高速列車車輛空間及布局參數(shù)對乘客應(yīng)急撤離的影響
[Abstract]:As a small marshalling of inter-city and suburban railways and a high-density efficient transport vehicle, high-speed trains bring comfort to human beings. At the same time, the passive safety of their vehicles has attracted more and more attention. How to evacuate passengers quickly, effectively and safely from vehicles is a very important issue in the event of an accident in railway system. The results show that when a large number of people need emergency evacuation, the internal space and layout parameters have a significant impact on emergency evacuation. Therefore, the factors affecting the interior space and layout of emergency evacuation train are studied, which can optimize the layout of train interior space in the design stage and effectively improve the safety of the vehicle. It has very important theoretical significance and engineering application value. From the point of view of vehicle space and layout design, combined with the application of pedestrian simulation dynamics model, this paper discusses the influence of indoor space and layout parameters of high-speed train on emergency evacuation. The main work is as follows: (1) the simulation of the passenger emergency evacuation experiment implemented by FRA is carried out to verify the passenger evacuation to the high platform. The feasibility of passenger emergency evacuation is studied by simulation software Legion. (2) the factors influencing train emergency evacuation, including space and layout factors, emergency evacuation scene factors, passenger attribute factors and other factors, are analyzed. To demonstrate and determine the value range of space and layout factors, typical emergency evacuation scenarios and the distribution of gender and age of passengers, And establish the train emergency evacuation time model. (3) using the simulation method to study the emergency evacuation time of the single factor in the space and layout parameters under the two emergency evacuation scenarios of all doors open and only one door opened on the platform side. The influence of exit flow rate and passenger flow density on corridor width, car door net opening, seat spacing and evacuation time are established. (4) based on full-factor and orthogonal experimental design, The main effects and interaction effects of the spatial parameters in the two kinds of emergency evacuation scenarios were studied respectively and the multi-factor regression model of spatial parameters affecting the emergency evacuation time was established. The results show that there is consistency between each single factor and the curve of emergency evacuation time in the two scenarios. In a given range, the emergency evacuation time decreases significantly with the increase of each single factor in the space parameters, and eventually tends to stabilize. At the same time, the influence of changing seat layout on passenger emergency evacuation time is much less than the number of doors. In the multi-factor experimental study, it is found that the influence of the size of seat spacing on the emergency evacuation time is the greatest, and there is a significant interaction between the width of aisle and the net opening degree of door. The research results provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the interior space layout of high-speed train vehicles and improving the passive safety of vehicles.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:U270.2;U298
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