【摘要】：礦用氣體傳感器作為煤礦安全監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)中的前端檢測元件,能夠?qū)崟r對礦井下各種有毒有害氣體濃度進行檢測,是煤礦安全監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)中的關(guān)鍵組成部分,其工作的可靠性和穩(wěn)定性直接關(guān)系到整個安全監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)能否正常判斷礦井下各類有毒有害氣的濃度是否超限,進而發(fā)出正確的動作命令以確保生產(chǎn)過程中各個環(huán)節(jié)的安全,目前國內(nèi)煤礦中使用的氣體傳感器中的氣體敏感元件絕大部分是使用電化學原理和熱催化原理制成,由于這類元件的固有特性導致其在使用一段時間后會產(chǎn)生零點漂移和量程漂移等問題,為克服這些問題必須對其進行定期的參數(shù)校正。為了更好的服務于煤礦安全監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)使其能夠在第一時間做出正確判斷保護操作人員和國家財產(chǎn)的安全,國家計量檢定規(guī)程以及煤礦安全規(guī)程都對氣體傳感器的調(diào)校做出了具體明確的要求。為此依據(jù)礦用氣體傳感器工作原理和調(diào)校原理結(jié)合煤礦生產(chǎn)過程中的實際需要設計了一種基于C8051F020單片機為核心控制器件的礦用氣體傳感器智能校驗系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)由氣路控制模塊、氣體傳感器信號采集模塊、紅外調(diào)校模塊、廢氣處理模塊四部分組成,其中氣路控制模塊主要是完成在對礦用氣體傳感器調(diào)校過程中各種標準濃度氣體的分配、自動切換和流量大小的精確控制,氣體傳感器信號采集模塊主要是完成在調(diào)校過程中對被調(diào)的校批量氣體傳感器輸出的表征濃度的電量信號進行采集為閉環(huán)控制提供反饋量,紅外調(diào)校模塊主要完成在調(diào)校過程中對傳感器發(fā)送各種功能參數(shù)調(diào)校命令,是實現(xiàn)自動調(diào)校的關(guān)鍵核心模塊,廢氣處理模塊主要是實現(xiàn)調(diào)校過程中對調(diào)校環(huán)境中空氣進行凈化和無害化處理,保證在對有毒有害類氣體傳感器調(diào)校過程中調(diào)教人員的安全和調(diào)校用廢氣的達標排放,依托智能控制技術(shù)將四個模塊有機結(jié)合在一起可以實現(xiàn)對礦用氣體傳感器進行批量智能調(diào)校。目前本系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)成功試制樣機處于試運行階段,運行結(jié)果表明：該系統(tǒng)可以完全實現(xiàn)對礦用氣體傳感器整個調(diào)校過程的閉環(huán)控制,同時表現(xiàn)出良好的操控特性,具有調(diào)校精度高、抗干擾能力強、穩(wěn)定性好等優(yōu)點,有效的解決了有毒有害氣體傳感器的校正檢定問題,為傳感器的使用者和檢定人員提供了完整可靠的傳感器性能參數(shù),實現(xiàn)了礦用氣體傳感器的無人值守調(diào)校。
[Abstract]:As the front-end detection element in the coal mine safety monitoring system, the mine gas sensor can detect the concentration of all kinds of toxic and harmful gases under the mine in real time, and it is a key component of the coal mine safety monitoring system. The reliability and stability of its work is directly related to whether the whole safety monitoring system can correctly judge whether the concentration of all kinds of toxic and harmful gases under the mine is over the limit, and then issue correct action commands to ensure the safety of every link in the production process. At present, most of the gas sensors used in domestic coal mines are made by using the principle of electrochemistry and the principle of thermal catalysis. Due to the inherent characteristics of this kind of elements, they will produce zero drift and range drift after using for a period of time. In order to overcome these problems, it is necessary to carry out periodic parameter correction. In order to better serve the coal mine safety monitoring system, it can make a correct judgment on the safety of the operators and national property at the first time. National metrology verification regulation and coal mine safety regulation have made specific and clear requirements for the adjustment of gas sensors. In this paper, an intelligent calibration system of mine gas sensor based on C8051F020 single chip microcomputer is designed according to the working principle and adjustment principle of mine gas sensor combined with the actual needs in the process of coal mine production. The system consists of four parts: gas path control module, gas sensor signal acquisition module, infrared adjustment module and exhaust gas treatment module. The gas path control module mainly completes the distribution of various standard concentration gases, automatic switching and accurate control of the flow rate in the calibration process of mine gas sensors. The signal acquisition module of gas sensor is mainly used to collect the electricity signal of the concentration of the adjusted batch gas sensor during the calibration process, which can provide feedback for the closed-loop control. The infrared calibration module mainly sends all kinds of functional parameter adjustment commands to the sensor during the calibration process, which is the key module to realize automatic calibration. The exhaust gas treatment module mainly realizes the cleaning and innocuous treatment of the air in the adjusting environment during the adjustment process, and ensures the safety of the personnel and the standard discharge of the exhaust gas in the course of adjusting the toxic and harmful gas sensors. Depending on the intelligent control technology, the four modules can be organically combined to realize batch intelligent calibration of mine gas sensors. At present, the prototype of the system has been successfully trial-produced. The running results show that the system can completely realize the closed-loop control of the whole adjustment process of the mine gas sensor, and at the same time it shows good control characteristics. It has the advantages of high calibration precision, strong anti-interference ability and good stability. It effectively solves the problem of calibration and verification of noxious and harmful gas sensors, and provides the sensor users and inspectors with complete and reliable sensor performance parameters. The unattended adjustment of mine gas sensor is realized.
【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TD76;TP212

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