【摘要】：主通風(fēng)機(jī)擔(dān)負(fù)著向井下輸送新鮮空氣，稀釋、排出危險氣體的重任，從而對保證煤礦安全生產(chǎn)有著重要作用。當(dāng)前煤礦對主通風(fēng)機(jī)系統(tǒng)的監(jiān)控大多數(shù)處于“監(jiān)而不控”的狀態(tài)，同時由于主通風(fēng)機(jī)系統(tǒng)有大量的分散設(shè)備，在緊急情況下很難及時啟動備用風(fēng)機(jī)。并且當(dāng)通風(fēng)機(jī)電機(jī)啟動的過程中，往往伴隨著沖擊電流，這將影響整個系統(tǒng)的安全運行。為了解決以上問題，論文基于PLC控制器，開發(fā)了一套高可靠性的風(fēng)機(jī)集中監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)，并同時基于模糊理論，提出了誤差分級變論域模糊控制在異步電動機(jī)軟啟動的應(yīng)用。 通過對主通風(fēng)機(jī)系統(tǒng)工作流程和外圍設(shè)備功能特點的分析，確立了監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)要完成的監(jiān)控任務(wù)，在此基礎(chǔ)上根據(jù)各監(jiān)控點的數(shù)據(jù)特點，完成了監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的硬件選型、各分散設(shè)備監(jiān)控點的電路設(shè)計、分散設(shè)備與監(jiān)控柜的數(shù)據(jù)連接以及監(jiān)控柜的功能和供電設(shè)計，成功構(gòu)建了PLC集中監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的整個硬件平臺。在STEP7軟件平臺上，根據(jù)設(shè)計好的工作流程，組建了PLC和STEP7的通訊網(wǎng)絡(luò)，然后根據(jù)分散設(shè)備的工作原理和電路設(shè)計分別開發(fā)了潤滑油站、風(fēng)門、高壓開關(guān)柜、軟啟動柜等設(shè)備的監(jiān)控程序，同時利用這些分散設(shè)備之間的邏輯互鎖關(guān)系，完成了整個項目的PLC下位機(jī)監(jiān)控程序的開發(fā)；在WINCC軟件平臺上，通過建立STEP7和WINCC的變量傳輸通道，以及對輸入變量進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理，分別開發(fā)了上位機(jī)主監(jiān)控程序、各設(shè)備監(jiān)控程序以及報警程序，完成了上位機(jī)WINCC監(jiān)控程序的開發(fā)，實現(xiàn)了管理人員和操作系統(tǒng)的人機(jī)對話。 針對通風(fēng)機(jī)電機(jī)傳統(tǒng)啟動方式存在的沖擊電流問題，基于變論域模糊理論，提出了一種誤差分級變論域模糊控制方案，，由該控制方案建立了電機(jī)啟動模型，通過設(shè)計模糊控制模塊、誤差分級選擇模塊和脈沖調(diào)壓模塊，在Simulink平臺上構(gòu)建了基于誤差分級變論域模糊控制電機(jī)軟啟動的整體仿真系統(tǒng)，仿真實驗的結(jié)果表明：該方法對減少沖擊電流有顯著作用，并且其控制時間和控制穩(wěn)定性優(yōu)于一般模糊控制，適合于通風(fēng)機(jī)電機(jī)的控制需求。
[Abstract]:The main ventilator is responsible for conveying fresh air, diluting and discharging dangerous gas to the mine, which plays an important role in ensuring the safe production of coal mine. At present, the monitoring of main ventilator system in coal mine is mostly in the state of "supervision but not control". At the same time, it is difficult to start the standby fan in time because of the large number of dispersing equipments in the main fan system. And when the fan motor starts, it is often accompanied by impulse current, which will affect the safe operation of the whole system. In order to solve the above problems, based on the PLC controller, a set of high reliability fan centralized monitoring system is developed in this paper. At the same time, based on the fuzzy theory, the application of error grading variable field fuzzy control in the soft start of asynchronous motor is proposed. Based on the analysis of the work flow of the main fan system and the functional characteristics of the peripheral equipment, the monitoring task to be completed by the monitoring system is established. On this basis, according to the data characteristics of the monitoring points, the hardware selection of the monitoring system is completed. The whole hardware platform of PLC centralized monitoring system is successfully constructed by the circuit design of the monitoring points of the distributed equipment, the data connection between the dispersed equipment and the monitoring cabinet, the function and power supply design of the monitoring cabinet. On the STEP7 software platform, according to the designed workflow, the communication network of PLC and STEP7 is set up, and then the lubricating oil station, the air valve and the high pressure switchgear are developed according to the working principle and circuit design of the dispersed equipment. At the same time, by using the logic interlocking relationship between these distributed devices, the PLC monitor program of the whole project is developed, and the variable transmission channel between STEP7 and WINCC is established on the WINCC software platform. And the data processing of input variables, the development of host monitor program, equipment monitoring program and alarm program, the development of upper computer WINCC monitoring program is completed, and the man-machine dialogue between manager and operating system is realized. In view of the impact current problem existing in the traditional starting mode of fan motor, based on the fuzzy theory of variable field, a fuzzy control scheme of error graded variable field is proposed, and the starting model of motor is established by the control scheme. By designing fuzzy control module, error grading selection module and pulse voltage regulating module, the whole simulation system of fuzzy control motor soft start based on error grade variable theory field is constructed on Simulink platform. The simulation results show that this method has a remarkable effect on reducing impulse current, and its control time and control stability are better than that of general fuzzy control, which is suitable for the control requirements of ventilator motor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TD724

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