本文選題：撞擊　切入點(diǎn)：偏航角　出處：《中國民航大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：彈靶撞擊問題在民航安全領(lǐng)域有著廣泛應(yīng)用,研究靶體在遭受外來物撞擊下的抗侵徹特性具有明顯的工程應(yīng)用價(jià)值,但目前國內(nèi)外關(guān)于彈靶撞擊的研究大多集中于正撞擊方面,很少考慮到彈體傾角和偏航角對(duì)撞擊結(jié)果的影響。因此,本文以單層2A12鋁合金薄靶為研究對(duì)象,研究靶體在高強(qiáng)度平頭彈體偏航斜撞擊下的抗侵徹特性,分析了各個(gè)因素對(duì)彈體侵徹性能的影響。主要工作如下:首先,簡要地介紹了國內(nèi)外關(guān)于偏航斜撞擊的研究情況。結(jié)果表明:彈體的著靶姿態(tài)能夠顯著影響到彈體的侵徹性能和靶體的損傷形式,但與正撞擊相比,國內(nèi)外關(guān)于偏航撞擊和斜撞擊的研究急需得到補(bǔ)充和完善,針對(duì)這一問題,提出了本文的研究思路。其次,利用有限元軟件ABAQUS建立彈靶撞擊的仿真模型,同時(shí)利用一級(jí)輕氣炮進(jìn)行正撞擊的驗(yàn)證性實(shí)驗(yàn),對(duì)比撞擊后的彈道極限、剩余速度和靶體損傷情況,發(fā)現(xiàn)仿真所得彈道極限僅比實(shí)驗(yàn)低3.42%,同時(shí)靶體損傷情況符合較好,驗(yàn)證了仿真模型的有效性;再次,分別對(duì)靶體在斜撞擊和偏航撞擊下的抗侵徹特性進(jìn)行研究。分析了彈道極限的變化規(guī)律并構(gòu)造經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式進(jìn)行定量表達(dá)。研究表明,隨著初始傾角和偏航角的增加,彈道極限出現(xiàn)先降低后升高的變化趨勢,在初始傾角或初始偏航角處于15°~30°之間時(shí),彈道極限達(dá)到最低。針對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象,從靶體的失效模式和彈體的運(yùn)動(dòng)穩(wěn)定性等角度進(jìn)行分析;最后,對(duì)靶體在偏航斜撞擊下的抗侵徹特性進(jìn)行研究,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),著靶姿態(tài)和初始速度均能夠?qū)Π畜w抗侵徹性能造成顯著影響,當(dāng)彈體初始軌跡角為-20°時(shí),靶體的彈道極限達(dá)到最低,而當(dāng)彈體初始軌跡角為0°時(shí),靶體的彈道極限則達(dá)到最高,針對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象,從靶體的失效模式和彈體的運(yùn)動(dòng)穩(wěn)定性等角度進(jìn)行分析,揭示了混合撞擊形式下的彈靶變化規(guī)律。本論文對(duì)鋁合金薄靶在不同撞擊條件下的抗侵徹特性進(jìn)行了較為系統(tǒng)性的研究,分析了各個(gè)因素對(duì)撞擊結(jié)果的影響效果。研究結(jié)果可為優(yōu)化靶板安裝方式,提高靶體抗侵徹特性提供參考和依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The target impact problem is widely used in the field of civil aviation safety. The research on the penetration resistance of the target body under the impact of foreign objects has obvious engineering application value. However, most of the research on the target impact at home and abroad is focused on the positive impact at present. The influence of inclination angle and yaw angle of projectile on the impact results is seldom considered. Therefore, the penetration resistance of single layer 2A12 aluminum alloy thin target under oblique impact of high-strength flat-headed projectile is studied in this paper. The influence of various factors on the penetration performance of projectile is analyzed. The main work is as follows: first, This paper briefly introduces the research situation of yaw oblique impact at home and abroad. The results show that the target attitude of the projectile can significantly affect the penetration performance and the damage form of the projectile, but compared with the positive impact, The research on yaw impact and oblique impact is urgently needed to be supplemented and perfected at home and abroad. Aiming at this problem, the paper puts forward the research idea of this paper. Secondly, the simulation model of projectile target impact is established by using finite element software ABAQUS. At the same time, the verification experiment of positive impact was carried out by using the first class light gas gun. By comparing the ballistic limit, residual velocity and target damage after the impact, it was found that the ballistic limit obtained by simulation was only 3.42 lower than that of the experiment, and the damage of the target was in good agreement. The effectiveness of the simulation model is verified. Thirdly, the anti-penetration characteristics of the target under oblique impact and yaw impact are studied respectively. The variation law of ballistic limit is analyzed and empirical formulas are constructed for quantitative expression. With the increase of initial inclination angle and yaw angle, the ballistic limit decreases first and then increases. When the initial inclination angle or initial yaw angle is between 15 擄and 30 擄, the ballistic limit reaches the lowest. The failure mode of the target and the motion stability of the projectile are analyzed. Finally, the anti-penetration characteristics of the target under oblique yaw impact are studied, and the results show that, Both the landing attitude and the initial velocity can significantly affect the penetration resistance of the target. When the initial trajectory angle of the projectile is -20 擄, the ballistic limit of the target reaches the lowest, and when the initial trajectory angle of the projectile is 0 擄, the ballistic limit of the target reaches the highest. In view of this phenomenon, the failure mode of the target and the motion stability of the projectile are analyzed. In this paper, the penetration resistance of aluminum alloy thin targets under different impact conditions is systematically studied. The effects of various factors on the impact results are analyzed. The results can provide a reference and basis for optimizing the installation mode of the target plate and improving the penetration resistance of the target body.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國民航大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TJ410;V328

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