本文選題：光纖光柵傳感 + 鐵路邊坡防護網(wǎng)　； 參考：《武漢理工大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著我國高速鐵路干線的快速發(fā)展,為了保證鐵路在山區(qū)事故高發(fā)地區(qū)行車安全,需要對危及高速列車運行安全的各類自然災害及不明異物侵限等突發(fā)事件進行快速反應和及時處理。由此而生的鐵路邊坡監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)就是現(xiàn)代化鐵路運輸系統(tǒng)中不可缺少的重要技術(shù)保障,而防護網(wǎng)安全監(jiān)測就是其中十分重要的一環(huán)。 隨著光纖光柵傳感技術(shù)近年來在土木工程方面的成熟應用,基于其相關(guān)技術(shù)的鐵路邊坡防護網(wǎng)監(jiān)測預警系統(tǒng)在保證鐵路邊坡防護網(wǎng)的減災防災效果的同時,又克服了傳統(tǒng)電類監(jiān)測預警系統(tǒng)的缺點,具有抗電磁干擾、使用壽命長、響應時間短、光纖光纜傳輸信號、傳輸距離遠、可線路自檢、不漏報誤報、精確定位、集預警報警功能于一體等優(yōu)點,能夠?qū)ξ：﹁F路運行安全的危巖落石以及異物侵限進行實時報警。 目前,在將光纖光柵傳感技術(shù)利用在鐵路邊坡防護安全方面是國內(nèi)外的研究熱點。針對這一研究熱點,本文以“成蘭鐵路典型地質(zhì)災害自動監(jiān)測與預警技術(shù)研究”項目為背景,研究了用于防護網(wǎng)安全監(jiān)測的幾種傳感器技術(shù),并做了大量性能測試。同時將設計的部分傳感器安裝應用在現(xiàn)場的防護網(wǎng)沖擊試驗中,取得了初步的監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)。文章主要研究內(nèi)容如下： 1、介紹了近年來國內(nèi)外在鐵路邊坡防護網(wǎng)監(jiān)測預警技術(shù)上的研究進展與現(xiàn)狀,總結(jié)了光纖光柵傳感技術(shù)的傳感原理、應用現(xiàn)狀以及其獨特的應用優(yōu)勢。 2、介紹了剛性防護網(wǎng)與柔性防護網(wǎng)的主要受力部件,對適配于防護網(wǎng)的各類傳感器進行了設計。首先確定需要的傳感器類型,根據(jù)各類防護網(wǎng)各種部件的特點,優(yōu)化傳感器的形狀尺寸與封裝方法,總結(jié)了傳感器的安裝方法,以適合牢固安裝于防護網(wǎng)上。 3、在對不同類型的防護網(wǎng)施加不同級別的沖擊荷載,得到了在防護網(wǎng)上不同部件不同監(jiān)測點上傳感器測試到的實時數(shù)據(jù)。通過試驗數(shù)據(jù)重點分析了不同類型的防護網(wǎng)在最大防護能級下各監(jiān)測點的響應變化規(guī)律與響應值的大小特征、并與相關(guān)文獻中的理論模擬值進行了對比,分析了誤差產(chǎn)生的原因。 4、監(jiān)測預警方案確定。結(jié)合整個監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟成本等因素,初步確定傳感器種類、布點位置和數(shù)量等指標。并對后期整體監(jiān)測預警系統(tǒng)的搭建提出一些可行性的想法。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of high-speed railway trunk lines in China, in order to ensure the safety of railway in mountainous areas with high incidence of accidents, It is necessary to respond quickly and deal with all kinds of natural disasters and unknown foreign body intrusions which endanger the safety of high-speed trains. Therefore, the railway slope monitoring system is an indispensable technical guarantee in the modern railway transportation system, and the safety monitoring of the protective net is a very important part of it. With the mature application of fiber Bragg grating sensing technology in civil engineering in recent years, the monitoring and warning system of railway slope protection net based on its related technology not only ensures the effect of disaster reduction and prevention of railway slope protection net, but also ensures the disaster reduction and prevention effect of railway slope protection net. It also overcomes the shortcomings of traditional electric monitoring and warning system, such as anti-electromagnetic interference, long service life, short response time, fiber optic cable transmission signal, long transmission distance, line self-checking, no false alarm, accurate positioning, With the advantages of early warning and warning function, it can give real time alarm to the dangerous rock falling and the foreign body intruding which endangers the safety of railway operation. At present, the application of fiber Bragg grating sensing technology in the safety of railway slope protection is a hot spot at home and abroad. In view of this research hotspot, this paper takes the project of "automatic monitoring and early warning technology of typical geological hazards in Cheng-Lan Railway" as the background, studies several sensor technologies used in safety monitoring of protective net, and makes a lot of performance tests. At the same time, some sensors are installed in the field protection net impact test, and the preliminary monitoring data are obtained. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. The research progress and current situation of monitoring and warning technology of railway slope protection net at home and abroad in recent years are introduced, and the sensing principle of fiber Bragg grating sensing technology is summarized. The application status and its unique application advantages. 2. The main force components of rigid protective net and flexible protective net are introduced, and various kinds of sensors suitable for protective net are designed. First of all, the type of sensor is determined, according to the characteristics of various parts of the protective net, the shape and size of the sensor and the packaging method are optimized, and the installation method of the sensor is summarized. The real time data of sensors on different parts and different monitoring points are obtained by applying different levels of impact load to different types of protective nets. 3. Based on the experimental data, the law of response variation and the characteristics of response values of different types of protective nets under the maximum protective energy level are analyzed, and compared with the theoretical simulation values in related literature. The causes of error are analyzed. 4. The scheme of monitoring and warning is determined. Combined with the economic cost of the whole monitoring system, the types of sensors, location and quantity of sensors are preliminarily determined. And put forward some feasible ideas to build the whole monitoring and early warning system in the later stage.
【學位授予單位】：武漢理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：U298;TP212

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