本文關鍵詞： 突出危險煤層群 卸壓瓦斯抽采 指標體系 可靠性　出處：《中國礦業(yè)大學》2013年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：針對我國瓦斯動力災害事故的嚴重性和近年來保護層開采與卸壓瓦斯抽采技術發(fā)展趨勢，本文以巖體力學、彈性力學等基礎理論為指導，以數(shù)值模擬、現(xiàn)場考察等方法為途徑，對煤層群條件下保護層開采后其上覆和下伏煤巖體應力分布規(guī)律、裂隙發(fā)育演化過程展開了較為全面的理論研究。在理論研究的基礎上，對當前卸壓瓦斯抽采方法進行了總結優(yōu)化，構建了保護層開采及卸壓瓦斯抽采技術的評價指標體系，，同時對保護層開采及卸壓瓦斯抽采技術的可靠性和過程控制技術進行了初步研究。論文的研究內容對煤層群條件下保護層開采及卸壓瓦斯抽采技術的實際運用有重要理論指導意義。 論文研究了不同保護層層位條件下，頂?shù)装鍑鷰r應力與圍巖移動變形隨開采長度及層間距的變化規(guī)律。在理論研究的基礎上，結合卸壓瓦斯抽采技術的發(fā)展和應用實例，分析各瓦斯抽采模式具體應用下的基本煤層地質條件、卸壓瓦斯抽采效果及開采驗證情況，優(yōu)化了瓦斯抽采方法和工藝參數(shù)，總結獲得各抽采模式的適用條件，為瓦斯治理工程的總體設計規(guī)劃提供例證和參考。 基于保護層開采及卸壓瓦斯抽采技術工藝流程特點，對方案設計、瓦斯抽采、效果檢驗和效果驗證四個環(huán)節(jié)，提出了“基本指標”、“瓦斯抽采參數(shù)設計指標”、“保護范圍劃定指標”、“卸壓增透效果指標”、“瓦斯抽采效果指標”、“效果檢驗指標”和“效果驗證指標”7個一級指標，其下又涵蓋了20個二級指標。在大量現(xiàn)場統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)的基礎上，確立了相應的指標臨界值，構建了保護層開采指標體系，為保護層開采及卸壓瓦斯抽采的設計、瓦斯抽采、效果評價、保護范圍的劃定、可靠性評價和防突過程控制提供了科學依據(jù)。 創(chuàng)新性的將可靠性理論引入保護層開采技術應用中，歸納了七類影響保護層開采技術可靠性的主要因素，提出相應的評價指標，建立了由目標層，準則層和子準則層構成的可靠性評價體系�；趯哟畏治龇ɑ纠碚摚ㄟ^構造判斷矩陣計算各層次指標重要性權重的方法。并將計算結果，按其對可靠性影響的重要度分為“重要”（權重值≥0.06）、“較重要”（0.03≤權重值＜0.06）和“一般”（權重值＜0.03）三個層次。其中，“被保護層瓦斯抽采設計”、“卸壓瓦斯抽采程度”、“煤柱留設”、“未保護區(qū)管理”和“防突過程控制”5項指標屬于“重要”指標，可對提高保護層開采技術的可靠性產生直接影響，需特別關注。 最后以現(xiàn)有煤礦瓦斯治理模式特點為基礎，引入過程控制的概念，構建了煤礦瓦斯治理總過程模型及典型子過程模型，提出瓦斯治理過程各參數(shù)的跟蹤控制方法，并將瓦斯治理過程控制智能系統(tǒng)應用于祁南煤礦的713工作面掘進過程中的過程控制，取得了較好的效果，初步實現(xiàn)了瓦斯治理過程的規(guī)范化和程序化。
[Abstract]:In view of the severity of gas dynamic disasters in China and the development trend of protective layer mining and pressure relief gas extraction technology in recent years, this paper is guided by the basic theories of rock mechanics, elastic mechanics, numerical simulation, field investigation and so on. In this paper, the stress distribution law of overlying and underlying coal and rock mass and the process of fracture development and evolution under the condition of coal seam group mining are studied in a more comprehensive way. This paper summarizes and optimizes the current method of unpressurized gas extraction, and constructs the evaluation index system of protective layer mining and pressure relief gas drainage technology. At the same time, the reliability and process control technology of protective layer mining and pressure-relief gas drainage technology are studied preliminarily. The practical application of protective layer mining and pressure-relief gas drainage technology under the condition of coal seam group is discussed in this paper. Important theoretical guidance significance. In this paper, the variation of surrounding rock stress and surrounding rock movement and deformation with mining length and interval under different protection layers is studied. On the basis of theoretical research, the development and application of pressure relief gas extraction technology are discussed. This paper analyzes the basic coal seam geological conditions under the specific application of each gas drainage mode, the effect of gas extraction under pressure relief and the mining verification, optimizes the gas drainage methods and technological parameters, and summarizes the applicable conditions of each drainage mode. To provide examples and references for the overall design planning of gas control project. Based on the technical process characteristics of protective layer mining and pressure relief gas extraction, four links, including scheme design, gas drainage, effect test and effect verification, are introduced. The paper puts forward seven first class indexes such as "basic index", "parameter design index of gas drainage", "index of delineation of protection scope", "index of anti-permeability effect of pressure relief", "index of effect of gas drainage", "index of effect test" and "index of effect verification". On the basis of a large number of field statistical data, the critical value of relevant indexes is established, and the index system of protective layer mining is constructed, which is used for the design of protective layer mining and pressure-relief gas drainage. Evaluation of effect, delineation of protection range, reliability evaluation and control of anti-outburst process provide scientific basis. This paper introduces the reliability theory into the application of protective layer mining technology, sums up seven kinds of main factors that affect the reliability of protective layer mining technology, puts forward the corresponding evaluation index, and establishes the target layer. Based on the basic theory of Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the method of calculating the importance weight of indexes at each level by constructing judgment matrix is presented. According to the importance degree of its influence on reliability, it can be divided into three levels: "important" (weight value 鈮

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