【摘要】：為改善我國(guó)非煤礦山救援裝備,提高礦山安全防護(hù)水平與應(yīng)急救援能力,論文針對(duì)山東黃金歸來(lái)莊金礦基本概況,確定了該礦井下避難硐室的功能定位及技術(shù)指標(biāo),研究了硐室內(nèi)部環(huán)控系統(tǒng)組成,提出了針對(duì)水災(zāi)防護(hù)型避難硐室應(yīng)用的緊急排氣系統(tǒng)與緊急排水系統(tǒng)。為我國(guó)非煤礦山避難硐室的設(shè)計(jì)及相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范的制定提供了重要依據(jù)。通過(guò)單因素與正交實(shí)驗(yàn),研究了藥劑粒徑、長(zhǎng)度、NaOH、水分及添加劑等因素對(duì)鈉石灰吸附性能的影響,確定了新型CO2吸附劑的最佳配方及成型工藝。設(shè)計(jì)研發(fā)了一種避難硐室用多驅(qū)動(dòng)方式空氣凈化裝置,該裝置采用礦井壓風(fēng)、蓄電池及人力作為動(dòng)力源,包括氣動(dòng)模式、電動(dòng)模式及手搖模式,通過(guò)Fluent數(shù)值模擬對(duì)凈化器在三種運(yùn)行模式下的流態(tài)進(jìn)行了分析,并通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證模擬結(jié)果真實(shí)可靠�；谖捶磻�(yīng)核模型建立了鈉石灰吸附CO2反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,通過(guò)該模型對(duì)反應(yīng)速率影響因素進(jìn)行了理論分析。論文對(duì)蓄冰制冷系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)參數(shù)及內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了研究,提出了蓄冰空調(diào)最低循環(huán)風(fēng)速的計(jì)算公式,通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試了蓄冰箱的制冷性能,分析了不同剩余冰量對(duì)制冷功率的影響。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了進(jìn)氣壓力、環(huán)境溫度及熱閥開(kāi)度等操作參數(shù)對(duì)渦流管基本性能的影響規(guī)律,確定了渦流管在硐室內(nèi)的應(yīng)用組合方式,并進(jìn)行了降噪設(shè)計(jì)處理。通過(guò)對(duì)超氧化鉀化學(xué)反應(yīng)特性進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,建立了超氧化鉀反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,并對(duì)其化學(xué)反應(yīng)機(jī)理進(jìn)行了闡述,針對(duì)超氧化鉀藥片易燒結(jié)、融化、利用率低、初始反應(yīng)速率慢、難以匹配人體呼吸熵等問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化研究,提出了新型空氣再生裝置。通過(guò)井下避難硐室50人48小時(shí)載人試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了硐室內(nèi)部系統(tǒng)及環(huán)控裝備運(yùn)行的可靠性及穩(wěn)定性,分析了硐室內(nèi)部環(huán)境參數(shù)及人員活動(dòng)狀態(tài),得出了人體在不同活動(dòng)狀態(tài)、不同時(shí)段及不同氧氣濃度下的耗氧量、CO2產(chǎn)生量及呼吸熵等人體生存參數(shù),確定了滿(mǎn)足避險(xiǎn)人員生存所需的最小壓風(fēng)量,為緊急避險(xiǎn)等相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范的制定提供了試驗(yàn)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the rescue equipment of non-coal mines in China and to improve the level of mine safety protection and emergency rescue ability, the paper determines the function orientation and technical index of the underground refuge chamber in Jinxiuzhuang Gold Mine, Shandong Province, in view of the basic situation of the gold mine. The composition of indoor environmental control system is studied, and the emergency exhaust system and emergency drainage system for flood protection shelter are put forward. It provides an important basis for the design of shelter chamber in non-coal mines and the formulation of relevant standards and regulations. By single factor and orthogonal experiment, the effects of particle size, length of CO2, moisture and additives on the adsorption properties of sodium lime were studied. The optimum formulation and molding process of the new CO2 adsorbent were determined. A multi-drive air purifying device for shelter chamber is designed and developed. The device uses mine air pressure, storage battery and manpower as power source, including pneumatic mode, electric mode and hand mode. The flow patterns of the purifier under three operation modes are analyzed by Fluent numerical simulation, and the experimental results are verified to be true and reliable. Based on the unreacted kernel model, the kinetic model of sodium lime adsorption CO2 reaction was established, and the influencing factors of reaction rate were analyzed theoretically. In this paper, the technical parameters and internal structure of the ice storage refrigeration system are studied, and the formula for calculating the minimum circulating wind speed of the ice storage air conditioning system is put forward, and the refrigeration performance of the storage refrigerator is tested through experiments. The influence of different amount of residual ice on refrigeration power is analyzed. The effects of inlet pressure, ambient temperature and the opening of hot valve on the basic performance of vortex tube are studied experimentally. The application and combination of vortex tube in the chamber are determined, and the noise reduction design is carried out. Based on the experimental study of the chemical reaction characteristics of potassium superoxide, a kinetic model of the reaction of potassium superoxide is established, and its chemical reaction mechanism is expounded. In view of the easy sintering, melting and low utilization rate of potassium superoxide tablets, The problems of slow initial reaction rate and difficulty in matching human respiratory entropy were studied and a new type of air regeneration device was proposed. The reliability and stability of the indoor system and environmental control equipment are verified by 48 hours manned test of 50 people in the underground refuge chamber. The environmental parameters of the chamber and the movement state of the personnel are analyzed, and the human body is in different active states. The survival parameters such as CO _ 2 production and respiratory entropy of oxygen consumption in different periods and different oxygen concentrations have been determined, and the minimum pressure and air volume to meet the survival needs of safe havens has been determined, which provides an experimental basis for the establishment of relevant standards and specifications for emergency risk avoidance and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TD774

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 張為;趙宏偉;楊明;賀超;;煤礦避難硐室設(shè)計(jì)研究[J];建井技術(shù);2011年04期

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本文編號(hào)：2196701