本文選題：地面鉆井 + 瓦斯抽采��； 參考：《中國礦業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：作為高瓦斯復雜煤層群開采的典型,淮南礦區(qū)在煤與瓦斯共采領域取得了很大成功。本文以地面井產(chǎn)氣成功率較高的丁集礦為研究礦區(qū),對保護層開采下采空區(qū)卸壓瓦斯分布規(guī)律、鉆井抽采下采空區(qū)瓦斯運移規(guī)律、抽采下采空區(qū)三帶分布變化和地面鉆井優(yōu)化布置進行了系統(tǒng)研究,以瓦斯涌出量大小為依據(jù),提出了針對含瓦斯易自燃煤層采空區(qū)注氮、合理抽采等綜合防治技術。結合采空區(qū)高位環(huán)形裂隙體理論,確定了地面井布置的最佳位置,考察分析了丁集礦保護層工作面開采下鉆井產(chǎn)氣量隨采動的變化關系,對卸壓瓦斯流態(tài)特征、地面鉆井防破壞措施、施工要點與產(chǎn)氣變化規(guī)律等問題進行了總結。以計算流體力學模擬軟件FLUENT為研究工具,編制自定義函數(shù)設置采空區(qū)滲透率分布、瓦斯涌出量大小等參數(shù),模擬得出了地面井抽采下采空區(qū)瓦斯運移分布規(guī)律及抽采對采空區(qū)三帶分布的影響:(1)鉆井抽采會在采空區(qū)形成低壓區(qū),增大氧氣從周圍裂隙向采空區(qū)的侵入范圍,采空區(qū)氣體流場分布與鉆井布置位置相關。淺部地面井抽采能更有效地降低回風巷瓦斯?jié)舛?高濃度瓦斯可在深部形成惰化區(qū)。深部地面井可抽采上被保護層卸壓釋放的高濃度瓦斯,但更容易將氧氣向采空區(qū)深部轉移,尤其大流量抽采時使深部氧氣含量急劇增大。(2)井上下立體抽采易使得采空區(qū)內(nèi)部漏風通道間相互貫通,采空區(qū)注氮可很好地惰化采場進風側與深部區(qū)域,在相同注氮流量下,采空區(qū)深部注氮比淺部注氮可更有效地惰化整個采場,但回風側由于漏風強烈使得氮氣流失,存在氧化高溫區(qū)。(3)聯(lián)合鉆井抽采可在采空區(qū)內(nèi)形成較為均勻分布的低壓區(qū),對大走向采空區(qū)能合理地分配抽采能力,在保證抽采濃度的同時,不會導致采空區(qū)富氧帶范圍急劇擴大,能最大化抽取采空區(qū)卸壓瓦斯。(4)礦井瓦斯涌出量小于40m3/min時,采用井下瓦斯抽采即可很好的治理瓦斯超限問題,瓦斯涌出量大于40m3/min是,需綜合采取礦井上下立體抽采措施,才可有效控制瓦斯超限問題�；茨隙〖V區(qū)保護層卸壓瓦斯井上下立體抽采工程實踐表明,瓦斯抽采流量隨工作面推進引起的采動裂隙演化而發(fā)生變化,地面鉆井的抗破壞能力對于瓦斯高效、長期抽采有很大影響。在鉆井成功的情況下,高效抽采可以持續(xù)6個月以上的時間,工作面收作以后,仍可抽采卸壓與采空區(qū)積聚瓦斯,有效抽采周期最長達3年以上。丁集礦考察期間地面鉆井抽采的月平均抽采純流量6.32~14.27m3/min,累積總抽采純量16635631m3,占總抽采量的27.52%。工作面高抽巷和頂板鉆孔的月平均抽采純流量2.87~20.63m3/min,累積總抽采純量30326880 m3,占總抽采量的50.16%。地面鉆井、井下高抽巷和走向鉆孔抽采瓦斯?jié)舛容^高、時間較長,不影響井下煤炭生產(chǎn),可有效治理高瓦斯煤層的瓦斯災害問題。論文的研究高瓦斯礦井瓦斯治理與瓦斯抽采過程下自燃防治有一定的參考和借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:As the typical mining of high gas and complex coal seam group, the Huainan mining area has made great success in the field of coal and gas CO production. This paper takes the Buji mine with high success rate of the ground gas production as the research area, the distribution law of pressure relief gas distribution in the goaf under the protection layer, the law of gas migration in the goaf under drilling, and the three band in the mined out area under extraction. On the basis of the size of gas emission, the comprehensive prevention and control technology for nitrogen injection and reasonable extraction in goaf containing gas and easy spontaneous combustion coal seam is put forward on the basis of the size of gas emission. The gas flow rate under the working face is dependent on the change of production, the characteristics of pressure relief gas flow pattern, ground drilling anti failure measures, construction key points and gas production change law are summarized. The calculation of fluid mechanics simulation software FLUENT is used as the research tool to set up the permeability distribution in the goaf area and the gas emission is large. The distribution law of gas migration in the mined out area under ground well extraction and the influence of extraction on the three belt distribution in the goaf are simulated. (1) the drilling extraction will form a low pressure area in the goaf, increase the invasion range of oxygen from the surrounding fissure to the goaf, and the distribution of gas flow field in the goaf is related to the location of the drilling layout. The gas concentration in the return air lane can be reduced more effectively. The high concentration gas can form the inert area in the deep part. The deep ground well can extract the high concentration gas released by the protected layer, but it is easier to transfer the oxygen to the depth of the goaf, especially in the large flow extraction, which makes the deep oxygen content increase sharply. (2) the well and lower solid extraction is easy to make goaf. The inner air leakage channel interconnects each other, and the nitrogen injection in the goaf can inert the inlet and deep regions well. Under the same nitrogen injection flow, the deep injection of nitrogen in the goaf is more effective to inert the whole stope more effectively than the shallow nitrogen injection, but the air leakage is strongly caused by the leakage of air, and there is a high oxidation temperature zone. (3) joint drilling extraction can be used in mining. The relatively uniform distribution of the low pressure area in the empty area can reasonably distribute the pumping capacity in the large goaf. While the extraction concentration is guaranteed, the range of the oxygen rich zone in the goaf will not be greatly expanded. (4) when the gas emission of the mine is less than 40m3/min, it is good to adopt the underground gas extraction. In order to control the problem of gas exceeding the limit, the gas emission is more than 40m3/min, so it is necessary to take the comprehensive extraction measures on the upper and lower sides of the mine to effectively control the problem of gas overlimit. The practice of the upper and lower solid extraction engineering of the pressure relief gas well in the protective layer of the Huainan Ding Ji mining area shows that the gas extraction flow changes with the evolution of the mining fracture caused by the advance of the working face. The anti destructive ability of ground drilling has a great influence on gas efficiency and long-term extraction. In the case of successful drilling, high efficiency extraction can last more than 6 months. After the work face is collected, the gas discharge pressure and the accumulation of gas in the goaf can still be accumulated for more than 3 years. The average monthly pumping rate is 6.32~14.27m3/min, and the total extraction purity is 16635631m3. The monthly average extraction pure flow rate is 2.87~20.63m3/min for the high pumping and roof drilling in the 27.52%. working face of the total extraction. The cumulative total extraction purity is 30326880 m3, which accounts for the 50.16%. ground drilling of the total extraction, and the gas concentration in the underground high pumping and drilling holes is more than that of the drilling. It has a long time and does not affect the production of coal mine. It can effectively control the gas disaster of high gas coal seam. This paper has a certain reference and reference significance for the study of gas control in high gas mine and the prevention and control of spontaneous combustion under the process of gas extraction.

【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD712.6;TD75

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