【摘要】：奧灰水是引發(fā)煤礦突水事故的主要源頭,給井下的工作人員生命安全帶來危害。因此奧灰水和太灰水監(jiān)測及治理是每個(gè)煤礦安全的重要工作之一。礦井水文測量系統(tǒng)以智能壓力變送器為核心,以PT403傳感器為前置測量元件,完成井下奧灰水和太灰水的數(shù)據(jù)采集,由智能壓力變送器通過RS-485把傳感器采集的數(shù)值傳給上位機(jī)完成對(duì)奧灰水與太灰水的實(shí)時(shí)預(yù)警與監(jiān)測。 文中詳細(xì)介紹了水文檢測系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方案。礦井水文檢測系統(tǒng)主要包括上位機(jī)和下位機(jī)兩大主要部分。上位機(jī)部分為井上監(jiān)控界面,使用visual basic6.0編程,RS-485通過串口服務(wù)器NPort5130模塊與單片機(jī)進(jìn)行通信,接收單片機(jī)采集的數(shù)據(jù),進(jìn)行井下實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控。下位機(jī)部分是井下的測量系統(tǒng),是以MSP430F149單片機(jī)處理器為核心,采用國產(chǎn)PT403壓力探頭為測量元件,把壓力信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)化為電信號(hào),送入MSP430F149進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理,并通過RS-485串口把數(shù)據(jù)傳給上位機(jī)。 上位機(jī)監(jiān)控界面的設(shè)計(jì)主要利用visual basic6.0編程。由于visual basic6.0是一種面向?qū)ο蟮某绦蛘Z言,其程序設(shè)計(jì)簡單,對(duì)于初學(xué)者容易上手,它提供了基于控件的可視化窗口設(shè)計(jì),在程序設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)給編程人員帶來極大方便。visual basic6.0含有豐富的控件,它提供的winsocket控件,可以通過網(wǎng)口來進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸,也可以通過串口軟件來與單片機(jī)通訊,方便靈活。微軟為windows系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部封裝有大量的應(yīng)用接口函數(shù),visual basic6.0也支持從應(yīng)用程序中調(diào)用windows API函數(shù)(應(yīng)用接口函數(shù)),使編程變得更加豐富。上位機(jī)不僅能進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)監(jiān)控,且能與短信貓進(jìn)行通信,一旦井下數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)生異常,上位機(jī)就可以通過短信貓把數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人,從而可以對(duì)異常作出更快和更好地處理。 下位機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)主要以TI公司生產(chǎn)的MSP430F149單片機(jī)微處理器作為核心。MSP430F149自身集成有12路A/D模塊,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)模擬量信息采集。PT403壓力探頭為測量元件,該探頭內(nèi)部用熱敏電阻對(duì)探頭進(jìn)行了溫度補(bǔ)償,信號(hào)經(jīng)過LM358信號(hào)放大器件進(jìn)行信號(hào)放大后送入處理器A/D通道。軟件設(shè)計(jì)主要是對(duì)硬件功能的實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)行C語言編程,主要包括ADC信息采集程序設(shè)計(jì)、串口通信設(shè)計(jì)、LCD液晶顯示程序設(shè)計(jì)、DS18B20溫度采集程序設(shè)計(jì)、外部存儲(chǔ)器AT24C02程序設(shè)計(jì)等。 PT403傳感器由于其受到半導(dǎo)體材料特性的影響,在壓力采集過程中受到溫度的影響較大,通常表現(xiàn)為壓力傳感器的零點(diǎn)溫度漂移和溫度靈敏度失調(diào)。針對(duì)以上特點(diǎn)本文采用了數(shù)字濾波算法克服系統(tǒng)的隨機(jī)誤差和由于偶然因素引起的波動(dòng)或者采樣保持器不穩(wěn)定引起的脈沖干擾。而對(duì)于由系統(tǒng)引起的誤差本文采用了分段函數(shù)擬合的方法進(jìn)行非線性校正,盡可能減小系統(tǒng)誤差,提高智能變送器精度。
[Abstract]:Ordovician ash water is the main source of water inrush accidents in coal mines, which endangers the life and safety of underground workers. Therefore, the monitoring and control of Ordovician water and too ash water is one of the important work of every coal mine safety. The mine hydrological measurement system takes intelligent pressure transmitter as the core and PT403 sensor as the leading measuring element to complete the data acquisition of underground austenitic water and too grey water. The intelligent pressure transmitter transmits the data collected by the sensor to the upper computer through RS-485 to complete the real-time early warning and monitoring of the Ordovician and too grey water. The design scheme of hydrologic detection system is introduced in detail in this paper. Mine hydrological detection system mainly includes two main parts: upper computer and lower computer. The upper computer part is the well monitoring interface. RS-485 is programmed by visual basic6.0 to communicate with the single chip through the NPort5130 module of serial port server, receive the data collected by the single chip computer, and carry out real-time monitoring and control in the downhole. The lower part of the machine is a downhole measurement system, which takes MSP430F149 single chip processor as the core, adopts the domestic PT403 pressure probe as the measuring element, converts the pressure signal into electric signal, and sends the pressure signal into MSP430F149 for data processing. And through the RS-485 serial port to send the data to the upper computer. The design of upper computer monitoring interface mainly uses visual basic6.0 programming. Because visual basic6.0 is an object-oriented programming language, its program design is simple and easy for beginners, it provides a visual window design based on controls. Visual basic6.0 contains a lot of controls. The winsocket control it provides can transmit data through the network interface, and can communicate with the MCU through serial port software, which is convenient and flexible. Microsoft encapsulates a large number of application interface functions for windows systems. Visual basic6.0 also supports calling windows API functions (application interface functions) from applications, which makes programming richer. The upper computer can not only monitor the data, but also communicate with the short message cat. Once the underground data is abnormal, the upper computer can send the data to the responsible person through the short message cat, so that the abnormal can be handled faster and better. The design of the lower computer mainly takes the MSP430F149 microprocessor produced by TI company as the core. MSP430F149 itself integrates 12 Ar / D modules, which can realize the analog information collection. PT403 pressure probe can be used as the measuring element. The temperature of the probe is compensated by the thermistor inside the probe. The signal is amplified by the LM358 signal amplifier device and then sent to the processor A / D channel. The software design mainly carries on the C language programming to the hardware function realization, mainly includes the ADC information collection program design, the serial port communication design the LCD liquid crystal display program design and the DS18B20 temperature collection program design. External memory AT24C02 programming etc. PT403 sensors are greatly affected by temperature in the process of pressure acquisition because they are influenced by the characteristics of semiconductor materials. The pressure sensor is usually characterized by zero temperature drift and misadjustment of temperature sensitivity. In view of the above characteristics, the digital filtering algorithm is used to overcome the random error of the system and the pulse interference caused by the fluctuation caused by accidental factors or the instability of the sampling holder. In this paper, the piecewise function fitting method is used to correct the errors caused by the system in order to reduce the system error and improve the precision of the intelligent transmitter as much as possible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TD745

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