【摘要】：煤礦救生艙是保障煤礦遇險(xiǎn)人員生命安全的最后一道有效屏障。氧氣控制系統(tǒng)作為煤礦井下移動(dòng)救生艙控制系統(tǒng)分支之一，占有舉足輕重的地位。為了使遇險(xiǎn)人員能夠在艙內(nèi)有一段生存過(guò)渡時(shí)間，需要將救生艙內(nèi)氧氣濃度、溫濕度以及廢氣濃度等參數(shù)維持在一個(gè)安全范圍內(nèi)。精確地供氧可以提高救生艙系統(tǒng)的可靠性，有利于救援人員及艙內(nèi)被困人員對(duì)于救生艙控制系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行參數(shù)的掌握，有利于有限資源的節(jié)約，進(jìn)而延長(zhǎng)救援黃金時(shí)間來(lái)提高被困人員的生存幾率。 在煤礦救生艙氧氣系統(tǒng)方面，國(guó)內(nèi)相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)多數(shù)停留在供氧方式的選擇及其利弊分析、供氧裝置的設(shè)計(jì)，對(duì)于救生艙內(nèi)精確控制氧氣方面的文獻(xiàn)卻寥寥無(wú)幾。針對(duì)目前還沒(méi)有文獻(xiàn)對(duì)煤礦井下救生艙氧氣控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行數(shù)學(xué)建模，根據(jù)氧氣控制系統(tǒng)控制結(jié)構(gòu)創(chuàng)建了煤礦救生艙氧氣控制系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型。針對(duì)氧氣系統(tǒng)的控制算法及其利弊做了理論分析并以系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型為控制對(duì)象，利用MATLAB將模糊自整定PID與常規(guī)PID進(jìn)行仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)比。對(duì)比結(jié)果表明，模糊PID控制器不僅能夠改善系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)性能和靜態(tài)性能，還能夠提高系統(tǒng)的自適應(yīng)能力。因此模糊自整定PID更加適合應(yīng)用于煤礦救生艙氧氣自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。 系統(tǒng)以FPGA為控制器核心，，按照模塊化設(shè)計(jì)的思路對(duì)各個(gè)模塊分別進(jìn)行軟硬件設(shè)計(jì)。借助Verilog HDL對(duì)控制系統(tǒng)模糊PID算法、系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)采集輸入、時(shí)限動(dòng)態(tài)預(yù)估、驅(qū)動(dòng)輸出模塊等系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵部分進(jìn)行實(shí)現(xiàn)并仿真驗(yàn)證，最后再加以整合對(duì)氧氣系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)、時(shí)限預(yù)估、人工輔助調(diào)節(jié)等基本功能進(jìn)行實(shí)現(xiàn)，從而達(dá)到了智能、精確控制氧氣的目的。
[Abstract]:Mine rescue cabin is the last effective barrier to ensure the safety of coal mine personnel in distress. Oxygen control system is one of the branches of underground moving lifebuoy control system in coal mine, which plays an important role. In order to make the personnel in distress have a transitional time in the cabin, it is necessary to maintain the parameters of oxygen concentration, temperature, humidity and exhaust gas concentration in a safe range. The accurate oxygen supply can improve the reliability of the lifebuoy system, be helpful to the rescue workers and the trapped persons in the cabin to master the operation parameters of the control system of the lifebuoy, and is beneficial to the saving of limited resources. Thus prolonging the prime time of rescue to improve the survival probability of trapped people. In the aspect of the oxygen system of mine lifebuoy, most of the domestic literatures remain on the choice of oxygen supply mode and the analysis of its advantages and disadvantages. The design of oxygen supply device is very few for the precise control of oxygen in the lifebuoy. The mathematical model of oxygen control system of mine lifebuoy is established according to the control structure of oxygen control system. The control algorithm of oxygen system and its advantages and disadvantages are analyzed theoretically and the mathematical model of the system is taken as the control object. The fuzzy self-tuning pid is compared with the conventional pid by MATLAB. The results show that the fuzzy pid controller can not only improve the dynamic and static performance of the system, but also improve the adaptive ability of the system. Therefore, fuzzy self-tuning pid is more suitable for the design of automatic oxygen control system of mine lifebuoy. The system takes FPGA as the core of the controller and designs the software and hardware of each module according to the idea of modular design. With Verilog HDL, the key parts of the control system, such as fuzzy pid algorithm, system data acquisition and input, time-limit dynamic prediction, driving output module, are implemented and verified by simulation. Finally, the oxygen system is automatically adjusted and the time limit is estimated. Artificial auxiliary adjustment and other basic functions are realized to achieve the purpose of intelligent and accurate control of oxygen.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TD774

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