發(fā)布時間：2018-06-02 17:03

  本文選題：礦井火災(zāi) + 火區(qū)封閉　； 參考：《湖南科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：煤礦火災(zāi)是嚴(yán)重危害煤炭安全生產(chǎn)的五大災(zāi)害之一，其具有突發(fā)、火勢迅猛和救災(zāi)困難等特點。當(dāng)?shù)V井發(fā)生的火災(zāi)直接滅火困難使火災(zāi)持續(xù)了2小時以上時，為了控制火勢的發(fā)展，便需要對發(fā)生火災(zāi)的區(qū)域兩端進(jìn)行封閉，然后向火區(qū)內(nèi)注入惰性氣體、灌漿、注水等進(jìn)行滅火。但在進(jìn)行封閉的過程中或封閉后，由于風(fēng)流紊亂等原因火區(qū)內(nèi)可能會發(fā)生瓦斯爆炸，使火災(zāi)救災(zāi)的效果未能達(dá)到。 對火區(qū)的封閉有“先進(jìn)后回”、“先回后進(jìn)”和同時封閉三種順序。不同封閉順序下機械風(fēng)壓、火風(fēng)壓等影響火區(qū)內(nèi)風(fēng)流流動的因素也在發(fā)生著不同的變化。本文以煤礦火災(zāi)的燃燒特征、煙流流動等理論為基礎(chǔ)，根據(jù)火災(zāi)燃燒過程中可能發(fā)生的物理化學(xué)反應(yīng)和井巷特點，分析了火區(qū)中氣體和煙流的來源和成分；并以氧氣為例，通過公式推導(dǎo)描述了火區(qū)內(nèi)氣體濃度變化的特點。 分別運用公式對正常通風(fēng)條件下和火區(qū)封閉后火區(qū)內(nèi)煙氣層的運移和可燃?xì)怏w層的濃度分布進(jìn)行了描述；列出瓦斯涌出和運移的五種形式和火災(zāi)時期火區(qū)可能出現(xiàn)的四種風(fēng)流紊亂形式，并分別對其特點進(jìn)行了描述。分析了封閉順序?qū)饏^(qū)氣體運移的影響，研究了機械風(fēng)壓與火風(fēng)壓的耦合作用，并通過公式推導(dǎo)分析了火區(qū)風(fēng)壓的改變對火區(qū)內(nèi)氣體運移的影響。 運用Gambit建立了發(fā)生火災(zāi)巷道的三維物理模型，并對火災(zāi)流場模型進(jìn)行了恰當(dāng)?shù)脑O(shè)定，對控制火區(qū)氣體流動的方程組進(jìn)行了描述；并選定了火災(zāi)模擬的湍流模型等，擬定了對火區(qū)封閉數(shù)值模擬的邊界條件和初始條件。然后運用Fluent軟件對不同封閉順序下巷道封閉火區(qū)內(nèi)氣體運移進(jìn)行了三維數(shù)值模擬。根據(jù)模擬結(jié)果，分析了不同封閉順序封閉過程中和完成后火區(qū)內(nèi)氣體的運移規(guī)律。并通過分析不同條件下火區(qū)內(nèi)的溫度、瓦斯?jié)舛群脱鯕鉂舛?得到火區(qū)內(nèi)發(fā)生瓦斯爆炸的危險性，從而討論各種封閉順序的安全性。根據(jù)分析結(jié)果，，對封閉順序的選擇、防火墻的構(gòu)建及布置和火區(qū)的管理等措施提出了一些建議。最終為火區(qū)封閉順序的選擇提供了理論基礎(chǔ)，提高火災(zāi)救災(zāi)的安全性。
[Abstract]:Coal mine fire is one of the five major disasters which seriously endangering the safety of coal production. It has the characteristics of sudden, rapid fire and disaster relief. When the fire is difficult to fire for more than 2 hours, the fire disaster should be closed to the two ends of the fire disaster and then inject into the fire area. Inert gas, grouting, water injection and so on are used to extinguish the fire. However, gas explosion may occur in the fire area due to the disturbance of wind and flow in the closed process. The effect of the fire disaster relief can not be reached.
The closure of the fire area has "advanced back back", "back and forth" and closed three order. The factors that affect the flow of wind flow in the fire area under the different closure order, such as mechanical wind pressure and Huo Feng pressure, are also different. This paper is based on the theory of the combustion characteristics of the coal mine and the flow of smoke flow and so on, according to the fire combustion process. The source and composition of the gas and the smoke flow in the fire area are analyzed, and the characteristics of the gas concentration change in the fire area are described by the formula derivation.
The movement of the smoke layer and the concentration distribution of the combustible gas layer in the closed fire zone under normal ventilation and fire area are described respectively. Five forms of gas emission and migration and four kinds of possible forms of wind turbulence may appear in fire zone in fire period are listed, and their characteristics are described respectively. The closure sequence is analyzed. In the influence of gas migration in the fire area, the coupling effect of mechanical wind pressure and Huo Feng pressure is studied, and the influence of the change of wind pressure on the gas migration in the fire area is analyzed by formula deduction.
The three-dimensional physical model of fire roadway was established by Gambit, and the fire flow field model was set properly. The equations for controlling the gas flow in the fire area were described. The turbulent model of the fire simulation was selected and the boundary conditions and initial conditions for the closed numerical simulation of the fire area were drawn up. Then the soft Fluent was used. Three dimensional numerical simulation of gas migration in closed fire area under different closed sequence was carried out. According to the simulation results, the gas movement in the closed sequence closed process and after the completion of the fire area was analyzed. By analyzing the temperature, gas concentration and oxygen concentration in the fire area under different conditions, the gas explosion occurred in the fire area. The safety of all kinds of closed order is discussed. According to the results of the analysis, some suggestions are put forward for the selection of closed sequence, the construction and arrangement of firewalls and the management of fire area. Finally, the theoretical basis is provided for the selection of the closed sequence of fire area, and the safety of the fire disaster relief is improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TD75

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 汪月偉;近距離煤層同采采空區(qū)自然發(fā)火防治技術(shù)研究[D];中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)（北京）;2015年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 駱偉;機掘工作面多風(fēng)口壓抽結(jié)合混合式通風(fēng)數(shù)值模擬研究[D];湖南科技大學(xué);2014年

2 陳理帥;中速磨煤機石子煤排放優(yōu)化研究[D];浙江大學(xué);2015年

本文編號：1969520