本文選題：高速鐵路　切入點：車外噪聲　出處：《西南交通大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：高速鐵路給人們的出行帶來了方便、快捷和舒適,但隨之產生的噪聲給周邊居民帶來了嚴重的影響。因此降低高速鐵路車外噪聲是一個亟待解決的問題,而采用聲屏障技術是最有效的措施之一。本文建立了高速鐵路聲屏障數值預測模型,用于高速鐵路聲屏障降噪效果評估和設計,主要工作和結論如下： 第一部分,介紹了常用的聲屏障降噪效果預測方法,比較了不同方法間的精度和適用性,包括：經驗法、幾何繞射法、邊界元法。經驗法能準確計算半無限長等簡單聲屏障的插入損失；幾何繞射法能預測不同聲波間干涉現象,但對受聲點位置和計算頻率有要求；邊界元是相對有效的計算方法,具有較高計算精度。 第二部分,針對高速列車典型運行工況,根據IS03095.2005標準和相關測試方法,對京滬線高速列車通過時的噪聲特性進行測試,分析了等效連續(xù)A計權聲壓級、通過噪聲時間歷程和頻譜特性,了解高速列車車外噪聲水平及顯著頻率。 第三部分,基于邊界元理論,利用高速列車車外聲源識別測試結果,建立高速鐵路聲屏障降噪效果數值預測模型,模型中考慮了車體和軌道結構,并與現場試驗結果對比驗證,吻合良好�；谠擃A測模型,討論了影響聲屏障插入損失的因素,其中包括列車不同位置聲源的影響、聲屏障幾何形狀(聲屏障高度、頭型)和吸聲條件的影響。 最后,在分析了我國高速列車車外噪聲特性及現有聲屏障結構的基礎上,為進一步降低列車和聲屏障之間的多重反射,設計了一種新型擴散聲屏障結構,利用邊界元方法和樣品試驗調查擴散型聲屏障的降噪性能,并與現有聲屏障對比,為改善聲屏障的降噪性能提供重要參考。
[Abstract]:High-speed railway brings convenience, rapidity and comfort to people's travel, but the noise caused by it has brought serious influence to the surrounding residents. Therefore, reducing the external noise of high-speed railway is an urgent problem to be solved. In this paper, a numerical prediction model of high speed railway noise barrier is established, which is used to evaluate and design the noise reduction effect of high speed railway noise barrier. The main work and conclusions are as follows:. In the first part, the prediction methods of noise reduction effect of noise barrier are introduced, and the accuracy and applicability of different methods are compared, including: empirical method, geometric diffraction method, Boundary element method. The empirical method can accurately calculate the insertion loss of a simple sound barrier, such as semi-infinite length, and the geometric diffraction method can predict the interference phenomena between different sound waves, but requires the position of the receiving sound point and the calculation frequency, and the boundary element is a relatively effective calculation method. It has high calculation precision. In the second part, according to the IS03095.2005 standard and related test methods, the noise characteristics of high-speed trains passing through the Beijing-Shanghai line are tested, and the equivalent continuous A weighted sound pressure level is analyzed. Based on the noise time history and spectrum characteristics, the external noise level and significant frequency of high speed train are understood. In the third part, based on the boundary element theory, a numerical prediction model of noise reduction effect of high speed railway noise barrier is established by using the test results of external sound source identification of high-speed train. The structure of car body and track is considered in the model. Based on the prediction model, the factors affecting the insertion loss of the sound barrier are discussed, including the influence of the sound source at different positions of the train, the geometric shape of the sound barrier (the height of the sound barrier). Head type) and the influence of sound absorption conditions. Finally, on the basis of analyzing the characteristics of external noise and the existing noise barrier structure of high-speed train in China, a new diffusive noise barrier structure is designed to further reduce the multiple reflection between train and noise barrier. The noise reduction performance of diffusion noise barrier is investigated by boundary element method and sample test, and compared with the existing noise barrier, which provides an important reference for improving the noise reduction performance of noise barrier.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TB535;U213.83

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本文編號：1687268