適用性。
[Abstract]:With the vigorous development of the world economy, the urbanization speed of the author country is speeding up, and the importance of urban transportation is becoming more and more prominent. As an important part of urban traffic, urban underground road occupies a more and more important position. However, because the underground road is in a relatively closed space environment, when an emergency occurs, the emergency rescue of the underground road and the evacuation of vehicles and people are much more difficult than the road on the ground. So the emergency evacuation of underground road is a very complicated and difficult subject. At present, there are few studies on the evaluation of the emergency evacuation capacity of urban underground roads. How to establish an emergency management system in accordance with the operation of underground roads in the author's country, and to establish a systematic and scientific evaluation index system, Accurate and effective evaluation of the ability of emergency evacuation of underground roads can not only provide improvement measures for the design and management of emergency evacuation facilities of urban underground roads, but also provide improvement measures for the design and management of emergency evacuation facilities of urban underground roads. It is also helpful for the relevant managers to make correct decisions in the process of underground road construction, which is of great theoretical and practical significance. Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign relevant research status, this paper makes the following studies around the evaluation of emergency evacuation capacity of urban underground roads: firstly, the related analysis of urban underground roads is carried out. It mainly includes the definition of urban underground road and its position in the traffic system; The characteristics of urban underground roads, the types and characteristics of emergencies, the causes of typical emergencies (traffic accidents) are analyzed and studied, and based on the disaster theory, the factors affecting the risk of urban underground roads are analyzed and summarized. Then, based on the analysis of evacuation theory, the factors affecting the emergency evacuation ability of urban underground roads are analyzed systematically, and the train of thought of emergency evacuation evaluation of underground roads is designed. Secondly, an evaluation model for emergency evacuation of urban underground roads is established, including the selection of evaluation indexes related to the capacity of emergency evacuation of urban underground roads, the determination of index weights, and the selection and application of models and methods. The risk assessment method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method are used to calculate the emergency evacuation capacity of urban underground roads, and a risk-based fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is constructed. Finally, take the concrete urban underground ring road as an example to calculate its emergency evacuation capacity, and refer to the corresponding classification to classify it, and put forward the corresponding suggestions to strengthen the emergency evacuation capacity. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the improvement of the actual operation and management of underground ring roads, and then validates the applicability of the risk-based fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U492.8

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