本文選題：行車安全　切入點：抗滑性　出處：《重慶交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來隨著機動車擁有量快速增長,交通事故頻發(fā),道路交通安全問題已引起廣泛注意,尤其是災(zāi)害天氣不利因素情況下引起的突發(fā)事故。災(zāi)害天氣是引起交通事故的重要因素之一,尤其是降雨后瀝青路面在水的作用下將會變得濕滑,路面上高速行駛的車輛,在水的潤滑作用下容易出現(xiàn)打滑,甚至形成滑水現(xiàn)象,使得汽車偏離正常的行駛方向,更嚴(yán)重的時候則會發(fā)生側(cè)滑、追尾等事故。同時前車行駛產(chǎn)生的濺水和噴霧,將會對后面行駛車輛的能見度產(chǎn)生影響,增加了雨天事故的危害性。道路上存在的安全問題對車輛運行的效率和安全產(chǎn)生了嚴(yán)重影響。因此必須要提高對道路的要求,道路不能夠滿足于通行這個基本要求,更需要公路具有良好的安全性。路面抗滑性能越好,行駛在上面車輛的附著性就會越好,因為道路原因?qū)е碌慕煌ㄊ鹿室矔黠@減少。因此,必須要對災(zāi)害條件下的產(chǎn)生事故的基本原理進(jìn)行探究,找到原因提出對策,從而保證行車。本文首先對國內(nèi)外路面抗滑性的研究狀況進(jìn)行了梳理總結(jié),并對影響瀝青路面摩擦系數(shù)的因素進(jìn)行了分析,并分析了目前路面常用的路面抗滑性能的檢測方法和檢測設(shè)備,對比分析了路面紋理構(gòu)造以及抗滑性能的設(shè)備,同時介紹了路面滑水理論模型。其次運用擺式摩擦系數(shù)儀對制作的AC-13C、AK-13A、SMA-13三種不同類型瀝青路面試塊進(jìn)行了在不同潮濕度、溫度、砂礫覆蓋量條件下的路面抗滑性研究,通過一系列的相關(guān)性試驗發(fā)現(xiàn)了靜態(tài)狀況下路面摩擦系數(shù)與不同影響因素之間的關(guān)系。然后根據(jù)相似原理,設(shè)計了縮尺車模實驗,通過縮尺車模實驗研究了實際車輛在行駛過程中加速度的變化,從而反應(yīng)出動態(tài)情況下路面影響因素的變化對車輛的摩擦系數(shù)的影響,找到潮濕度、速度、砂礫覆蓋量等條件在動態(tài)情況下與路面摩擦系數(shù)之間關(guān)系。最后,分析了不同潮濕狀態(tài)下路面行車安全,同時對輪胎與瀝青路表界面抗滑機理以及對瀝青路面試驗進(jìn)行了綜合分析,并綜合以上研究提出了災(zāi)害條件下瀝青公路行車安全改善對策研究。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid growth of vehicle ownership and frequent traffic accidents, the problem of road traffic safety has attracted extensive attention. Disaster weather is one of the important factors that cause traffic accidents, especially the asphalt pavement will become wet and slippery under the action of water after rainfall, and the vehicles on the road will travel at high speed. Under the lubricating action of water, it is easy to slip, or even form a water skiing phenomenon, which makes the car deviate from the normal driving direction. In more serious cases, accidents such as side slide and rear-end will occur. At the same time, the splash and spray produced by the driving of the car in front of it will occur. Will have an impact on the visibility of the vehicle behind it and increase the danger of rainy weather accidents. The safety problems on the road have a serious impact on the efficiency and safety of the vehicle's operation. Therefore, it is necessary to raise the requirements on the road, Roads cannot meet the basic requirements of passing through, and they need good safety on the road. The better the skid resistance of the road, the better the adhesion of the vehicles on top. Traffic accidents caused by road causes will also be significantly reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the basic principles of accidents under disaster conditions, and to find out the causes and put forward countermeasures. In this paper, firstly, the research status of pavement anti-skid resistance at home and abroad is summarized, and the factors affecting the friction coefficient of asphalt pavement are analyzed. At the same time, the paper analyzes the detection methods and equipment of pavement anti-skid performance, compares and analyzes the pavement texture structure and the equipment of anti-skid performance. At the same time, the paper introduces the theoretical model of pavement water skiing. Secondly, using the pendulum friction coefficient instrument, three different types of asphalt pavement test blocks, AC-13CnAK-13AK-SMA-13, are studied under the conditions of different humidity, temperature and sand gravel coverage. Through a series of correlation tests, the relationship between pavement friction coefficient and different influencing factors is found under static condition. Then, according to the principle of similarity, the experiment of scaling vehicle model is designed. The change of acceleration in the driving process of actual vehicle is studied through the scale model experiment, which reflects the influence of the influence factors of road surface on the friction coefficient of the vehicle under dynamic conditions, and finds out the degree of humidity and speed. The relationship between the gravel coverage and the friction coefficient of the pavement under dynamic conditions is analyzed. Finally, the road safety under different moisture conditions is analyzed. At the same time, the anti-skid mechanism of tire and asphalt pavement surface and the test of asphalt pavement are comprehensively analyzed, and the countermeasures to improve the driving safety of asphalt highway under the disaster condition are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U416.217;U492.84

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