【摘要】：世界海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,水上事故風(fēng)險越來越大,事故造成的人員傷亡、財產(chǎn)損失和海洋環(huán)境的污染已經(jīng)引起全世界的廣泛關(guān)注。但是,水上事故的特殊性和救援環(huán)境的復(fù)雜性對水上事故的有效救援提出了更高的要求。特別針對水上重大事故,救援時間有限,應(yīng)急反應(yīng)基地的物資儲備不足,救助船舶運(yùn)力存在限制,如何在不確定的救援環(huán)境和時間、物資、運(yùn)力等多重約束下實(shí)現(xiàn)應(yīng)急物資及時可靠的調(diào)運(yùn)是本文要解決的關(guān)鍵問題。 本文首先闡述了水上事故的特點(diǎn)、分級響應(yīng)程序和救援資源的保障模式,由此創(chuàng)新性地提出由事故層、水上機(jī)動救助層、集結(jié)層和供應(yīng)層構(gòu)成的水陸多層級應(yīng)急物資協(xié)同調(diào)度網(wǎng)絡(luò)。接著是水上事故應(yīng)急物資調(diào)度問題的系統(tǒng)分析,其中特別對水上事故救援的需求特性、水上救援環(huán)境、應(yīng)急物資可供應(yīng)能力和運(yùn)輸工具載運(yùn)能力等影響因素進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析,為之后的建模分析奠定基礎(chǔ)。第三,針對應(yīng)急反應(yīng)基地的物資儲備量無法滿足水上重大事故的物資需求及其運(yùn)力無法滿足在應(yīng)急限制期內(nèi)將應(yīng)急物資一次性地運(yùn)往事故點(diǎn)的問題,考慮到多物資應(yīng)急調(diào)度存在優(yōu)先權(quán),構(gòu)建水陸兩階段多物資協(xié)同調(diào)度模型,第一階段解決基于應(yīng)急響應(yīng)時間最短的應(yīng)急反應(yīng)基地到事故點(diǎn)的物資調(diào)配問題,第二階段解決基于運(yùn)輸成本最小的陸上供應(yīng)點(diǎn)的動態(tài)物資供應(yīng)問題。然后,在此基礎(chǔ)上,借鑒水上救助目標(biāo)搜尋理論,提出水上漂移目標(biāo)應(yīng)急物資動態(tài)調(diào)度優(yōu)化方法。最后,給出求解算法,并用具體算例驗(yàn)證方法的合理性和有效性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the world marine economy, the risks of water accidents are becoming more and more serious. The casualties, property losses and pollution of marine environment caused by the accidents have attracted wide attention all over the world. However, the particularity of water accidents and the complexity of rescue environment put forward higher requirements for effective rescue of water accidents. Especially in the light of major accidents on water, limited rescue time, insufficient material reserves in emergency response bases, restrictions on the transportation capacity of rescue vessels, how to provide materials in uncertain rescue environment and time, The key problem to be solved in this paper is to realize the timely and reliable transportation of emergency materials under multiple constraints such as transportation capacity. In this paper, the characteristics of water accidents, the hierarchical response procedures and the protection mode of rescue resources are first expounded. From this, the accident layer, the water maneuvering rescue layer and the rescue layer are innovatively put forward. The water and land multi-level emergency materials cooperative dispatching network is composed of assembly layer and supply layer. Then there is the systematic analysis of the water accident emergency material scheduling problem, especially the demand characteristics of the water accident rescue, the water rescue environment, the supply capacity of emergency materials and the transportation capacity, and so on, and the influence factors such as the water accident rescue demand characteristic, the water rescue environment, the transportation tool carrying capacity and so on are analyzed in detail. It lays the foundation for the later modeling analysis. Third, in view of the fact that the quantity of materials in the emergency response base cannot meet the material needs of major accidents on the water and its transportation capacity, it is impossible to meet the problem of one-off transportation of emergency supplies to the accident site during the emergency limitation period. Considering the priority of multi-material emergency dispatching, a multi-stage multi-material cooperative scheduling model is constructed. In the first stage, the problem of material allocation from emergency response base to accident point is solved based on the shortest emergency response time. The second stage solves the problem of dynamic material supply based on the land supply point with the lowest transportation cost. Then, on the basis of this, using the theory of water rescue target search for reference, the dynamic scheduling optimization method of floating target emergency materials is put forward. Finally, the algorithm is given, and the rationality and validity of the method are verified by an example.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：U698

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本文編號：2120528