【摘要】：礦用氣體傳感器作為煤礦安全監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)中的前端檢測(cè)元件,能夠?qū)崟r(shí)對(duì)礦井下各種有毒有害氣體濃度進(jìn)行檢測(cè),是煤礦安全監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)中的關(guān)鍵組成部分,其工作的可靠性和穩(wěn)定性直接關(guān)系到整個(gè)安全監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)能否正常判斷礦井下各類有毒有害氣的濃度是否超限,進(jìn)而發(fā)出正確的動(dòng)作命令以確保生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)的安全,目前國(guó)內(nèi)煤礦中使用的氣體傳感器中的氣體敏感元件絕大部分是使用電化學(xué)原理和熱催化原理制成,由于這類元件的固有特性導(dǎo)致其在使用一段時(shí)間后會(huì)產(chǎn)生零點(diǎn)漂移和量程漂移等問(wèn)題,為克服這些問(wèn)題必須對(duì)其進(jìn)行定期的參數(shù)校正。為了更好的服務(wù)于煤礦安全監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)使其能夠在第一時(shí)間做出正確判斷保護(hù)操作人員和國(guó)家財(cái)產(chǎn)的安全,國(guó)家計(jì)量檢定規(guī)程以及煤礦安全規(guī)程都對(duì)氣體傳感器的調(diào)校做出了具體明確的要求。為此依據(jù)礦用氣體傳感器工作原理和調(diào)校原理結(jié)合煤礦生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中的實(shí)際需要設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于C8051F020單片機(jī)為核心控制器件的礦用氣體傳感器智能校驗(yàn)系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)由氣路控制模塊、氣體傳感器信號(hào)采集模塊、紅外調(diào)校模塊、廢氣處理模塊四部分組成,其中氣路控制模塊主要是完成在對(duì)礦用氣體傳感器調(diào)校過(guò)程中各種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)濃度氣體的分配、自動(dòng)切換和流量大小的精確控制,氣體傳感器信號(hào)采集模塊主要是完成在調(diào)校過(guò)程中對(duì)被調(diào)的校批量氣體傳感器輸出的表征濃度的電量信號(hào)進(jìn)行采集為閉環(huán)控制提供反饋量,紅外調(diào)校模塊主要完成在調(diào)校過(guò)程中對(duì)傳感器發(fā)送各種功能參數(shù)調(diào)校命令,是實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)調(diào)校的關(guān)鍵核心模塊,廢氣處理模塊主要是實(shí)現(xiàn)調(diào)校過(guò)程中對(duì)調(diào)校環(huán)境中空氣進(jìn)行凈化和無(wú)害化處理,保證在對(duì)有毒有害類氣體傳感器調(diào)校過(guò)程中調(diào)教人員的安全和調(diào)校用廢氣的達(dá)標(biāo)排放,依托智能控制技術(shù)將四個(gè)模塊有機(jī)結(jié)合在一起可以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)礦用氣體傳感器進(jìn)行批量智能調(diào)校。目前本系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)成功試制樣機(jī)處于試運(yùn)行階段,運(yùn)行結(jié)果表明：該系統(tǒng)可以完全實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)礦用氣體傳感器整個(gè)調(diào)校過(guò)程的閉環(huán)控制,同時(shí)表現(xiàn)出良好的操控特性,具有調(diào)校精度高、抗干擾能力強(qiáng)、穩(wěn)定性好等優(yōu)點(diǎn),有效的解決了有毒有害氣體傳感器的校正檢定問(wèn)題,為傳感器的使用者和檢定人員提供了完整可靠的傳感器性能參數(shù),實(shí)現(xiàn)了礦用氣體傳感器的無(wú)人值守調(diào)校。
[Abstract]:As the front-end detection element in the coal mine safety monitoring system, the mine gas sensor can detect the concentration of all kinds of toxic and harmful gases under the mine in real time, and it is a key component of the coal mine safety monitoring system. The reliability and stability of its work is directly related to whether the whole safety monitoring system can correctly judge whether the concentration of all kinds of toxic and harmful gases under the mine is over the limit, and then issue correct action commands to ensure the safety of every link in the production process. At present, most of the gas sensors used in domestic coal mines are made by using the principle of electrochemistry and the principle of thermal catalysis. Due to the inherent characteristics of this kind of elements, they will produce zero drift and range drift after using for a period of time. In order to overcome these problems, it is necessary to carry out periodic parameter correction. In order to better serve the coal mine safety monitoring system, it can make a correct judgment on the safety of the operators and national property at the first time. National metrology verification regulation and coal mine safety regulation have made specific and clear requirements for the adjustment of gas sensors. In this paper, an intelligent calibration system of mine gas sensor based on C8051F020 single chip microcomputer is designed according to the working principle and adjustment principle of mine gas sensor combined with the actual needs in the process of coal mine production. The system consists of four parts: gas path control module, gas sensor signal acquisition module, infrared adjustment module and exhaust gas treatment module. The gas path control module mainly completes the distribution of various standard concentration gases, automatic switching and accurate control of the flow rate in the calibration process of mine gas sensors. The signal acquisition module of gas sensor is mainly used to collect the electricity signal of the concentration of the adjusted batch gas sensor during the calibration process, which can provide feedback for the closed-loop control. The infrared calibration module mainly sends all kinds of functional parameter adjustment commands to the sensor during the calibration process, which is the key module to realize automatic calibration. The exhaust gas treatment module mainly realizes the cleaning and innocuous treatment of the air in the adjusting environment during the adjustment process, and ensures the safety of the personnel and the standard discharge of the exhaust gas in the course of adjusting the toxic and harmful gas sensors. Depending on the intelligent control technology, the four modules can be organically combined to realize batch intelligent calibration of mine gas sensors. At present, the prototype of the system has been successfully trial-produced. The running results show that the system can completely realize the closed-loop control of the whole adjustment process of the mine gas sensor, and at the same time it shows good control characteristics. It has the advantages of high calibration precision, strong anti-interference ability and good stability. It effectively solves the problem of calibration and verification of noxious and harmful gas sensors, and provides the sensor users and inspectors with complete and reliable sensor performance parameters. The unattended adjustment of mine gas sensor is realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TD76;TP212

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