本文選題：礦坑涌水量 + 臨界水力梯度��； 參考：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：礦坑涌水量的大小是確定礦床水文地質(zhì)復(fù)雜程度的重要指標(biāo),同時也是設(shè)計部門確定排水設(shè)備和防治水措施的主要依據(jù),更是影響礦床經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)評價的關(guān)鍵因素,然而,受勘探程度、水文地質(zhì)概念模型概化及認(rèn)知水平等因素的影響,現(xiàn)階段其預(yù)測結(jié)果仍處于近似水平,部分礦區(qū)預(yù)測值誤差較大。為此,迫切需要圍繞礦坑涌水量預(yù)測過程,剖析開采條件下礦坑涌水量動態(tài)變化特征,以進(jìn)一步提高預(yù)測結(jié)果的可靠度。本文通過構(gòu)建不同滲透率比值的室內(nèi)物理模型,揭示了連續(xù)介質(zhì)中發(fā)生非連續(xù)流的基本條件;建立了臨界水力梯度與上下介質(zhì)滲透率比值的關(guān)系。以安徽省某一典型金屬礦床為例,在詳細(xì)分析礦區(qū)地質(zhì)及水文地質(zhì)條件的基礎(chǔ)上,概化了研究區(qū)水文地質(zhì)概念模型,建立了數(shù)值模型;結(jié)合礦床開發(fā)利用方案,考慮礦坑排水過程中水流變化特征,預(yù)測了礦坑涌水量,探討了礦坑涌水量隨開采時間、開采水平的變化規(guī)律與特征,并與解析法結(jié)果進(jìn)行了對比分析。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)滲透率比值的大小是連續(xù)介質(zhì)中發(fā)生非連續(xù)流的基本條件,而初始水頭、上層介質(zhì)厚度對雙層水位現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生影響較小;(2)依據(jù)介質(zhì)滲透率變化實驗及理論推導(dǎo),明確了發(fā)生“雙層水位”現(xiàn)象時的臨界水力梯度與介質(zhì)滲透率比值呈指數(shù)關(guān)系;(3)礦床開采后,隨著開采活動的進(jìn)行,礦坑涌水量不是一固定不變的值,而是隨開采時間和開采水平發(fā)生變化;同一開采水平,在礦床頂?shù)装宀话l(fā)生冒頂?shù)仁鹿蕳l件下,其大小隨開采時間逐漸衰減,并逐漸趨于穩(wěn)定,不同開采水平下,受充水條件及承壓水頭等的影響,礦坑涌水量也將發(fā)生變化。研究實例中,-400m、-450m、-500m三個開采水平的礦坑涌水量最后分別穩(wěn)定于3992 m~3/d、4545 m~3/d、5140m~3/d。上述研究結(jié)果,可望為更好的分析礦排水對周邊水環(huán)境的影響、合理設(shè)計礦區(qū)排水能力與防治水方案提供科學(xué)依據(jù),以期為其它類似礦區(qū)礦坑涌水量的預(yù)測提供參考與借鑒。
[Abstract]:The size of mine water discharge is an important index to determine the hydrogeological complexity of the deposit, and is also the main basis for the design department to determine the drainage equipment and water control measures, and it is also a key factor affecting the economic and technical evaluation of the deposit. Under the influence of exploration degree, hydrogeological conceptual model generalizability and cognitive level, the prediction results are still at the approximate level at present, and the error of prediction values in some mining areas is large. Therefore, it is urgent to analyze the characteristics of dynamic variation of water inflow under mining conditions in order to improve the reliability of the prediction results. By constructing indoor physical models of different permeability ratios, this paper reveals the basic conditions for the occurrence of non-continuous flow in continuous media, and establishes the relationship between critical hydraulic gradient and the ratio of permeability of upper and lower media. Taking a typical metal deposit in Anhui Province as an example, on the basis of detailed analysis of geological and hydrogeological conditions of the ore area, the conceptual model of hydrogeology in the study area is generalized, and a numerical model is established, which is combined with the scheme of exploitation and utilization of the deposit. Considering the characteristics of water flow in the process of mine drainage, this paper predicts the water inflow of mine pit, discusses the variation law and characteristics of water discharge with mining time and mining level, and makes a comparative analysis with the results of analytical method. The results show that the ratio of permeability to permeability is the basic condition for the occurrence of non-continuous flow in continuous medium, while the initial water head and the thickness of upper media have less influence on the occurrence of double-layer water level phenomenon. It is clear that the critical hydraulic gradient and the permeability ratio of the medium are exponentially related to the occurrence of "double water level" phenomenon. After mining, with the development of mining activities, the water inflow of the pit is not a fixed value. At the same mining level, under the condition of no roof and bottom roof falling, the size of the mining decreases gradually with mining time, and tends to be stable, at different mining levels, Under the influence of water filling condition and pressure head, the water inflow of mine will also change. In the case study, the water inflow of mine pit at the three mining levels of -400mg ~ 450mg ~ 500m is stable at 3992 mv / d 4545mt / d ~ 5140m/ d ~ 3 / d, respectively. The above results are expected to provide a scientific basis for the better analysis of the influence of mine drainage on the surrounding water environment, the rational design of mine drainage capacity and the prevention and control scheme, and the reference for the prediction of mine water discharge in other similar mining areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD742

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本文編號：1937371