本文選題：危化企業(yè)　切入點：高危作業(yè)崗位　出處：《安徽理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在經(jīng)濟迅速發(fā)展的大環(huán)境下,隨著化學(xué)工業(yè)的蓬勃發(fā)展,�；髽I(yè)災(zāi)害事故頻發(fā),且一旦發(fā)生事故,就會造成人員重大傷亡和財產(chǎn)巨大損失,無數(shù)慘痛的教訓(xùn)促使我們對�；髽I(yè)的安全問題不斷探索,總結(jié)事故發(fā)生的經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn),得知事故的發(fā)生往往跟作業(yè)崗位存在的風(fēng)險隱患有著很大的關(guān)系。針對這一現(xiàn)象,本文提出�；髽I(yè)高危作業(yè)崗位風(fēng)險分級體系的研究及應(yīng)用,為企業(yè)管理人員更方便、準(zhǔn)確地抓住關(guān)鍵控制點提供技術(shù)支撐,從而提高企業(yè)風(fēng)險管理與防控水平。根據(jù)危化企業(yè)高危作業(yè)崗位存在的五種風(fēng)險類型:中毒、窒息;易燃、易爆;腐蝕、灼傷;環(huán)境危害和其他,以及高危作業(yè)崗位的作業(yè)特點和發(fā)生事故的主要特征,分析其存在的風(fēng)險影響.因素,并采用德爾菲法通過問卷調(diào)查表的形式確定風(fēng)險分級指標(biāo);在LEC法的理論基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合風(fēng)險的定義,以事故發(fā)生的可能性、事故造成后果的嚴(yán)重程度及人員暴露的頻繁程度三個維度來建立高危作業(yè)崗位風(fēng)險分級模型,從而構(gòu)建了危化企業(yè)高危作業(yè)崗位風(fēng)險分級體系。通過云模型和專家打分法相結(jié)合,確定了風(fēng)險分級各個指標(biāo)的權(quán)重,并進行權(quán)重歸一化,不僅有效地避開了固定權(quán)重值的缺陷,也弱化了專家主觀因素對結(jié)果的影響。風(fēng)險分級的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)通過參考重大危險源分級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來確定,分為低風(fēng)險、中等風(fēng)險、較高風(fēng)險和高風(fēng)險,基于工程應(yīng)用項目高危作業(yè)崗位各個風(fēng)險分級指標(biāo)的得分和權(quán)重值,計算風(fēng)險指數(shù)值,并確定風(fēng)險等級,然后分析其存在的風(fēng)險隱患并提出相應(yīng)的整改措施。通過對淮南某60萬噸/年聯(lián)堿項目的工程實際應(yīng)用表明,根據(jù)第一次作業(yè)條件下的結(jié)果,在對風(fēng)險較高的作業(yè)崗位采取有針對性的改進措施后,得到第二次作業(yè)條件下各個崗位的風(fēng)險等級,由兩次結(jié)果對比可知,本文提出的方法不僅具有良好的科學(xué)性和合理性,還具有更好的動態(tài)性和可操作性,能夠準(zhǔn)確方便的辨識出高風(fēng)險作業(yè)崗位及其存在的風(fēng)險隱患,對危化企業(yè)管理高危作業(yè)崗位具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Under the environment of rapid economic development, with the vigorous development of chemical industry, disasters and accidents of dangerous chemical enterprises occur frequently, and once accidents occur, they will cause heavy casualties and huge losses of property. Numerous painful lessons have prompted us to explore the safety problems of dangerous chemical enterprises, sum up the experience and lessons of accidents, and know that accidents often have a great relationship with the hidden risks existing in operational posts. In view of this phenomenon, This paper puts forward the research and application of risk classification system for high-risk jobs in dangerous chemical enterprises, which provides technical support for managers to grasp the critical control points more conveniently and accurately. In order to improve the level of enterprise risk management and prevention and control. According to the five risk types of high-risk operations in dangerous chemical enterprises: poisoning, asphyxiation, flammability, explosive, corrosion, burns, environmental hazards and others, The operational characteristics of high-risk jobs and the main characteristics of accidents are analyzed, and the risk factors are analyzed, and the risk classification index is determined by using the Delphi method in the form of questionnaire. Combined with the definition of risk, the risk classification model of high risk operations is established from three dimensions: the possibility of accident, the severity of accident consequences and the frequency of personnel exposure. By combining cloud model with expert scoring method, the weight of each index of risk classification is determined, and the weight is normalized. It not only effectively avoids the defect of fixed weight value, but also weakens the influence of subjective factors on the result. The criterion of risk classification is determined by referring to the criterion of major risk source classification, which can be divided into low risk and medium risk. High risk and high risk, based on the scores and weights of each risk classification index of high-risk job post in engineering application project, the value of risk index is calculated, and the risk grade is determined. Then, the hidden risks are analyzed and the corresponding rectification measures are put forward. Through the practical application of a 600000 ton / year combined alkali project in Huainan, it is shown that, according to the results of the first operation, After taking targeted improvement measures to the high risk job, the risk grade of each post under the condition of the second operation is obtained. By comparing the two results, we can see that the method proposed in this paper is not only scientific and reasonable. It also has better dynamic and maneuverability, which can identify the high risk job and its hidden danger accurately and conveniently, and has certain guiding significance for the dangerous enterprise to manage the high risk job post.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ086

【相似文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前8條

1 陳躍仿;大冶鐵礦東露天采場作業(yè)崗位環(huán)境觀測與綜合分析評價[J];工業(yè)安全與防塵;1997年12期

2 吳喜江;祁光偉;;熱輻射對高溫作業(yè)崗位的影響[J];職業(yè)與健康;2006年19期

3 章保東,洪亮;石化行業(yè)作業(yè)崗位可靠性影響因素分析[J];人類工效學(xué);2000年01期

4 蔣立新,張凱,梁紅英,吳舒穎,鄭惠源;某地工業(yè)企業(yè)有毒作業(yè)危害程度分級調(diào)查[J];現(xiàn)代預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué);2002年02期

5 周天文;李紅順;沈義銀;王偉;沈福金;;排風(fēng)罩對噴漆作業(yè)崗位有害物質(zhì)控制的效果評價[J];職業(yè)與健康;2012年11期

6 董定龍,滿治山,陶德彥;某石化企業(yè)有毒作業(yè)危害程度分級調(diào)查[J];化工勞動保護(工業(yè)衛(wèi)生與職業(yè)病分冊);1996年04期

7 何麗萍;彭言群;劉思燕;;鋰電池正極材料作業(yè)場所粉塵治理效果評價[J];中國衛(wèi)生工程學(xué);2010年02期

8 于國鋒;金心怡;趙愛鳳;張淵;李順凱;;茶葉精加工設(shè)備作業(yè)崗位及其工廠邊界的噪聲監(jiān)測和評價[J];茶葉科學(xué);2008年01期

相關(guān)重要報紙文章 前3條

1 通訊員 李玉清;收入分配向艱苦區(qū)段和高危作業(yè)崗位傾斜[N];人民鐵道;2009年

2 彭必林;斌郎煤礦推廣“安全教訓(xùn)”交流會[N];經(jīng)理日報;2008年

3 郭軍 劉宗;把清爽送到一線崗位[N];朝陽日報;2009年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 崔楊楊;危化企業(yè)高危作業(yè)崗位風(fēng)險分級體系研究[D];安徽理工大學(xué);2017年

2 彭景;作業(yè)崗位風(fēng)險防范系統(tǒng)研究[D];中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）;2007年

3 鮑金玲;上吸罩氣流流場數(shù)值模擬與控制效果研究[D];首都經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學(xué);2008年

，

本文編號：1684605