【摘要】：對于特厚煤層綜放開采條件下上覆巖層的破壞特點國內(nèi)外研究較少，而上覆巖層的運動、破斷直接涉及到導(dǎo)水裂隙帶發(fā)育高度，能使位于開采范圍內(nèi)的地表水、地下水潰入井下，威脅著井下作業(yè)的安全。因此，研究特厚煤層上覆巖層的移動和破壞規(guī)律具有重要的經(jīng)濟效益和社會意義。 本文針對彬長礦區(qū)胡家河煤礦工程地質(zhì)條件，利用物理相似模擬試驗方法對不同采高條件下（10m、8m、6m），綜放開采過程進行了研究，分析了上覆巖層采動過程中巖體運移規(guī)律和裂隙擴展規(guī)律，導(dǎo)水裂隙帶發(fā)展高度約為采高的14～18倍，從而確定合理的開采高度為4.8～7.9m之間。 采用有限差分數(shù)值模擬方法對富水覆巖特厚煤層綜放開采覆巖破壞規(guī)律進行了模擬研究，分析了采動過程覆巖的破壞場、應(yīng)力場，以及在不同采寬條件下導(dǎo)水裂隙帶高度變化，給出首采區(qū)工作面合理工作面斜長為160～180m。 以實驗和現(xiàn)場調(diào)查為依托，結(jié)合頂板“三帶”理論，建立垮落帶和裂隙帶數(shù)學(xué)模型，計算分析影響兩帶高度的相關(guān)物理量之間的關(guān)系，分析其最終形態(tài)數(shù)學(xué)原理。在此基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合實際分析了影響導(dǎo)水裂隙帶高度的主要因素有工作面開采長度、采厚、工作面斜長、巖層巖性。同時分析了富水覆巖的三種基本結(jié)構(gòu)，給出綜放開采條件下覆巖運動結(jié)構(gòu)拱-梁結(jié)構(gòu)，運動實質(zhì)上是拱結(jié)構(gòu)向梁結(jié)構(gòu)的運動轉(zhuǎn)換過程。 根據(jù)實驗?zāi)M結(jié)果，結(jié)合胡家河礦首采工作面地質(zhì)條件，采用多元線性回歸分析了影響導(dǎo)水裂隙帶高度的各因素之間量的關(guān)系，給出相應(yīng)的計算公式，并與生產(chǎn)單位實際情況相比較，準確性較高，，可靠性較好，具有一定的參考意義。
[Abstract]:The failure characteristics of overlying strata under the condition of fully mechanized caving mining in extra thick coal seam are less studied at home and abroad, and the movement of overlying strata is directly related to the development height of water diversion fracture zone, which can make the surface water located in the mining area. The underground water collapses into the underground, threatening the safety of the underground operation. Therefore, it is of great economic benefit and social significance to study the law of movement and failure of overlying strata in extra-thick coal seam. According to the engineering geological conditions of Hujiahe Coal Mine in Binchang Mining area, the process of fully mechanized caving mining under different mining heights (10m, 8m, 6m) was studied by means of physical similarity simulation test method. The law of rock mass migration and fracture propagation during mining in overlying strata is analyzed. The development height of water diversion fracture zone is about 14 times higher than that of mining height, so that the reasonable mining height is between 4.8 m and 7.9 m. In this paper, finite difference numerical simulation method is used to simulate the failure law of overlying rock in fully mechanized top-coal caving mining with water-rich overlying rock and extra-thick coal seam. The failure field, stress field and height change of water-conducting fracture zone in different mining width are analyzed. The reasonable slope length of the working face in the first mining area is 160 m 180 m. On the basis of experiment and field investigation, combined with the theory of "three zones" of roof, the mathematical models of collapse zone and fracture zone are established. The relationship between the physical quantities affecting the height of the two zones is calculated and analyzed, and the mathematical principle of final shape is analyzed. On this basis, combined with the actual analysis of the water diversion fracture zone height of the main factors are working face mining length, mining thickness, face slope length, rock lithology. At the same time, three basic structures of water-rich overlying rock are analyzed, and the arch-beam structure of overlying rock motion structure under the condition of fully mechanized top-coal caving mining is given. In essence, the movement is the movement transformation process from arch structure to beam structure. According to the experimental simulation results, combined with the geological conditions of the first mining face of Hujiahe Mine, the relationship between the factors affecting the height of the water diversion fracture zone is analyzed by multiple linear regression, and the corresponding calculation formula is given. And compared with the actual situation of the production unit, the accuracy is higher, the reliability is better, and has certain reference significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TD823.254;TD742

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