【摘要】：隨著危險(xiǎn)品運(yùn)輸行業(yè)的快速發(fā)展，危險(xiǎn)品運(yùn)輸車輛側(cè)翻、碰撞、泄漏和爆炸等安全事故頻發(fā)，帶來了一系列社會(huì)問題和環(huán)境問題。構(gòu)建有效的車載危險(xiǎn)品狀態(tài)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)，對(duì)于保障運(yùn)輸安全、加強(qiáng)危險(xiǎn)品運(yùn)輸管理、事故預(yù)警及救援具有十分重要的意義。 基于上述背景，論文設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)了基于無線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)的車載危險(xiǎn)品狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)采用基于無線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)的危險(xiǎn)品在途分層監(jiān)測(cè)體系架構(gòu)，將監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)分為分布式信息采集層、車載處理傳輸層和遠(yuǎn)程應(yīng)用層。論文設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了基于ATmega1281和AT86RF230的無線傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)硬件及相關(guān)軟件，并以此為基礎(chǔ)構(gòu)建了多傳感器分布式危險(xiǎn)品狀態(tài)信息采集平臺(tái)；對(duì)車載無線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)MAC層CSMA/CA機(jī)制的退避算法、RTS/CTS方式和睡眠機(jī)制進(jìn)行了分析與改進(jìn)，同時(shí)優(yōu)化了物理層無線數(shù)據(jù)收發(fā)時(shí)序，使無線收發(fā)芯片AT86RF230的數(shù)據(jù)下載和無線發(fā)送并發(fā)執(zhí)行；設(shè)計(jì)了基于嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)uC/OS-Ⅱ的車載主處理終端，結(jié)合uC-GUI、FATFS和LWIP設(shè)計(jì)完成了人機(jī)交互界面、數(shù)據(jù)本地存儲(chǔ)和遠(yuǎn)程數(shù)據(jù)通信；在實(shí)驗(yàn)室環(huán)境下完成了車載監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的原理樣機(jī)搭建和關(guān)鍵指標(biāo)測(cè)試與性能分析。 測(cè)試結(jié)果表明，該系統(tǒng)可在毫秒級(jí)時(shí)間內(nèi)完成對(duì)危險(xiǎn)品多種狀態(tài)信息的采集與分析，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)危險(xiǎn)品運(yùn)輸車駕駛員的在途實(shí)時(shí)預(yù)警和告警信息的遠(yuǎn)程發(fā)送。該系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用有利于提高對(duì)危險(xiǎn)品運(yùn)輸事故的預(yù)控能力和事故發(fā)生后的緊急處置響應(yīng)速度。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of dangerous goods transportation industry, accidents such as rollover, collision, leakage and explosion of dangerous goods transport vehicles occur frequently, which brings a series of social and environmental problems. It is of great significance to construct an effective real-time monitoring system for the status of dangerous goods on board. It is of great significance to ensure transportation safety, strengthen the management of dangerous goods transportation, early warning of accidents and rescue. Based on the above background, the paper designs and develops the vehicle dangerous goods condition monitoring system based on wireless sensor network. The system adopts the layered monitoring system architecture of dangerous goods in transit based on wireless sensor network. The monitoring system is divided into distributed information collection layer, on-board processing transmission layer and remote application layer. This paper designs and implements the hardware and software of wireless sensor node based on ATmega1281 and AT86RF230, and builds a multi-sensor distributed dangerous goods status information acquisition platform. The Backoff algorithm, RTS/CTS mode and sleep mechanism of MAC layer CSMA/CA mechanism in vehicle wireless sensor network are analyzed and improved. At the same time, the physical layer wireless data transceiver timing is optimized. The data download and wireless transmission of the wireless transceiver chip AT86RF230 are performed concurrently; The main processing terminal of vehicle based on embedded operating system uC/OS- 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2314195