本文選題：引導(dǎo)員 + 疏散�。� 參考：《首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著城市軌道交通客流的急速上升,地鐵越來越成為市民最主要的交通工具,然而由于地鐵車站空間狹小、疏散路線長等結(jié)構(gòu)特點,一旦發(fā)生突發(fā)事件,極易造成擁擠踩踏事故,不僅會延誤疏散時間,而且極有可能造成大量人員的傷亡。因此在突發(fā)事件發(fā)生時,如何通過引導(dǎo)員來引導(dǎo)疏散,進(jìn)而提高人群疏散效率是本文的研究主旨所在。首先,本文通過文獻(xiàn)查閱及資料搜集對典型的人員疏散模擬仿真系統(tǒng)和模型進(jìn)行分析與比較,得出Building Exodus仿真軟件較其他模型更適合用于地鐵人員疏散研究。其次,創(chuàng)新地提出分區(qū)疏散及疏散分區(qū)的概念,并將確定引導(dǎo)員的數(shù)量、影響范圍及引導(dǎo)方案問題轉(zhuǎn)化為疏散分區(qū)問題。運用運籌學(xué)中分配問題的解決思路,建立了基于最短路徑原則的引導(dǎo)員疏散分區(qū)模型和考慮出口通行能力的引導(dǎo)員疏散分區(qū)優(yōu)化模型。通過該模型對整個疏散區(qū)域進(jìn)行分區(qū),來確定引導(dǎo)員的數(shù)量及引導(dǎo)范圍,并結(jié)合國內(nèi)外認(rèn)可程度頗高的Building Exodus人員疏散系統(tǒng),對所建立的模型進(jìn)行對比與分析,指出考慮出口通行能力的引導(dǎo)員疏散分區(qū)優(yōu)化模型,能夠提高疏散出口的利用率,有效減少疏散時間。最后,將考慮出口通行能力的引導(dǎo)員疏散分區(qū)優(yōu)化模型應(yīng)用到北京地鐵軍事博物館站,得出軍博站緊急情況下的疏散分區(qū),對比分析其引導(dǎo)效果,進(jìn)而為確定軍博站引導(dǎo)員的數(shù)量、位置范圍以及引導(dǎo)方案提供參考。
[Abstract]:With the rapid increase of urban rail transit passenger flow, subway has become the most important means of transportation. However, due to the narrow space of subway station, long evacuation route and other structural characteristics, once an emergency occurs, It is easy to cause crowded stampede, which will not only delay evacuation time, but also cause a large number of casualties. Therefore, how to guide the evacuation and improve the efficiency of evacuation is the main purpose of this paper. Firstly, through literature review and data collection, this paper analyzes and compares the typical simulation system and model of evacuation, and concludes that Building Exodus simulation software is more suitable for subway evacuation research than other models. Secondly, the concept of zone evacuation and evacuation zoning is put forward, and the problem of determining the number of guides, the scope of influence and the guiding scheme is transformed into the problem of evacuation zoning. Based on the idea of solving the assignment problem in operational research, the paper establishes the model of guide evacuation zoning based on the shortest path principle and the optimal model of guide personnel evacuation zoning considering the capacity of exit. The model is used to partition the whole evacuation area, to determine the number and scope of the guide, and to compare and analyze the model with the Building Exodus evacuation system, which has a high degree of recognition at home and abroad. It is pointed out that the optimal model of evacuation zoning considering exit capacity can improve the utilization ratio of evacuation exit and reduce the evacuation time effectively. Finally, the optimal model of evacuation zoning of guides considering the capacity of exit is applied to the Beijing Metro military Museum Station, and the evacuation zone of military Bo Station in emergency situation is obtained, and its guiding effect is compared and analyzed. Furthermore, it provides reference for determining the number, location range and guiding scheme of military blog station.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U298

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 王平,方正,袁建平,汪尚朋;高層建筑人員疏散模型及其驗證[J];火災(zāi)科學(xué);2005年02期

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本文編號：2114212