本文選題：邊坡監(jiān)測(cè) + 邊坡變形　； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：本文以尖山磷礦邊坡為研究對(duì)象,在廣泛地質(zhì)調(diào)研的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了尖山磷礦邊坡的地質(zhì)環(huán)境特征、工程地質(zhì)特性、巖體結(jié)構(gòu)特征,同時(shí)通過對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外邊坡監(jiān)測(cè)方法和技術(shù)的適用性評(píng)價(jià)的基礎(chǔ)上,建立TM30+GeoMos尖山磷礦邊坡自動(dòng)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)；根據(jù)監(jiān)測(cè)過程中獲取的監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),采用插補(bǔ)方法和奇異值檢驗(yàn)方法對(duì)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了預(yù)處理研究,在預(yù)處理研究和邊坡滑移機(jī)理研究的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)邊坡的變形分析方法進(jìn)行研究,分析了尖山磷礦邊坡變形時(shí)空演化規(guī)律、變形特征和失穩(wěn)模式。在邊坡變形預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)報(bào)模型應(yīng)用研究的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合邊坡綜合預(yù)報(bào)預(yù)警判據(jù),開展了邊坡綜合預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)報(bào)方法研究。 通過尖山磷礦邊坡的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)、變形分析、預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)報(bào)模型研究和預(yù)報(bào)預(yù)警判據(jù)研究,主要取得了以下研究成果： (1)實(shí)現(xiàn)了尖山磷礦邊坡自動(dòng)監(jiān)測(cè)。在對(duì)尖山磷礦邊坡工程地質(zhì)環(huán)境分析的基礎(chǔ)上,確定該邊坡監(jiān)測(cè)以表面變形監(jiān)測(cè)為主,輔以裂縫觀測(cè)、巡視檢查相結(jié)合的監(jiān)測(cè)方案。在監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)適用性分析的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合監(jiān)測(cè)成本和監(jiān)測(cè)效果等因素,確定了尖山磷礦邊坡采用測(cè)量機(jī)器人技術(shù)對(duì)該邊坡進(jìn)行表面變形監(jiān)測(cè),建立TM30+GeoMos尖山磷礦邊坡自動(dòng)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng),實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)尖山磷礦邊坡進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)、動(dòng)態(tài)、自動(dòng)監(jiān)測(cè)。從監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果反映的實(shí)際情況看,尖山磷礦邊坡監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)較為合理,獲取的監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)為邊坡失穩(wěn)破壞災(zāi)害的預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)報(bào)及工程治理效果分析提供了可靠的科學(xué)依據(jù),與常規(guī)方法相比測(cè)量機(jī)器人具有效率高、精度高、自動(dòng)化程度高、維護(hù)方便、運(yùn)行成本低等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 (2)實(shí)現(xiàn)了尖山磷礦邊坡變形的實(shí)時(shí)、動(dòng)態(tài)綜合分析。在對(duì)邊坡的滑移機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析的基礎(chǔ)上,認(rèn)為對(duì)邊坡體上監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)的變形量的大小由監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)的位移量或位移速率來決定,邊坡體上監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)方向由位移矢量角和方位角來決定。傳統(tǒng)的分析方法只考慮位移量或位移速率的大小,沒有結(jié)合滑移方向來綜合分析,這種分析方法不夠全面。因此,本文提出綜合位移-時(shí)間序列分析法、位移速率角分析法、位移矢量角分析法、和位移方位角分析法和三維位移矢量場(chǎng)分析法的邊坡變形綜合分析方法,編寫邊坡變形分析程序,實(shí)現(xiàn)了尖山磷礦邊坡變形的實(shí)時(shí)、動(dòng)態(tài)綜合分析。 (3)提出了邊坡變形三維位移矢量場(chǎng)分析方法。針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)邊坡變形二維位移矢量場(chǎng)分析方法的不足,本文提出了邊坡變形三維位移矢量場(chǎng)圖分析方法,分析得出尖山磷礦邊坡整體的變形失穩(wěn)模式為滑移-彎曲型,即邊坡體上部呈整體下滑的趨勢(shì),監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)F1、F2、F3三個(gè)監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)隆起現(xiàn)象較為明顯,邊坡體在監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)F1、F2、F3周圍的一定范圍內(nèi)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了潰屈破壞。應(yīng)用研究表明,該方法可以直觀、準(zhǔn)確地分析邊坡變形特征及失穩(wěn)模式,是分析邊坡變形失穩(wěn)模式的一種可靠的新方法。 (4)立邊坡失穩(wěn)破壞預(yù)報(bào)預(yù)警綜合判據(jù)。根據(jù)邊坡位移-時(shí)間過程曲線、邊坡位移矢量角、邊坡位移速率角、邊坡位移方位角、邊坡突變級(jí)數(shù)以及邊坡宏觀變形特征,采用定性分析和定量分析方法,建立了注意級(jí)(藍(lán)色)、警示級(jí)(黃色)、警戒級(jí)(橙色)、預(yù)報(bào)級(jí)(紅色)四個(gè)級(jí)別的多參數(shù)綜合預(yù)警判據(jù)。 (5)現(xiàn)了尖山磷礦邊坡動(dòng)態(tài)、綜合預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)報(bào)。將邊坡失穩(wěn)預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)報(bào)模型和預(yù)報(bào)預(yù)警判據(jù)相結(jié)合,開展了動(dòng)態(tài)、綜合預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)報(bào)方法研究,編寫了綜合預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)報(bào)程序。實(shí)現(xiàn)了尖山磷礦邊坡動(dòng)態(tài)、綜合預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)報(bào)。當(dāng)尖山磷礦邊坡進(jìn)入橙色預(yù)警時(shí),及時(shí)發(fā)出預(yù)報(bào),并提出了應(yīng)急處置措施。該預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)報(bào)程序在尖山磷礦邊坡的應(yīng)用表明,該程序發(fā)揮了保證尖山磷礦露天采場(chǎng)安全、高效生產(chǎn)的作用,可在類似條件的邊坡工程中加以推廣應(yīng)用。
[Abstract]:Taking the Jianshan phosphate rock slope as the research object, on the basis of extensive geological investigation, the geological environment characteristics, engineering geological characteristics and rock structure characteristics of the Jianshan phosphate rock slope are analyzed, and the TM30+GeoMos Jianshan phosphate rock slope automatic monitoring system is set up on the basis of the evaluation of the applicability of the monitoring methods and technology of the slope at home and abroad. According to the monitoring data obtained in the monitoring process, the monitoring data are pretreated by the interpolation method and the singular value test method. On the basis of the study of the preprocessing and the study of the slope sliding mechanism, the deformation analysis method of the slope is studied. The temporal and spatial evolution law, the deformation characteristics and the loss of the deformation of the phosphorus mine slope in Jianshan are analyzed. On the basis of the application of the slope deformation prediction model, combined with the comprehensive prediction and early warning criterion of slope, the comprehensive prediction method of slope is carried out.
Through the field monitoring, deformation analysis, prediction model research and prediction and early warning criterion research of Jianshan phosphate mine slope, the following achievements have been achieved:
(1) the automatic monitoring of the Jianshan phosphate rock slope is realized. On the basis of the analysis of the engineering geological environment of the Jianshan phosphate rock slope, it is determined that the slope monitoring is mainly based on the surface deformation monitoring, and the monitoring scheme is combined with the crack observation and inspection inspection. On the basis of the analysis of the applicability of the monitoring technology, the monitoring cost and the monitoring effect are combined. Jianshan phosphate rock slope is determined by measuring robot technology to monitor the surface deformation of the slope, and the automatic monitoring system of TM30+GeoMos Jianshan phosphate rock slope is established. The real-time, dynamic and automatic monitoring of the Jianshan phosphate rock slope is realized. From the actual situation reflected by the monitoring results, the Jianshan phosphate rock slope monitoring system is more reasonable and obtained. The monitoring data provide a reliable scientific basis for the prediction of slope instability and failure disaster and the analysis of the effect of engineering treatment. Compared with the conventional methods, the robot has the advantages of high efficiency, high precision, high automation, convenient maintenance and low running cost.
(2) the real time and dynamic comprehensive analysis of the slope deformation of Jianshan phosphate rock is realized. On the basis of the analysis of the sliding mechanism of the slope, it is believed that the size of the deformation of the monitoring point on the slope is determined by the displacement or displacement rate of the monitoring point. The direction of the monitoring point on the slope is determined by the displacement vector angle and azimuth angle. The analysis method only considers the size of displacement or displacement rate and does not combine the direction of slip. This method is not comprehensive enough. Therefore, this paper proposes a comprehensive displacement time series analysis method, displacement rate angle analysis method, displacement vector angle analysis method, displacement azimuth analysis method and three-dimensional displacement vector field analysis method. The comprehensive analysis method of slope deformation is used to compile the slope deformation analysis program. The real-time and dynamic comprehensive analysis of the slope deformation of Jianshan phosphate mine is realized.
(3) a three-dimensional displacement vector field analysis method for slope deformation is proposed. Aiming at the deficiency of the traditional two dimensional displacement vector field analysis method of the traditional slope deformation, a three-dimensional displacement vector field map analysis method is proposed in this paper. The analysis shows that the overall deformation instability mode of the Jianshan phosphate rock slope is a slip bending type, that is, the upper side of the slope is down as a whole. The trend of three monitoring points of monitoring points, F1, F2 and F3, is more obvious. The slope has been destroyed in a certain range around the monitoring point F1, F2 and F3. The application study shows that the method can directly and accurately analyze the deformation characteristics and the instability mode of the slope, which is a reliable new method for the analysis of the slope deformation and instability mode.
(4) a comprehensive criterion for prediction and early warning of slope instability failure. According to the slope displacement time process curve, slope displacement vector angle, slope displacement rate angle, slope displacement azimuth angle, slope catastrophe progression and slope macroscopic deformation characteristics, the qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis method are adopted to establish the attention level (blue), warning level (yellow) and alert level. Orange (Orange), the forecast level (red) four levels of multi parameter comprehensive warning criteria.
(5) the dynamic of Jianshan phosphate rock slope is presented, and the forecast prediction is integrated. The dynamic, comprehensive prediction and prediction method is carried out with the combination of the prediction model of slope instability prediction and prediction and early warning criterion. The comprehensive prediction and prediction program has been compiled. The dynamic of the Jianshan phosphate rock slope is realized and the prediction is integrated. When the Jianshan phosphate rock slope enters the orange warning, and The application of the forecast program in Jianshan phosphate rock slope shows that the program plays the role of ensuring the safety of the open pit and efficient production of the Jianshan phosphate mine, and can be applied in the slope engineering with similar conditions.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TD76;TD871.3

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本文編號(hào)：1803450