本文選題：巷道超前探水 + 瞬變電磁法��； 參考：《安徽理工大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),隨著我國(guó)煤炭資源開采向深部發(fā)展,巷道掘進(jìn)呈現(xiàn)出多災(zāi)源地質(zhì)特征,水害作為其中一個(gè)主要因素,已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重影響到煤礦安全生產(chǎn)。當(dāng)前,瞬變電磁技術(shù)已成為巷道掘進(jìn)超前水害探查的主要手段之一,但受儀器設(shè)備、數(shù)據(jù)采集方式、數(shù)據(jù)處理與解釋方法等限制,其測(cè)試效果還不能滿足實(shí)際生產(chǎn)需求,因此積極開展巷道瞬變電磁超前探測(cè)技術(shù)研究具有重要的理論和實(shí)踐意義。 論文以現(xiàn)有研究成果為基礎(chǔ),對(duì)巷道掘進(jìn)瞬變電磁超前探水技術(shù)進(jìn)行研究,其中：(1)通過(guò)對(duì)巷道瞬變電磁探測(cè)常規(guī)理論及解釋方法的總結(jié)分析,推導(dǎo)了多匝方形小回線源瞬變場(chǎng)的階躍響應(yīng)公式,誤差分析結(jié)果表明了其準(zhǔn)確性；(2)通過(guò)對(duì)Maxwell方程組的時(shí)域有限差分算法進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)研究,特別是對(duì)其中瞬變場(chǎng)源的設(shè)置進(jìn)行改進(jìn),基于VC++.Net編制了3D FDTD程序,并結(jié)合巷道掘進(jìn)地質(zhì)條件,選擇巷道前方立方體、板狀體及柱狀體含水模型進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,揭示了不同模型條件下瞬變場(chǎng)的全空間擴(kuò)散規(guī)律及回線中心異常場(chǎng)響應(yīng)特征；(3)通過(guò)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)、數(shù)據(jù)處理與解釋方法研究,改進(jìn)并形成了一整套巷道瞬變電磁超前探測(cè)技術(shù)。其中通過(guò)對(duì)儀器主機(jī)功能及參數(shù)、回線裝置形式及阻尼狀態(tài)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化與匹配,提高了實(shí)測(cè)瞬變場(chǎng)數(shù)據(jù)的采集精度,特別是增強(qiáng)了早、中延時(shí)段數(shù)據(jù)采集質(zhì)量的可靠性。結(jié)合巷道測(cè)試條件,對(duì)現(xiàn)有三斷面觀測(cè)方式的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析,提出四斷面超前探測(cè)布置方式,增強(qiáng)對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)數(shù)據(jù)的觀測(cè)力度�？紤]儀器實(shí)際探測(cè)時(shí)存在電流關(guān)斷時(shí)間,在充分分析關(guān)斷時(shí)間對(duì)瞬變場(chǎng)源激勵(lì)頻譜和瞬變場(chǎng)的影響范圍基礎(chǔ)上,推導(dǎo)全空間條件下全程視電阻率計(jì)算方法,并通過(guò)對(duì)扇形觀測(cè)條件下,不同角度測(cè)點(diǎn)在巷道前方形成的煙圈交匯特征分析,提出視電阻率擴(kuò)散疊加解釋方法；(4)針對(duì)掘進(jìn)工作面干擾因素中錨桿干擾進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)探討,通過(guò)對(duì)井下兩根錨桿的測(cè)試,獲得了錨桿的干擾范圍及不同范圍的干擾程度,一定程度上為現(xiàn)場(chǎng)數(shù)據(jù)采集與校正提供依據(jù)。通過(guò)構(gòu)建井下水倉(cāng)模型,對(duì)巷道前方25m處100m3水倉(cāng)水量及其瞬變場(chǎng)響應(yīng)的動(dòng)態(tài)觀測(cè),獲得巷道前方弱含水體的瞬變場(chǎng)響應(yīng)特點(diǎn)。理論數(shù)據(jù)、物理實(shí)驗(yàn)及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)探查應(yīng)用結(jié)果表明,改進(jìn)形成的瞬變電磁超前探水系統(tǒng)對(duì)瞬變場(chǎng)數(shù)據(jù)采集具有優(yōu)越性,其超前探測(cè)的電性成像效果良好。 通過(guò)理論與實(shí)踐研究,論文取得了對(duì)巷道瞬變電磁超前探水的諸多認(rèn)識(shí),所形成的瞬變電磁測(cè)試技術(shù)系統(tǒng)在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)探測(cè)中實(shí)用性強(qiáng)。由于瞬變電磁探測(cè)系統(tǒng)較為復(fù)雜,受時(shí)間限制,今后還需要在探測(cè)基礎(chǔ)理論、含水體弱信號(hào)提取、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)干擾因素校正等方面進(jìn)行深入研究,為進(jìn)一步提高掘進(jìn)探水效果奠定堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ),確保巷道掘進(jìn)的安全生產(chǎn)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of coal resources in China, the roadway excavation presents the geological characteristics of multiple disaster sources. Water hazard, as one of the main factors, has seriously affected the safety of coal mine production. At present, transient electromagnetic technology has become one of the main means to detect water hazards in advance of roadway excavation. However, due to the limitation of instruments and equipment, data acquisition methods, data processing and interpretation methods, the test results can not meet the actual production requirements. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to actively carry out the research on the transient electromagnetic advance detection technology of roadway. Based on the existing research results, this paper studies the transient electromagnetic advance water detection technology of roadway tunneling. By summing up and analyzing the conventional theory and interpretation method of transient electromagnetic detection in roadway, the step response formula of multi-turn square small loop source transient field is derived. The error analysis results show its accuracy. (2) through the systematic research on the finite difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm of Maxwell equations, especially the improvement of the setting of transient field source, a 3D FDTD program based on VC. Net is developed. Combined with the geological conditions of roadway excavation, the water content models of cube, plate and column in front of roadway are selected for numerical simulation. This paper reveals the whole spatial diffusion law of the transient field under different model conditions and the response characteristics of the anomalous field in the center of the loop. The data acquisition system, data processing and interpretation methods are studied. Improved and formed a set of tunnel transient electromagnetic advance detection technology. By optimizing and matching the functions and parameters of the instrument mainframe, the form of loop device and the damping state, the acquisition accuracy of the measured transient field data is improved, especially the reliability of the data acquisition quality in the early and middle delay section is enhanced. Based on the test conditions of roadway, the characteristics of the existing observation methods of three sections are analyzed, and the arrangement of advance detection of four sections is put forward to enhance the observation intensity of the field data. Considering the existence of current turn-off time in the actual detection of the instrument, on the basis of fully analyzing the influence of turn-off time on the excitation spectrum and transient field of the transient field source, a method for calculating the full-range apparent resistivity under the full space condition is derived. By analyzing the characteristics of smoke ring intersection formed in front of roadway at different angle measuring points under the condition of fan shape observation, a superposition interpretation method of apparent resistivity diffusion is put forward in this paper. Through the test of two anchors underground, the interference range of the bolt and the interference degree of different range are obtained, which provides the basis for the field data collection and correction to a certain extent. By constructing the underground water bunker model, the dynamic observation of the water quantity and its transient field response of 100m3 silo at 25m in front of the roadway is carried out, and the characteristics of the transient field response of the weakly water bearing water in front of the tunnel are obtained. The theoretical data, physical experiments and field exploration results show that the improved transient electromagnetic advanced water detection system is superior to the transient field data acquisition, and the electrical imaging effect of the advanced detection is good. In this paper, a lot of understanding of the transient electromagnetic advance water detection in roadway has been obtained, and the transient electromagnetic testing system has been formed, which is very practical in the field detection. Due to the complexity of transient electromagnetic detection system and the limitation of time, it is necessary to further study the basic theory of detection, the extraction of weak signals with water content, the correction of field interference factors, and so on. It lays a solid foundation for further improving the water exploration effect of tunneling and ensures the safe production of roadway excavation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P631.325;TD745

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本文編號(hào)：1995253