本文選題：高速鐵路　切入點(diǎn)：聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：安全是鐵路運(yùn)輸永恒的主題。截至2012年末,我國(guó)的高速鐵路運(yùn)營(yíng)里程已達(dá)到9300多公里,成為世界上高速鐵路運(yùn)營(yíng)里程最長(zhǎng)的國(guó)家。在高速鐵路運(yùn)營(yíng)里程不斷增長(zhǎng)的今天,安全更是高速鐵路的重要關(guān)注點(diǎn)。 高速鐵路的建設(shè)是一個(gè)龐大的、復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)工程。在高速鐵路運(yùn)營(yíng)前,一般都要對(duì)高速鐵路各子系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行調(diào)試和檢測(cè),并測(cè)試各子系統(tǒng)之間的接口,使各系統(tǒng)的整體系統(tǒng)性能和功能達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)要求,此即聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試。高速鐵路聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試過(guò)程中,確保試驗(yàn)的安全是核心任務(wù)。 本文是在本人親身參與為期四個(gè)月的高速鐵路聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試的全部過(guò)程后,在了解國(guó)內(nèi)外的研究狀況并結(jié)合現(xiàn)場(chǎng)保證聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試行車(chē)安全的經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,從中提取和分析了聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試行車(chē)安全的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié),將關(guān)鍵關(guān)節(jié)引申進(jìn)而提出聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試行車(chē)安全事故的三種形態(tài),并對(duì)三種事故形態(tài)進(jìn)行分析和歸納。應(yīng)用了設(shè)備與人員操作能力匹配、耗散結(jié)構(gòu)理論熵流模型來(lái)對(duì)引起事故的因素及其關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)合安全評(píng)價(jià)的“人-機(jī)-管-環(huán)”四方面,將高速鐵路聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試行車(chē)安全的影響因素劃分為六個(gè)單元,特別引入HAZOP分析法,對(duì)各項(xiàng)因素進(jìn)行產(chǎn)生原因和導(dǎo)致后果的分析,提出預(yù)防安全的改進(jìn)措施和建議,建立了高速鐵路聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試行車(chē)安全的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系。 本文通過(guò)比較模糊評(píng)價(jià)、主成分分析、層次分析法等六種評(píng)價(jià)方法后,根據(jù)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)具有層次性的特點(diǎn),采用了層次分析法對(duì)高速鐵路聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試行車(chē)安全指標(biāo)體系確定權(quán)重系數(shù),并分別對(duì)各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行層次排序。依據(jù)高速鐵路聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試的行車(chē)安全的指標(biāo)具有不確定性的特點(diǎn),選用基于灰色理論的綜合評(píng)價(jià)評(píng)價(jià)模型,對(duì)高速鐵路聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試行車(chē)安全采用白化權(quán)函數(shù)對(duì)其進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)價(jià),得出評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果。最后以實(shí)際的高速鐵路線為算例,邀請(qǐng)專(zhuān)家打分,并應(yīng)用研究的綜合評(píng)價(jià)模型評(píng)價(jià)該條高速鐵路聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試的行車(chē)安全的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。根據(jù)得出的評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果,對(duì)影響該條高鐵聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試行車(chē)安全的因素提出改進(jìn)措施和建議。 本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)主要有以下四個(gè)方面： (1)根據(jù)親身參與聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試的全過(guò)程,借助在實(shí)際過(guò)程中積累的經(jīng)驗(yàn),對(duì)聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試行車(chē)安全的各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行總結(jié)和歸納,并提出影響聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試行車(chē)安全的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。 (2)針對(duì)影響聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試行車(chē)安全的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)因素和事故形態(tài)進(jìn)行分析,并結(jié)合關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)和事故形態(tài)的的分析,建立行車(chē)安全的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系。 (3)針對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的特性,參照了國(guó)內(nèi)外的評(píng)價(jià)方法,提出了指標(biāo)計(jì)算和評(píng)價(jià)的模型。 (4)設(shè)計(jì)了針對(duì)關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)和事故形態(tài)的評(píng)價(jià)方法,并計(jì)算出評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果,形成了基于結(jié)果為導(dǎo)向的分析思路,對(duì)聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試的行車(chē)安全提供改進(jìn)的措施和建議,確保聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試行車(chē)關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)的安全。以此為基礎(chǔ),可以延伸到聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試的各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),以保證聯(lián)調(diào)聯(lián)試整體過(guò)程的安全。
[Abstract]:Safety is the eternal theme of railway transportation. As of end of 2012, China's high-speed railway mileage has reached more than 9300 kilometers, becoming the world's longest high-speed railway mileage. Safety is an important concern of high-speed railway. The construction of high-speed railway is a huge and complicated system engineering. Before the high-speed railway operation, it is necessary to debug and test the subsystems of the high-speed railway, and test the interface between the subsystems. It is the key task to ensure the safety of the test in the process of high speed railway connection test, which makes the performance and function of the whole system meet the design requirements. This paper is based on my personal participation in the whole process of the high-speed railway joint dispatching test for four months, on the basis of understanding the research situation at home and abroad, and combining with the experience of ensuring the safety of the joint dispatching test operation on the spot. This paper extracts and analyzes the key links of the safety of the combined dispatching test train, and then extends the key joints and puts forward three forms of the safety accidents of the combined dispatching test trains. And three kinds of accident patterns are analyzed and summarized. The matching of equipment and personnel operation ability is applied. The theoretical entropy flow model of dissipative structure is used to analyze the factors causing accidents and their correlation relations. Combined with the four aspects of safety evaluation, such as "man-machine-tube-loop", the factors affecting the safety of high-speed railway connection and dispatching test operation are divided into six units. In particular, the HAZOP analysis method is introduced to analyze the causes and consequences of various factors, to put forward the improvement measures and suggestions for the prevention of safety, and to establish the evaluation index system of the safety of the high-speed railway combined with the test operation. This paper compares six evaluation methods, such as fuzzy evaluation, principal component analysis and analytic hierarchy process, according to the hierarchical characteristics of the evaluation index. In this paper, AHP is used to determine the weight coefficient of the safety index system of high-speed railway combined dispatching test, and each index is ranked in hierarchy order. According to the characteristics of uncertainty in the driving safety index of the high-speed railway joint dispatching test, the method of AHP is used to determine the weight coefficient of the safety index system of the combined dispatching test of high-speed railway. The comprehensive evaluation model based on grey theory is selected to evaluate the safety of the combined dispatching test operation of high-speed railway with whitening weight function, and the evaluation results are obtained. Finally, taking the actual high-speed railway line as an example, experts are invited to mark it. According to the evaluation results, the improvement measures and suggestions are put forward for the factors that affect the safety of the high-speed railway combined dispatching test. The innovations of this paper are as follows:. 1) according to the whole process of participating in the combined dispatching test personally and with the help of the experience accumulated in the actual process, this paper sums up and induces the various links of the safety of the dispatching test train, and puts forward the key links that affect the safety of the combined dispatching test train. (2) to analyze the key factors and accident patterns that affect the safety of the combined dispatching test train, and to establish the evaluation index system of the traffic safety by combining the analysis of the key links and the accident patterns. 3) according to the characteristics of evaluation index and referring to the evaluation methods at home and abroad, the model of index calculation and evaluation is put forward. (4) the evaluation method for key links and accident forms is designed, and the evaluation results are calculated, and the result-based analysis ideas are formed to provide the measures and suggestions for improving the driving safety of the dispatching test. On the basis of this, it can be extended to every link of the joint test, in order to ensure the safety of the whole process of the joint test.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U298.1

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