【摘要】：中國經(jīng)濟(jì)在未來十年會(huì)處于高速發(fā)展期，建筑業(yè)也會(huì)隨之快速發(fā)展。隨著建筑業(yè)不斷發(fā)展，高層建筑日益增多，也帶來諸多問題。其中，高層建筑施工中安全事故時(shí)有發(fā)生，給社會(huì)造成很大影響。在此背景下，對(duì)高層建筑施工的安全評(píng)價(jià)研究是十分必要的。本文以高層建筑項(xiàng)目為研究對(duì)象，圍繞高層建筑施工安全評(píng)價(jià)體系的構(gòu)建進(jìn)行研究，做了以下幾方面工作： （1）借鑒危險(xiǎn)源和安全事故致因理論探尋了高層建筑施工事故成因機(jī)理，指出影響高層建筑施工安全的主要因子。通過應(yīng)用危險(xiǎn)源理論，分析出施工主要階段的危險(xiǎn)源；對(duì)2010-2012年49例較大高層建筑施工事故案例進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)，研究事故發(fā)生機(jī)理；對(duì)較大高層建筑施工安全事故進(jìn)行分類，探尋各事故類型的成因與特征，并分析出影響高層建筑施工安全的主要4個(gè)方面。 （2）基于安全事故致因理論，構(gòu)建了高層建筑施工安全評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系。通過瀏覽相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)和咨詢專家，遴選適合應(yīng)用且反映全面的指標(biāo)，，建立了適合于施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)各階段的安全評(píng)價(jià)的指標(biāo)體系；利用等差分級(jí)方法界定了各指標(biāo)的取值，為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系的應(yīng)用提供了基礎(chǔ)。 （3）利用組合賦權(quán)和改進(jìn)TOPSIS原理，建立了高層建筑施工安全評(píng)價(jià)模型。通過設(shè)置固式評(píng)價(jià)對(duì)象，建立四級(jí)動(dòng)態(tài)安全評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；同時(shí)以改進(jìn)TOPSIS為綜合評(píng)價(jià)方法，既能實(shí)現(xiàn)多項(xiàng)目?jī)?yōu)劣比較，也可以同時(shí)輸出單項(xiàng)目評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果，為高層建筑施工安全評(píng)價(jià)提供了新思路。 （4）應(yīng)用高層建筑施工安全評(píng)價(jià)模型，提出施工安全管理建議。通過對(duì)華清地產(chǎn)園區(qū)內(nèi)四個(gè)高層建筑施工項(xiàng)目分析，應(yīng)用基于組合權(quán)和改進(jìn)TOPSIS評(píng)價(jià)模型，結(jié)果顯示，組合權(quán)能夠?qū)⒔Y(jié)果更加離散化輸出，改進(jìn)TOPSIS和傳統(tǒng)TOPSIS計(jì)算的結(jié)果具有一致性，這進(jìn)一步為模型的應(yīng)用提供了依據(jù)；針對(duì)35#施工安全狀況相對(duì)較差的情況，指出相應(yīng)的高層建筑施工安全管理措施。
[Abstract]:China's economy will be in a high-speed development period in the next decade, and the construction industry will also develop rapidly. With the continuous development of construction industry, high-rise buildings are increasing day by day, which also brings many problems. Among them, high-rise building construction safety accidents occur from time to time, causing a great impact on the society. Under this background, it is necessary to study the safety evaluation of high-rise building construction. In this paper, the high-rise building project as the research object, around the construction of high-rise building construction safety assessment system to carry on the research, The following works have been done: (1) based on the theory of hazard sources and safety accidents, this paper explores the cause mechanism of high-rise building construction accidents, and points out the main factors affecting the construction safety of high-rise buildings. By applying the theory of hazard sources, the hazard sources in the main stages of construction are analyzed, and 49 cases of construction accidents in large high-rise buildings from 2010 to 2012 are statistically analyzed to study the mechanism of accidents. This paper classifies the safety accidents in the construction of large high-rise buildings, probes into the causes and characteristics of each type of accidents, and analyzes the four main aspects affecting the construction safety of high-rise buildings. (2) based on the theory of safety accident cause, the safety evaluation index system of high-rise building construction is constructed. Through browsing the relevant literature and consulting experts, the index system suitable for each stage of construction site is established by selecting the indicators suitable for application and reflecting all aspects. The value of each index is defined by the method of equal difference classification, which provides a basis for the application of the evaluation index system. (3) the construction safety evaluation model of high-rise building is established by combining weight and improving TOPSIS principle. The four-level dynamic safety evaluation standard is established by setting up the solid evaluation object. At the same time, taking the improved TOPSIS as the comprehensive evaluation method, it can not only compare the advantages and disadvantages of multi-projects, but also output the evaluation results of single project at the same time, which provides a new idea for the construction safety evaluation of high-rise buildings. (4) applying the safety evaluation model of high-rise building construction, put forward the suggestion of construction safety management. Based on the analysis of four high-rise building construction projects in Huaxing Real Estate Park, the results show that the combined weights can make the results more discrete output by applying the combined weight and improved TOPSIS evaluation model. The results of improved TOPSIS and traditional TOPSIS calculations are consistent, which provides a basis for the application of the model. In view of the relatively poor construction safety condition of 35 # construction, the corresponding safety management measures for high-rise building construction are pointed out.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU974;TU714

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本文編號(hào)：2450090