本文選題：職業(yè)危害因素檢測 + 灰色關(guān)聯(lián)分析�。� 參考：《昆明理工大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：世界工業(yè)化的進程表明,隨著生產(chǎn)力的發(fā)展和科技水平的提高,社會所面臨的職業(yè)衛(wèi)生與安全問題也日趨嚴峻。例如各行業(yè)職業(yè)病種類的增加,這就迫切需要提高安全管理水平,加強職業(yè)衛(wèi)生保護,以保障人們的安全與健康。本文選定紅河鋼鐵公司,根據(jù)建設(shè)項目職業(yè)病危害的特點,采用現(xiàn)場調(diào)查法和檢測檢驗法對可能涉及的職業(yè)危害因素進行定性和定量的評估。在滿負荷生產(chǎn)狀況下,按照國家有關(guān)規(guī)范和相關(guān)標準要求,檢測生產(chǎn)過程中產(chǎn)生的物理因素、粉塵、有毒有害化學物質(zhì)等職業(yè)病危害因素。由于短時間內(nèi)的檢測數(shù)據(jù)存在較大的波動性,在此引入灰色系統(tǒng)理論為這種具有不確定信息的系統(tǒng)提供了從關(guān)聯(lián)分析到模型建立、模擬預(yù)測以及規(guī)劃控制的理論和方法。 運用灰色關(guān)聯(lián)理論對紅河鋼鐵公司企業(yè)職業(yè)危害因素進行系統(tǒng)分析。通過關(guān)聯(lián)度排列掌握事物的主要特征,找出控制職業(yè)危害因素的關(guān)鍵工作地點,以便集中人力物力重點對其采取整治優(yōu)化措施,促進職業(yè)健康安全系統(tǒng)迅速而有效的發(fā)展。整治計劃實施期問,我們可以借助灰色馬爾可夫模型對職業(yè)危害因素的發(fā)展趨勢和未來狀態(tài)進行估量,可以確定施行的職業(yè)衛(wèi)生安全決策是否科學有效,也為下一步的職業(yè)衛(wèi)生整治規(guī)劃提供判斷依據(jù)。這種兩種分析方法相結(jié)合,可以較為高效的解決一個企業(yè)的職業(yè)危害問題,有重點有目的的實施改進措施為企業(yè)節(jié)約大量成本與資源,為更好地開展建設(shè)項目職業(yè)病危害預(yù)防工作提供依據(jù)。主要的研究內(nèi)容和成果如下： (1)本論文對紅河鋼鐵公司各工作環(huán)節(jié)的工藝生產(chǎn)流程進行分析,確定實際生產(chǎn)過程中可能產(chǎn)生的職業(yè)危害因素,確定檢測方法、檢測儀器及布點設(shè)置。最后對采樣數(shù)據(jù)進行整理計算,與國家規(guī)定的有毒有害危險因素上限值作對比,匯總結(jié)果并分析原因。 (2)運用灰色關(guān)聯(lián)分析方法找出導(dǎo)致典型職業(yè)危害因素的主要和次要的生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié),這樣可以得到不同的因素和環(huán)節(jié)對整個系統(tǒng)的影響程度。根據(jù)此影響程度,可使鋼鐵企業(yè)的職業(yè)安全管理部門能有針對性的對嚴重影響企業(yè)職工健康安全的主要生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)及因素采取措施,制定高效合理的職業(yè)衛(wèi)生安全管理決策,減少職業(yè)病的發(fā)病率。 (3)利用灰色系統(tǒng)理論建立典型職業(yè)危害因素GM(1,1)預(yù)測模型。為了提高預(yù)測結(jié)果的精度和準確性,引入馬爾可夫理論,對GM(1,1)預(yù)測模型進行補充完善,以便取得更精確的效果。此預(yù)測結(jié)果可以掌握典型職業(yè)危害因素發(fā)展的趨勢及走向,用于檢驗整治后的效果,為及時修改應(yīng)對措施提供依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The process of world industrialization shows that with the development of productivity and the improvement of science and technology, the occupational health and safety problems facing society are becoming more and more serious.For example, the increase of occupational diseases in various industries, it is urgent to improve the level of safety management, strengthen occupational health protection, in order to ensure the safety and health of people.According to the characteristics of occupational disease hazards in construction projects, this paper selects Honghe Iron and Steel Company to make qualitative and quantitative evaluation of possible occupational hazard factors by field investigation and inspection.Under the condition of full load production, the physical factors, dust, toxic and harmful chemicals and other occupational hazard factors produced in the production process are detected in accordance with the relevant national norms and relevant standards.Because of the large volatility of the detection data in a short period of time, the grey system theory is introduced here to provide the theory and method for the system with uncertain information, from correlation analysis to model building, simulation prediction and planning control.This paper makes a systematic analysis of occupational hazard factors in Honghe Iron and Steel Company by using grey relational theory.Through the arrangement of correlation degree to grasp the main characteristics of things, to find out the key work place to control occupational hazard factors, in order to focus on human and material resources to take measures to improve and optimize it, and to promote the rapid and effective development of occupational health and safety system.During the implementation period of the renovation plan, we can use the grey Markov model to estimate the development trend and future status of occupational hazard factors, and we can determine whether the occupational health and safety decision-making carried out is scientific and effective.Also for the next step of occupational health improvement planning to provide a basis for judgment.The combination of the two analysis methods can solve the occupational hazard problem of an enterprise more efficiently, and it can save a large amount of cost and resources for the enterprise.To better carry out the construction project occupational hazards prevention work to provide the basis.The main research contents and results are as follows:1) this paper analyzes the process flow of each working link in Honghe Iron and Steel Company, determines the possible occupational hazard factors in the actual production process, determines the detection method, the testing instruments and the setting of the distribution points.Finally, the sampling data are collected and calculated, and compared with the upper limit value of toxic and harmful risk factors stipulated by the state, the results are summarized and the reasons are analyzed.2) the main and secondary production links that lead to typical occupational hazards can be found by using the method of grey correlation analysis, and the influence degree of different factors and links on the whole system can be obtained.According to the degree of influence, the occupational safety management department of iron and steel enterprise can take measures against the main production links and factors that seriously affect the health and safety of the workers and staff, and make efficient and reasonable occupational health and safety management decisions.Reduce the incidence of occupational diseases.The grey system theory is used to establish the prediction model of the typical occupational hazard factor (GM-1).In order to improve the accuracy and accuracy of the prediction results, the Markov theory is introduced to supplement and perfect the GM-1) prediction model in order to obtain more accurate results.The predicted results can grasp the development trend and trend of typical occupational hazard factors and can be used to test the effect after treatment and provide the basis for timely modification of countermeasures.
【學位授予單位】：昆明理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R134.2

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本文編號：1753449