本文選題：高速列車 + 側(cè)風(fēng)　； 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著列車速度的不斷提高、車輛的輕量化發(fā)展,以及我國高鐵運行區(qū)域的擴(kuò)大,側(cè)風(fēng)下高速列車的運行安全性正受到前所未有的挑戰(zhàn)。我國還沒有建立完整的高速列車側(cè)風(fēng)安全評價體系,并且有蘭新線這樣的特殊運行環(huán)境,側(cè)風(fēng)的隨機(jī)性和脈動性更加彰顯。因此針對我國高速列車運用條件,進(jìn)行高速列車側(cè)風(fēng)安全性研究具有十分重大的意義。為了對高速列車側(cè)風(fēng)安全性進(jìn)行研究,本文建立了高速列車的頭車非線性動力學(xué)精細(xì)模型和三種不同的風(fēng)載模型。首先,考慮車體柔性、車下設(shè)備和各種非線性因素,建立了高速列車車輛動力學(xué)仿真模型。分別基于均勻風(fēng)假設(shè)、風(fēng)的瞬態(tài)效應(yīng)以及風(fēng)的隨機(jī)性,建立了定常穩(wěn)態(tài)風(fēng)載、瞬態(tài)中國帽風(fēng)載和非定常隨機(jī)風(fēng)載模型。并根據(jù)準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)理論和合成風(fēng)速理論,將氣動載荷作為外部激勵加載到車輛動力學(xué)模型上。然后,通過動力學(xué)仿真計算,得到了四大安全性指標(biāo)—脫軌系數(shù)、輪重減載率、傾覆系數(shù)和輪軸橫向力,并根據(jù)這些安全性指標(biāo),研究了軌道激擾和曲線軌道對側(cè)風(fēng)運行安全性的影響。根據(jù)有關(guān)車輛動力學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和規(guī)范,得到了安全指標(biāo)限值下的臨界風(fēng)速,并根據(jù)臨界風(fēng)速,研究了適合用于評價高速列車側(cè)風(fēng)運行安全性的指標(biāo)。通過與試驗和仿真的對比分析,研究了蘭新線脈動風(fēng)的等效簡化模型。根據(jù)車輛脫軌臨界風(fēng)速,分析了各種風(fēng)載模型下根據(jù)安全性指標(biāo)限速的安全裕量。通過計算不同風(fēng)載模型下車輛的非線性臨界速度,研究了三種風(fēng)載模型對側(cè)風(fēng)下車輛蛇行運動穩(wěn)定性的影響。研究了單向側(cè)風(fēng)對車輪偏磨的影響,以及車輪存在偏磨情況下的側(cè)風(fēng)安全性。通過計算不同風(fēng)載模型下車輛輪廓控制點的偏移量,對比分析了三種風(fēng)載模型和軌道激擾對側(cè)風(fēng)下車輛限界的影響,提出了限界計算適用的風(fēng)載模型。
[Abstract]:With the increasing of train speed, the development of lightweight vehicles and the expansion of high-speed railway operation area in China, the safety of high-speed trains under crosswind is facing unprecedented challenges. There is no complete evaluation system of crosswind safety for high-speed trains in China, and there is a special operating environment such as Lanxin Line, so the randomness and pulsation of crosswind are more obvious. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the crosswind safety of high-speed trains in accordance with the operating conditions of high-speed trains in China. In order to study the crosswind safety of high speed train, the nonlinear dynamic fine model and three different wind load models of high speed train are established in this paper. Firstly, the vehicle dynamics simulation model of high speed train is established considering the flexibility of the car body, the equipment under the vehicle and various nonlinear factors. Based on the assumption of uniform wind, the transient effect of wind and the randomness of wind, the steady steady wind load, transient Chinese cap wind load and unsteady random wind load model are established. According to the quasi-static theory and the synthetic wind speed theory, the aerodynamic load is loaded into the vehicle dynamics model as external excitation. Then, through dynamic simulation, four safety indexes, such as derailment coefficient, wheel load reduction rate, overturn coefficient and lateral force of wheel shaft, are obtained, and according to these safety indexes, The effects of track excitation and curve track on the safety of cross wind are studied. According to the relevant vehicle dynamics standards and codes, the critical wind speed under the limit of safety index is obtained, and according to the critical wind speed, the index suitable for evaluating the safety of cross-wind operation of high-speed trains is studied. The equivalent simplified model of pulsating wind in Lanxin line is studied by comparison with experiment and simulation. According to the critical wind speed of vehicle derailment, the safety margin of speed limit according to safety index under various wind load models is analyzed. By calculating the nonlinear critical velocity of vehicles under different wind load models, the effects of three wind load models on the stability of vehicle snake motion under crosswind are studied. The influence of one-way crosswind on the eccentric wear of the wheel and the safety of the crosswind in the presence of the eccentric wear of the wheel are studied. By calculating the offsets of vehicle contour control points under different wind load models, the effects of three wind load models and track excitations on the vehicle boundary under crosswind are compared and analyzed, and a wind load model suitable for the calculation of the boundary is proposed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U298

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