【摘要】：重水反應(yīng)堆的燃料包殼、壓力管及排管均為鋯合金材料，在嚴(yán)重事故條件下，鋯合金與水蒸汽反應(yīng)和熔融堆芯與混凝土反應(yīng)會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量的氫氣，氫氣釋放到安全殼中與空氣混合成可燃?xì)怏w，一定條件下可能會(huì)發(fā)生爆燃或爆炸，所產(chǎn)生的高溫高壓可能危及安全殼的完整性，因此必須采取氫氣控制措施，避免發(fā)生危及安全殼完整性的爆燃或爆炸。 本論文以秦山三期CANDU-6型重水反應(yīng)堆為研究對(duì)象，首先定性分析了秦山三期現(xiàn)有的由點(diǎn)火器組成的氫氣消除系統(tǒng)，分析表明現(xiàn)有的氫氣消除系統(tǒng)僅能滿足設(shè)計(jì)基準(zhǔn)事故下的氫氣控制要求，但不能滿足根據(jù)最新法規(guī)要求所制定的嚴(yán)重事故下的氫氣控制目標(biāo)。同時(shí)根據(jù)秦山三期一級(jí)概率安全分析結(jié)果并借鑒國(guó)際嚴(yán)重事故選取經(jīng)驗(yàn)，選定三種具有代表性和包絡(luò)性的典型嚴(yán)重事故序列用于此次嚴(yán)重事故分析：?jiǎn)适竣艏?jí)電源事故、熱傳輸支管滯流型破口事故及大破口失水事故。 其次，使用集總參數(shù)程序MELCOR對(duì)安全殼進(jìn)行了建模，并對(duì)安全殼內(nèi)無消氫系統(tǒng)時(shí)的氫氣分布及濃度進(jìn)行了分析，結(jié)果表明三種典型嚴(yán)重事故工況下安全殼均存在爆燃或爆炸的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，根據(jù)分析結(jié)果結(jié)合現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)際情況，設(shè)計(jì)了在安全殼內(nèi)布置18臺(tái)非能動(dòng)催化復(fù)合器（Passive Automatic Recombiners，以下簡(jiǎn)稱為PARs）的消氫方案，利用MELCOR程序中的PARs模塊對(duì)消氫方案的效果進(jìn)行了模擬分析，結(jié)果表明三種典型事故進(jìn)程中安全殼內(nèi)均勻分布的氫氣濃度都未超過10vol.%，達(dá)到了嚴(yán)重事故下的氫氣控制要求和消氫系統(tǒng)驗(yàn)收準(zhǔn)則。 最后，，通過非能動(dòng)氫復(fù)合器的催化板和整機(jī)性能實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了消氫效果驗(yàn)證，結(jié)果表明催化板貴金屬涂覆工藝良好、催化劑與基材結(jié)合力大、消氫性能穩(wěn)定，氫復(fù)合器啟停閾值和消氫速率滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求及嚴(yán)重事故工況下安全殼內(nèi)消除氫氣的要求。 本論文通過秦山三期嚴(yán)重事故下消氫措施的系統(tǒng)研究，為秦山三期緩解嚴(yán)重事故提供了有力保障，同時(shí)也為運(yùn)行電站和新建電站提供了很好的工程經(jīng)驗(yàn)和借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:The fuel cladding, pressure tube and discharge tube of heavy water reactor are all zirconium alloy materials. Under serious accident condition, zirconium alloy reacts with water vapor and melt reactor core reacts with concrete to produce a large amount of hydrogen. When hydrogen is released into containment and mixed with air to form combustible gas, deflagration or explosion may occur under certain conditions, and the high temperature and pressure produced may endanger the integrity of containment. Therefore, hydrogen control measures must be taken. Avoid deflagration or explosion that endangers the integrity of containment. In this paper, Qinshan Phase III CANDU-6 heavy water reactor is taken as the research object. Firstly, the existing hydrogen elimination system composed of igniter in Qinshan Phase III is qualitatively analyzed. The analysis shows that the existing hydrogen elimination system can only meet the hydrogen control requirements under the design reference accident, but can not meet the hydrogen control targets under the serious accidents formulated according to the latest regulations. At the same time, according to the results of the first stage probabilistic safety analysis of the third phase of Qinshan Mountain and the selection experience of international serious accidents, three representative and enveloping typical serious accidents are selected for the analysis of this serious accident: the loss of all grade IV power supply accidents, Heat transfer branch pipe stagflation type break accident and big break loss of water accident. Secondly, the lumped parameter program MELCOR is used to model the containment, and the distribution and concentration of hydrogen in the containment without hydrogen elimination system are analyzed. The results show that the containment has the risk of deflagration or explosion under three typical serious accident conditions. In this paper, 18 passive catalytic compounders (Passive Automatic Recombiners,) are designed to eliminate hydrogen in containment. The effect of the scheme is simulated by PARs module in MELCOR program. The results show that the concentration of hydrogen in the containment is less than 10vol.in the three typical accident processes, which meets the requirements of hydrogen control and acceptance criteria of the hydrogen elimination system in severe accidents. Finally, the experimental results of the catalytic plate and the whole machine of the non-active hydrogen compounding device have been carried out. The results show that the noble metal coating process of the catalytic plate is good, the binding force between the catalyst and the substrate is large, and the hydrogen elimination performance is stable. The threshold of starting and stopping and the rate of hydrogen elimination meet the requirements of design and elimination of hydrogen in containment under serious accident conditions. Through the systematic research on the measures of hydrogen elimination in Qinshan III serious accident, this paper provides a strong guarantee for the third phase of Qinshan to alleviate the serious accident, and also provides a good engineering experience and reference significance for the operation of the power station and the newly built power station.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TL364.3

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