本文選題：大直徑鉆孔 + 瓦斯抽采　； 參考：《太原理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：大直徑鉆孔是瓦斯抽采的發(fā)展趨勢,也是今后高瓦斯綜放工作面瓦斯抽采技術(shù)的研究重點。基于此,本文以沙曲礦為背景,對高瓦斯礦井大直徑扇形高位鉆孔瓦斯抽采技術(shù)進(jìn)行了分析研究。 利用Flac3D軟件對該礦24207工作面采空區(qū)頂板覆巖的移動進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,通過對Z方向位移等值線進(jìn)行分析,得知在采空區(qū)后方60m處覆巖移動即達(dá)到了平衡狀態(tài),并可清晰的判斷主要關(guān)鍵層的位置分布在工作面上方18m及46m處。最終運用經(jīng)驗公式法計算出的冒落帶及裂隙帶最大高度分別為16.88m和46.3m,利用關(guān)鍵層組合分析法計算出的冒落帶及裂隙帶高度分別為17.56m和44.96m,利用數(shù)值模擬分析法得出的結(jié)果為18m和50m。為盡量減少誤差,取三者的平均值作為最終結(jié)果,即冒落帶、裂隙帶的的最大高度分別為17m和47m。 系統(tǒng)的研究了“U”型、“U+L”、“Y”型通風(fēng)情況下,采空區(qū)泄壓瓦斯的運移規(guī)律和其在采空區(qū)空間的濃度分布特征。分析得知,相同條件下使用“Y”型通風(fēng)工作面后方10m以內(nèi)的上隅角瓦斯?jié)舛仍?.26%～0.36%之間,僅為“U”型通風(fēng)時的1/8,“U+L”型通風(fēng)時的3/4。對試驗工作面回采期間瓦斯涌出量進(jìn)行預(yù)測,計算知僅依靠通風(fēng)稀釋瓦斯,回風(fēng)流中的瓦斯?jié)舛雀哌_(dá)2.24%,進(jìn)行瓦斯抽采勢在必行。 論述了鉆孔抽采瓦斯的基本原理,推導(dǎo)了不穩(wěn)定滲流及穩(wěn)定滲流時鉆孔周邊壓力分布公式。得出距離鉆孔越遠(yuǎn)的點壓力降越小,同一地點的壓力降隨著抽放時間的增加而減小的結(jié)論。并利用Fluent軟件對影響鉆孔抽放效果主要因素進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析,得知鉆孔的抽放效果受抽放負(fù)壓、鉆孔孔徑以及煤層的滲透率影響較大；鉆孔的影響范圍以及鉆孔的抽采量隨著抽放負(fù)壓的降低而增大；隨著鉆孔孔徑的增大而增大；隨著煤層滲透率的降低而增大。該結(jié)論與推導(dǎo)的公式相吻合,證明了采空大直徑鉆孔治理瓦斯的可行性。 基于采空區(qū)覆巖沉降特征及泄壓瓦斯運移規(guī)律,提出了大直徑高位鉆孔瓦斯抽采技術(shù),確定了高位鉆孔仰角的最佳取值范圍為210939。,鉆場的合理間距應(yīng)在40m-45m之間。通過對鉆孔和傾向高位巷的實測抽采數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,整個鉆場5個鉆孔的平均抽采純量12.2m3/min,有效抽放時間達(dá)63天；布置在同一側(cè)的傾向高位巷的平均抽采純量為10.05m3/min,有效抽放時間43天。證明大直徑高位鉆孔能夠替代高位巷治理采空區(qū)瓦斯,對其它礦井瓦斯治理具有較大的參考價值。
[Abstract]:Large diameter borehole is the development trend of gas drainage, and it is also the focus of research on gas drainage technology in high gas fully mechanized caving face in the future. Based on this, this paper analyzes and studies the gas drainage technology of large diameter and high position borehole in high gas mine based on Shaqu mine. By using Flac3D software, the movement of roof overburden in goaf of 24207 face of this mine is numerically simulated. By analyzing the contour of displacement in Z direction, it is known that the movement of overburden is in equilibrium state at 60m behind the goaf. The location of the key layer can be clearly judged at 18m and 46m above the working face. The maximum height of caving zone and fracture zone calculated by empirical formula method is 16.88m and 46.3mrespectively, the height of caving zone and fissured zone calculated by combination analysis of critical layer is 17.56m and 44.96mrespectively, and the result obtained by numerical simulation analysis is 18m and 50m. In order to reduce the error as far as possible, the average value of the three is taken as the final result, that is, the falling zone, the maximum height of the fracture zone is 17 m and 47 m, respectively. Under the condition of "U" type, "U L", "Y" type ventilation, the law of gas migration in goaf and its concentration distribution in goaf space are studied systematically. The analysis shows that under the same conditions, the gas concentration in the upper corner of "Y" ventilation working face within 10 m behind is between 0.26% and 0.36%, which is only 1 / 8 of "U" type ventilation and 3 / 4 of "U L" type ventilation. The quantity of gas emission during the mining of test face is predicted. The calculation only depends on ventilation to dilute the gas and the gas concentration in the return air flow is as high as 2.24, so it is imperative to carry out gas extraction. This paper discusses the basic principle of gas extraction by drilling and deduces the distribution formula of pressure around the borehole under unstable seepage and steady seepage. It is concluded that the pressure drop at the same point decreases with the increase of pumping time as the point pressure drop is smaller when the hole is farther away from the borehole. The main factors influencing the drainage effect of borehole are analyzed in detail by using Fluent software. It is found that the drainage effect of borehole is affected by negative pressure of pumping hole diameter of borehole and permeability of coal seam. The influence range of borehole and the extraction amount of borehole increase with the decrease of suction negative pressure, increase with the increase of borehole diameter, and increase with the decrease of coal seam permeability. The conclusion is in agreement with the derived formula and proves the feasibility of gas control by large diameter boreholes. Based on the subsidence characteristics of overburden and the law of gas migration in goaf, the gas extraction technology of large diameter and high hole is put forward, and the optimum range of elevation angle of high hole is determined to be 210939. The reasonable spacing of drilling field should be between 40m-45m. Through the analysis of the measured extraction data of boreholes and inclined high roadways, the average extraction scalar of 12.2m3 / min and the effective pumping time of 63 days were obtained from 5 boreholes in the whole drilling field. The average extraction scalar of inclined high roadway on the same side is 10.05 m3 / min, and the effective pumping time is 43 days. It is proved that the large diameter and high hole can replace the high level roadway to control the gas in goaf, which is of great reference value to the gas control in other mines.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TD712.6

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