【摘要】：針對淮北煤田臨渙礦區(qū)東南緣礦井瓦斯賦存和突出災害具有明顯的構造控制特征這一特點，本文運用地球化學、構造地質學、巖石礦物學、物理化學、滲流力學、巖石力學等多學科交叉的研究方法，采用理論分析、數(shù)值模擬、實驗室測定分析與現(xiàn)場工程實踐等手段，以該區(qū)域兩大典型礦井——許疃和任樓煤礦做為研究對象，，對構造控制下的礦井瓦斯賦存狀態(tài)與賦存規(guī)律進行了研究，提出相應的分區(qū)分級安全開采技術體系。論文的研究內容對建立單一煤層條件下或煤層群賦存條件下的區(qū)域性瓦斯綜合治理技術體系有著重要的理論指導意義。 論文針對許疃煤礦33采區(qū)南北翼瓦斯差異性賦存特征以及采區(qū)南翼有大面積厚層古近系紅層沉積的特點，通過地面鉆井采集巖樣，對比分析了紅層與常見煤系地層巖石（泥巖、砂巖、粉砂巖）在礦物成分、孔隙結構、滲透性以及煤層瓦斯封蓋能力上的差異。結合33采區(qū)煤樣的多元物性參數(shù)測試結果，發(fā)現(xiàn)紅層沉積對煤的物性參數(shù)沒有顯著影響，造成采區(qū)南北兩翼瓦斯差異性賦存的原因主要在于煤層上覆巨厚紅層的影響。紅層的孔隙結構以小孔和中孔為主，與砂巖、泥巖和粉砂巖相比具有高孔隙率、高滲透性的特點，對煤層瓦斯的封蓋能力較差�，F(xiàn)場瓦斯含量和瓦斯成分測定結果也表明紅層覆蓋區(qū)32煤層瓦斯含量小、煤層瓦斯賦存呈現(xiàn)瓦斯風化帶特征，說明在紅層沉積的區(qū)域煤系地層透氣性好，其下伏煤層瓦斯逸散作用強烈，煤層的煤與瓦斯突出危險性也隨之減弱。 任樓煤礦靠近徐宿弧形推覆構造南段前緣，井田內石炭-二疊系煤層自沉積以來經受過兩期或者兩期以上大型地質構造運動的改造作用，構造極為發(fā)育。針對這一特點，本文對任樓煤礦的構造，特別是斷層的分布特點進行了梳理，對礦井的地應力進行了測量，對采煤工作面過小斷層時的瓦斯涌出特征開展了系統(tǒng)分析。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)任樓煤礦以水平應力為主導，最大水平主應力與垂直應力之比為2.46～2.72，且均為壓應力，這一地應力分布特點為構造煤的形成提供了力學條件，同時局部的構造殘余應力也容易成為誘導突出發(fā)生的重要因素。此外，任樓礦小型斷層兩側的瓦斯異常涌出具有一定的規(guī)律性，最大瓦斯涌出段至斷層點的距離和瓦斯異常涌出范圍均與斷層落差呈良好線性關系；斷層附近瓦斯涌出量峰值出現(xiàn)的位置以及瓦斯異常涌出范圍分別約為斷層落差的35倍與60倍。 最后，根據(jù)許疃煤礦和任樓煤礦瓦斯賦存的構造控制特點，分別建立了適用于許疃煤礦32煤層的單一煤層分區(qū)分級瓦斯綜合治理技術體系和適用于任樓煤礦7、8煤層的保護層開采及卸壓瓦斯強化抽采治理技術體系。
[Abstract]:In view of the obvious structural control characteristics of gas occurrence and outburst disaster in the southeast edge of Linhuan mining area in Huaibei coalfield, this paper applies geochemistry, tectonics, petromineralogy, physicochemistry, seepage mechanics, etc. By means of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, laboratory analysis and field engineering practice, the two typical mines in this area, Xutuan and Renlou Coal Mine, are taken as the research objects. This paper studies the occurrence state and occurrence law of mine gas under structural control, and puts forward the corresponding technical system of classified and safe mining. The research content of this paper has important theoretical guiding significance for the establishment of regional comprehensive gas control technology system under the condition of single coal seam or the condition of coal seam group occurrence. In view of the characteristics of gas diversity in the north and south wing of Xutuan coal mine area 33 and the characteristics of large area thick Paleogene red bed deposits in the south wing of the mining area, rock samples collected from surface drilling are compared and analyzed between red bed and common coal measure strata (mudstone). The differences in mineral composition, pore structure, permeability and sealing ability of coal seam gas. Combined with the test results of multivariate physical parameters of coal samples in No. 33 mining area, it is found that red bed deposition has no significant effect on the physical parameters of coal, and the main reason for the difference in gas occurrence between the north and south wings of the mining area lies in the influence of the overlying thick red bed on the coal seam. Compared with sandstone, mudstone and siltstone, the pore structure of red bed is characterized by high porosity and high permeability, and the sealing ability to coal seam gas is poor. The results of gas content and gas composition measurement also show that the gas content of 32 coal seam in the red bed overburden area is small, and the gas weathering zone of coal seam gas occurrence is characteristic, which indicates that the gas permeability of coal measure strata in the red bed sedimentary area is good. The risk of coal and gas outburst is also weakened because of the strong gas emission in the underlying coal seam. Renlou coal mine is close to the front edge of Xushu arc nappe structure, and the coal seam of Carboniferous-Permian system in the mine field has undergone two or more periods of reformation of large-scale geological tectonic movement since sedimentation, and the structure is extremely developed. Aiming at this characteristic, this paper combs the structure of Renlou coal mine, especially the distribution characteristic of fault, measures the ground stress of coal mine, and makes a systematic analysis of the gas emission characteristics when the coal face passes through the small fault. It is found that the horizontal stress is dominant in Renlou Coal Mine, and the ratio of maximum horizontal principal stress to vertical stress is 2.46 ~ 2.72, both of which are compressive stress, which provides a mechanical condition for the formation of tectonic coal. At the same time, local tectonic residual stress is also easy to become an important factor of induced outburst. In addition, the abnormal gas emission on both sides of the small fault in Renlou Mine has certain regularity. The distance from the maximum gas emission section to the fault point and the range of abnormal gas emission are all in good linear relationship with the fault drop. The location of peak value of gas emission near fault and the range of abnormal gas emission are about 35 times and 60 times of fault drop respectively. Finally, according to the structural control characteristics of gas occurrence in Xutuan Coal Mine and Renlou Coal Mine, The technical system of comprehensive gas control for single coal seam zone classification in Xutuan Coal Mine No. 32 seam and the technology system for mining protective layer and enhanced drainage of unpressurized gas in No. 7 No. 8 seam of Renlou Coal Mine are established respectively.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TD712.2

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