事故致因理論在化工企業(yè)安全評價中的應用研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-04-04 08:58
【摘要】：本文針對化工企業(yè)事故頻發(fā)的現狀,研究和應用多種定性定量評價方法,對其進行安全評價,分析計算導致事故發(fā)生的危險有害因素,確認系統(tǒng)發(fā)生危險的嚴重程度及危害等級,提出必要的安全防治措施,實現了事故預防、提前控制的目的。 首先通過對安全評價的研究,運用系統(tǒng)安全工程的理論對化工企業(yè)發(fā)生的重大而典型事故進行分類統(tǒng)計,并從人員、機器設備、環(huán)境和管理幾方面進行了系統(tǒng)安全性分析,并進一步總結了化工企業(yè)危險有害因素的種類和辨識對象。 分析總結國內外對安全評價技術的研究和運用,根據現代事故致因理論,對化工企業(yè)安全評價的多種方法進行總結與分析,比較其優(yōu)劣。通過選擇與系統(tǒng)各單元最相適應的評價方法,尤其針對事故危險性大、發(fā)生頻率高的因素,確定其危險特性與傷害,提出控制措施,最終建立安全評價模式。從而達到全面、具體、合理地進行安全評價工作,補充國內現今評價工作的不足。 針對化工企業(yè)的特點及其危險性,運用多種評價方法對其危險有害因素進行定性和定量分析,確定其直接因素和潛在因素,尤其是辨識重大危險源。針對所提出的方法學基礎,以及安全評價模式,以燕京啤酒有限公司進行的一次技術改造為例進行安全評價。理論聯系實際,評價方法可靠、結果真實,防治措施合理,對該企業(yè)的安全生產有一定促進作用。 對化工企業(yè)綜合運用安全評價方法是極其重要的,通過多種安全評價方法的使用,可以有效的辨識系統(tǒng)中可能的直接因素與潛在因素,確定其危險程度及等級,最終提出相應的防治措施,從而預防事故的發(fā)生。針對建筑場地、布置和工藝設備等方面,提高技術,加強安全管理,加強人員培訓和宣傳教育,最終實現化工企業(yè)的安全生產。
[Abstract]:In view of the present situation of frequent accidents in chemical enterprises, this paper studies and applies a variety of qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods to evaluate the safety of chemical enterprises, and analyzes and calculates the dangerous and harmful factors that lead to the occurrence of accidents. In order to realize the purpose of accident prevention and control in advance, this paper confirms the severity and grade of danger in the system, and puts forward the necessary measures of safety prevention. First of all, through the study of safety evaluation, this paper uses the theory of system safety engineering to classify and statistics the major and typical accidents in chemical enterprises, and analyzes the system safety from the aspects of personnel, machinery and equipment, environment and management, and makes a systematic safety analysis from the aspects of personnel, machinery and equipment, environment and management. Furthermore, the types and identification objects of hazardous factors in chemical enterprises are summarized. This paper summarizes the research and application of safety assessment technology at home and abroad. According to the modern accident cause theory, it summarizes and analyzes various methods of safety assessment in chemical enterprises, and compares its advantages and disadvantages. By selecting the most suitable evaluation method for each unit of the system, especially in view of the factors of high accident risk and high frequency of occurrence, the hazard characteristics and injuries are determined, and the control measures are put forward. Finally, the safety assessment mode is established. In order to achieve a comprehensive, specific, reasonable safety evaluation work, supplement the current domestic evaluation work deficiencies. In view of the characteristics and risks of chemical enterprises, qualitative and quantitative analysis of the dangerous and harmful factors are carried out by using a variety of evaluation methods to determine the direct and potential factors, especially the identification of the major hazard sources. In view of the proposed methodological basis and safety assessment model, the safety evaluation is carried out by taking a technical transformation carried out by Yanjing Beer Co., Ltd as an example. Combining theory with practice, the evaluation method is reliable, the result is true, and the prevention and cure measures are reasonable, which can promote the safe production of the enterprise to a certain extent. It is very important for chemical enterprises to use comprehensive safety assessment methods. Through the use of multiple safety assessment methods, the possible direct factors and potential factors in the system can be effectively identified, and the hazard degree and grade can be determined. Finally, the corresponding prevention measures are put forward to prevent the occurrence of accidents. To improve the technology, strengthen the safety management, strengthen the personnel training and propaganda and education, and finally realize the safety production of the chemical enterprises, aiming at the construction site, arrangement and craft equipment etc.
【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：X913;X937
本文編號：2453664
[Abstract]:In view of the present situation of frequent accidents in chemical enterprises, this paper studies and applies a variety of qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods to evaluate the safety of chemical enterprises, and analyzes and calculates the dangerous and harmful factors that lead to the occurrence of accidents. In order to realize the purpose of accident prevention and control in advance, this paper confirms the severity and grade of danger in the system, and puts forward the necessary measures of safety prevention. First of all, through the study of safety evaluation, this paper uses the theory of system safety engineering to classify and statistics the major and typical accidents in chemical enterprises, and analyzes the system safety from the aspects of personnel, machinery and equipment, environment and management, and makes a systematic safety analysis from the aspects of personnel, machinery and equipment, environment and management. Furthermore, the types and identification objects of hazardous factors in chemical enterprises are summarized. This paper summarizes the research and application of safety assessment technology at home and abroad. According to the modern accident cause theory, it summarizes and analyzes various methods of safety assessment in chemical enterprises, and compares its advantages and disadvantages. By selecting the most suitable evaluation method for each unit of the system, especially in view of the factors of high accident risk and high frequency of occurrence, the hazard characteristics and injuries are determined, and the control measures are put forward. Finally, the safety assessment mode is established. In order to achieve a comprehensive, specific, reasonable safety evaluation work, supplement the current domestic evaluation work deficiencies. In view of the characteristics and risks of chemical enterprises, qualitative and quantitative analysis of the dangerous and harmful factors are carried out by using a variety of evaluation methods to determine the direct and potential factors, especially the identification of the major hazard sources. In view of the proposed methodological basis and safety assessment model, the safety evaluation is carried out by taking a technical transformation carried out by Yanjing Beer Co., Ltd as an example. Combining theory with practice, the evaluation method is reliable, the result is true, and the prevention and cure measures are reasonable, which can promote the safe production of the enterprise to a certain extent. It is very important for chemical enterprises to use comprehensive safety assessment methods. Through the use of multiple safety assessment methods, the possible direct factors and potential factors in the system can be effectively identified, and the hazard degree and grade can be determined. Finally, the corresponding prevention measures are put forward to prevent the occurrence of accidents. To improve the technology, strengthen the safety management, strengthen the personnel training and propaganda and education, and finally realize the safety production of the chemical enterprises, aiming at the construction site, arrangement and craft equipment etc.
【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：X913;X937
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