本文選題：空分裝置 + 安全性　； 參考：《清華大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：空分裝置的安全性和可靠性是乙烯全廠安全運行和長周期運行的基礎，但茂名乙烯空分裝置2000年~2005年生產(chǎn)的實際運行存在問題，其安全性和可靠性達不到乙烯全廠的要求，所以本文對空分裝置存在的問題進行統(tǒng)計和分析，進行優(yōu)化和改造，旨在使其安全性和可靠性達到乙烯企業(yè)的要求。 首先本文研究在國內(nèi)外安全風險評估的基礎上，根據(jù)安全事故發(fā)生的原理，從人、機、料、法、環(huán)等方面找出影響其安全的各個因素，建立了較為客觀、科學、實用的安全風險評估模型，并對安全因子和安全指數(shù)進行了定義。 其次本文針對茂名乙烯空分裝置安全風險最大的兩個單元：分餾單元和氧氣壓縮單元，通過各種改造措施使分餾單元化學性爆炸安全風險指數(shù)由3.52下降到2.76，分餾單元物理性爆炸安全風險指數(shù)由3.56下降到2.00，氧氣壓縮單元化學性爆炸安全風險指數(shù)由3.73下降到2.69,改造效果良好，裝置運行達到相對安全狀態(tài)。 再次對茂名乙烯單套空分裝置的可靠性從人、機兩方面找出其可靠性差的原因。針對各單元影響因素，作者組織裝置人員采取各種改造措施后，單套裝置外供氮氣可靠度為由84.97%提高到98.94%，外供氧氣可靠度為由84.96%提高到98.93%，效果十分顯著。 最后本文對液氧、液氮后備單元對裝置可靠度的影響進行了分析，對其自身可靠度存在的問題進行了改進；對多套空分裝置的可靠度進行分析，，證明了建設兩套同等規(guī)模的空分裝置，外供氮氣和氧氣的可靠度最高。
[Abstract]:The safety and reliability of the air separation unit is the basis for the safe operation and long period operation of the ethylene plant. However, the actual operation of Maoming ethylene air separation plant from 2000 to 2005 has some problems, and its safety and reliability are not up to the requirements of the whole ethylene plant. Therefore, the problems existing in the air separation unit are analyzed, optimized and modified in order to make the safety and reliability of the unit meet the requirements of ethylene enterprises. Firstly, on the basis of domestic and foreign safety risk assessment, according to the principle of safety accidents, this paper finds out the factors that affect its safety from human, machine, material, law, ring and so on, and establishes more objective and scientific. A practical security risk assessment model is proposed, and the safety factor and safety index are defined. Secondly, aiming at the two units with the greatest safety risk in Maoming ethylene air separation unit: fractionation unit and oxygen compression unit, The chemical explosion safety risk index of fractionation unit was reduced from 3.52 to 2.76, the physical explosion safety risk index of fractionation unit was reduced from 3.56 to 2.00, and the chemical explosion safety risk index of oxygen compression unit was reduced from 3.73 to 3.73. Down to 2.69, the effect of the transformation is good, The device operates in a relatively safe state. Again, the reliability of Maoming ethylene single air separation unit is found out from two aspects: human and machine. According to the influencing factors of each unit, the author organizes the personnel to take various measures to improve the reliability of nitrogen supply outside the unit from 84.97% to 98.94%, and the reliability of external oxygen supply from 84.96% to 98.93%. The effect is very remarkable. Finally, the influence of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen backup unit on the reliability of the unit is analyzed, and the problems existing in its own reliability are improved, and the reliability of several air separation units is analyzed. It is proved that the reliability of external nitrogen and oxygen supply is the highest when two air separation units of the same size are built.
【學位授予單位】：清華大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TQ086.2;TQ221.211

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