本文選題：渤海海域　切入點(diǎn)：超大型油輪　出處：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著渤海海域沿岸的天津港和曹妃甸港等港口大型原油碼頭陸續(xù)建成投產(chǎn),渤海海域的VLCC的流量持續(xù)增加,導(dǎo)致渤海海域VLCC的通航面臨很大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。目前,渤海海域VLCC的安全富余水深確定沒(méi)有可信的經(jīng)驗(yàn)取值標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和科學(xué)的計(jì)算模型,VLCC在渤海的航行還處于一種自由航行狀態(tài)。同時(shí),渤海海域通航條件復(fù)雜,VLCC推薦深水航路水深受限、船舶流量大,極易導(dǎo)致碰撞、擱淺等事故,更嚴(yán)重的是可能衍生重大溢油事故。這樣的背景決定了渤海海域VLCC安全富余水深成為廣大學(xué)者進(jìn)行深入研究的熱點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。 本文基于數(shù)值模擬和船模試驗(yàn),運(yùn)用多元線性回歸構(gòu)建渤海海域VLCC安全富余水深計(jì)算模型。計(jì)算VLCC在不同航速、不同自然條件下的富余水深,并通過(guò)全任務(wù)大型船舶操縱模擬器的模擬試驗(yàn)對(duì)計(jì)算模型進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。結(jié)合渤海海域自然條件特點(diǎn),提出渤海海域VLCC在不同季節(jié)的富余水深控制和吃水限制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。論文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容包括： (1)根據(jù)船舶富余水深的概念,從VLCC的船型特點(diǎn)、操縱性特征和渤海海域自然環(huán)境特點(diǎn)的角度,分析影響渤海海域VLCC富余水深確定的主要因素,并構(gòu)建渤海海域VLCC富余水深構(gòu)成和影響要素模型。 (2)比較分析國(guó)內(nèi)外現(xiàn)階段船舶下沉量和富余水深的計(jì)算方法的不足,通過(guò)數(shù)值模擬和船模試驗(yàn)的建立渤海海域VLCC下沉量和富余水深計(jì)算模型；根據(jù)VLCC航速與下沉量和富裕水深變化的關(guān)系,構(gòu)建渤海海域VLCC最大航速計(jì)算模型。 (3)運(yùn)用全任務(wù)大型船舶操縱模擬器模擬VLCC在渤海海域深水航路的航行過(guò)程,統(tǒng)計(jì)VLCC在不同航速、自然條件下的富余水深和吃水變化,并將實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)論與計(jì)算模型計(jì)算結(jié)果進(jìn)行比對(duì)分析,對(duì)所建立的渤海海域VLCC富余水深計(jì)算模型進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。 (4)根據(jù)模擬試驗(yàn)結(jié)論和計(jì)算模型的計(jì)算結(jié)果,結(jié)合渤海海域自然環(huán)境特點(diǎn),提出渤海海域VLCC在不同季節(jié)的富余水深控制和吃水限制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 渤海海域VLCC富余水深的研究不僅可保障VLCC的安全航行,有利于提高VLCC的裝載效率,還豐富了VLCC等超大型船舶的操作理論。
[Abstract]:With the completion and commissioning of large crude oil terminals such as Tianjin Port and Caofeidian Port along the coast of the Bohai Sea, the volume of VLCC in the Bohai Sea continues to increase, resulting in a great risk to the navigation of VLCC in the Bohai Sea. At present, There is no credible empirical criterion and scientific calculation model for determining the safe residual water depth of VLCC in Bohai Sea. The navigation of VLCC in Bohai Sea is still in a state of free navigation. At the same time, the navigable conditions of VLCC in Bohai Sea are complex. Ship flow easily lead to collision, grounding and other accidents, and even more serious is possible to derive a major oil spill accident. This background determines that the VLCC safe residual water depth in Bohai Sea has become a hot and difficult problem for the majority of scholars to carry out in-depth research. Based on numerical simulation and ship model test, this paper uses multivariate linear regression to construct the VLCC safe residual water depth calculation model in Bohai Sea area, and calculates the free water depth of VLCC under different navigation speed and different natural conditions. The calculation model is verified by the simulation test of the full-mission large ship maneuvering simulator, and combined with the characteristics of the natural conditions in the Bohai Sea area, The residual water depth control and draught limitation standards of VLCC in different seasons in Bohai Sea are put forward. The main contents of this paper are as follows:. 1) according to the concept of ship surplus water depth, from the point of view of ship type characteristics, maneuverability characteristics and natural environment characteristics of VLCC, the main factors influencing the determination of VLCC surplus water depth in Bohai Sea area are analyzed. The model of VLCC residual water depth and its influencing factors in Bohai Sea area is constructed. (2) to compare and analyze the shortage of calculation methods of ship sinking and surplus water depth at present at home and abroad, and establish the VLCC subsidence and surplus water depth calculation model in Bohai Sea area by numerical simulation and model test; According to the relationship between the VLCC speed and the variation of the sinking quantity and the rich water depth, the VLCC maximum speed calculation model in the Bohai Sea area is constructed. Using the full-mission large ship handling simulator to simulate the navigation process of VLCC in the deep water route of Bohai Sea, the residual water depth and draught variation of VLCC under different speeds and natural conditions are calculated. The experimental results are compared with the calculated results of the calculation model, and the VLCC residual depth calculation model in Bohai Sea area is verified. 4) according to the results of simulation test and calculation model, combined with the natural environment characteristics of Bohai Sea area, the residual water depth control and draught limitation standard of VLCC in Bohai Sea area in different seasons are put forward. The study of the excess water depth of VLCC in Bohai Sea area can not only guarantee the safe navigation of VLCC and improve the loading efficiency of VLCC, but also enrich the operation theory of super large ships such as VLCC.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：U698

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