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  本文選題：硫化礦石 + 自燃��； 參考：《中南大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：硫化礦石自燃是金屬礦山開采中面臨的重大災(zāi)害之一,火災(zāi)的發(fā)生將引發(fā)一系列的安全與環(huán)境問題,并且造成經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。長期以來,人們對硫化礦石自燃的防治理論與技術(shù)進(jìn)行了多方面的研究,但由于硫化礦石自燃過程的復(fù)雜性和經(jīng)濟(jì)上的限制,許多問題未能得到完美的解決。 在系統(tǒng)、深入分析已有研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,采取理論分析、實(shí)驗(yàn)測定與實(shí)踐應(yīng)用相結(jié)合的研究手段,針對硫化礦石自燃的機(jī)理、影響因素和傾向性鑒定測試技術(shù)這3方面做了大量的研究工作,取得了顯著的效果。主要研究內(nèi)容及成果如下： (1)通過對硫化礦石自燃全過程分析,對硫化礦石自燃機(jī)理進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充。把硫化礦石自燃全過程分為5個階段：破碎引起的機(jī)械力化學(xué)變化、物理吸附、低溫氧化、高溫氧化和燃燒,詳細(xì)介紹了各階段的定義與物理化學(xué)變化,補(bǔ)充了物物理吸附水理論和燃燒理論,完善了硫化礦石自燃機(jī)理及自燃傾向性鑒定的理論依據(jù)。詳細(xì)分析了硫化礦石氧化過程中單質(zhì)硫的生成對自燃點(diǎn)的影響。 (2)對硫化礦石自燃傾向性鑒定的影響因素如含水率、溫度、粒徑和產(chǎn)塵特性進(jìn)行了補(bǔ)充性研究。對硫化礦石含水率重新定義,劃分為初始含水率與含濕率,并分別研究二者對硫化礦石氧化速度的影響。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)和數(shù)據(jù)分析,證明了初始含水率對硫化礦石氧化速度的影響貫穿始末,證明了硫化礦石堆的氧化速度與溫度呈正比關(guān)系。對4種礦石進(jìn)行了產(chǎn)塵特性分析,證明了各礦石的產(chǎn)塵特性存在差異。用氧化增重法證明了破碎程度不同的礦石反應(yīng)鈍化現(xiàn)象差異不明顯。 (3)應(yīng)用既有的理論和本文的研究結(jié)論,對天馬山硫金礦的硫化礦石進(jìn)行自燃傾向性鑒定,并依據(jù)試驗(yàn)中發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題改進(jìn)了硫化礦石自燃點(diǎn)測試方法。采用吸氧速度法、化學(xué)成分分析法、氧化增重法、自熱點(diǎn)測定和自燃點(diǎn)測定對這些礦石進(jìn)行了自燃傾向性鑒定和排序。對早燃點(diǎn)的問題進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)研究,完善了早燃點(diǎn)對自燃點(diǎn)的影響的機(jī)理,改進(jìn)了自燃點(diǎn)測試方法。
[Abstract]:Spontaneous combustion of sulfide ore is one of the major disasters in metal mining. Fire will cause a series of safety and environmental problems and cause economic losses. For a long time, the theory and technology of preventing and curing spontaneous combustion of sulfide ore have been studied in many aspects. However, due to the complexity and economic limitation of the process of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ore, many problems have not been solved perfectly. On the basis of systematic and in-depth analysis of the existing research results, the mechanism of spontaneous combustion of sulphide ores is studied by means of combining theoretical analysis, experimental determination and practical application. A great deal of research work has been done on influencing factors and tendentiousness testing techniques, and remarkable results have been obtained. The main contents and results of the study are as follows: 1) by analyzing the whole process of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores, the mechanism of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores is supplemented. The whole process of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores is divided into five stages: mechanical chemical change caused by crushing, physical adsorption, low temperature oxidation, high temperature oxidation and combustion. The definition and physicochemical changes of each stage are introduced in detail. The physical adsorption water theory and combustion theory are supplemented to improve the mechanism of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores and the theoretical basis for the identification of spontaneous combustion tendency of sulfide ores. The influence of the formation of sulfur on the spontaneous combustion point during the oxidation of sulfide ore was analyzed in detail. The influencing factors such as moisture content, temperature, particle size and dust-producing characteristics of sulfide ore are studied in this paper. The moisture content of sulfide ore was redefined and divided into initial moisture content and moisture content, and the effects of them on oxidation rate of sulfide ore were studied respectively. The effect of initial moisture content on oxidation rate of sulfide ore is proved by experiment and data analysis. It is proved that the oxidation rate of sulfide ore heap is proportional to temperature. The dust-producing characteristics of four kinds of ores are analyzed and it is proved that there are differences in the dust-producing characteristics of each ore. The reaction passivation of ore with different degree of fragmentation was proved to have no obvious difference by means of oxidation and weight gain method. (3) based on the existing theory and the conclusion of this paper, the spontaneous combustion tendency of sulphide ore in Tianma Mountain sulfur gold mine is identified, and the test method of spontaneous combustion point of sulfide ore is improved according to the problems found in the experiment. The autoignition tendency of the ores was evaluated by oxygen absorption rate method, chemical component analysis method, oxidation weight gain method, self-hot spot measurement and spontaneous combustion point measurement. The problem of the early ignition point is studied in detail, the mechanism of the influence of the early ignition point on the spontaneous ignition point is improved, and the test method of the self-ignition point is improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TD752.2

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本文編號：1943244