本文關(guān)鍵詞： 項(xiàng)目開車 TCS 6西格瑪 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估矩陣　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代社會(huì)和工業(yè)的發(fā)展,項(xiàng)目管理的應(yīng)用已經(jīng)衍生到各行各業(yè),而作為現(xiàn)代工程項(xiàng)目管理中最重要的目標(biāo)之一的質(zhì)量管理,正越來越受到人們的重視,在現(xiàn)代項(xiàng)目管理中起到越來越重要的作用,一個(gè)好的項(xiàng)目的最終目標(biāo)是具有較高的使用價(jià)值,能夠產(chǎn)生效益和創(chuàng)造價(jià)值,同時(shí)能夠確保項(xiàng)目在使用階段對(duì)人員和社會(huì),環(huán)境的安全[22]。那么對(duì)項(xiàng)目質(zhì)量管理的要求就顯得尤為重要。特別是在對(duì)化工項(xiàng)目的質(zhì)量要求,由于化工項(xiàng)目的特殊性和危險(xiǎn)性,因此對(duì)化工項(xiàng)目的質(zhì)量要求就顯得尤為重要。另外,根據(jù)化工項(xiàng)目各個(gè)階段不同的特點(diǎn)和危險(xiǎn)性,我們認(rèn)識(shí)到,在化工項(xiàng)目調(diào)試和開車階段,是危險(xiǎn)性最高,最容易出現(xiàn)問題,發(fā)生事故的階段,因此,在這個(gè)階段的質(zhì)量安全管理,關(guān)系到該化工項(xiàng)目能否正常的運(yùn)營(yíng),是否會(huì)對(duì)人民生命,財(cái)產(chǎn)和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定產(chǎn)生危害。 在一般的化工項(xiàng)目的調(diào)試和開車階段的質(zhì)量管理中,我們通常只是在項(xiàng)目移交階段根據(jù)原始設(shè)計(jì),對(duì)比現(xiàn)場(chǎng)和設(shè)計(jì)的異同,以及操作的適用性等方面提出整改意見；在項(xiàng)目調(diào)試和開車階段,對(duì)各個(gè)不同的子系統(tǒng),進(jìn)行設(shè)備,儀表,管道等等的檢查,動(dòng)設(shè)備的測(cè)試等等；對(duì)不同階段,進(jìn)行管道的吹掃,控制系統(tǒng)的測(cè)試,化學(xué)物料的引進(jìn),試運(yùn)行和較高負(fù)荷的運(yùn)行等等。直至項(xiàng)目的商業(yè)運(yùn)行。但是基于化工項(xiàng)目的特殊性和危險(xiǎn)性,試車階段的質(zhì)量安全管理不能完全杜絕試車階段,尤其在引進(jìn)化學(xué)品以后所面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；同時(shí)對(duì)試車人員的技術(shù),能力,對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的認(rèn)識(shí)和控制能力提出了了極高的要求。針對(duì)這種情況,結(jié)合筆者在張家港市某外資3萬噸級(jí)氯硅烷項(xiàng)目試車階段的學(xué)習(xí),工作,提出對(duì)化工項(xiàng)目在調(diào)試,開車階段的新的質(zhì)量管理和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制措施：基于六西格瑪?shù)姆椒?通過風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制矩陣(Risk Management Matrix),完成對(duì)3萬噸級(jí)化工項(xiàng)目的質(zhì)量管理和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制,確保整個(gè)調(diào)試和開車階段的安全和有效。 本文首先闡述了六西格瑪方法的基本理論基礎(chǔ),以及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制矩陣的基本組成,并根據(jù)這兩種方法的特點(diǎn),對(duì)化工項(xiàng)目(TCS)在調(diào)試,開車階段進(jìn)行全面和系統(tǒng)的管理,同時(shí)在調(diào)試中,對(duì)各個(gè)子系統(tǒng)和各個(gè)不同階段,按照設(shè)計(jì)階段的PHR(Process Hazardous Review)和Hazop(Hazardous Operation)的要求,進(jìn)行全面的檢查,測(cè)試,找出設(shè)計(jì)和施工中存在的問題,加以改進(jìn)；同時(shí)對(duì)不同階段—設(shè)備堅(jiān)查,吹掃,進(jìn)化學(xué)物料,試運(yùn)行和較高負(fù)荷運(yùn)行,進(jìn)行全面的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估和控制。通過“人,機(jī),料,法,環(huán)”[3]五個(gè)方面的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估以及控制,以此降低在調(diào)試和開車階段的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),消除發(fā)生事故的隱患。提高開車的穩(wěn)定性和可靠性。
[Abstract]:With the development of modern society and industry, the application of project management has been extended to various industries, and as one of the most important objectives of modern engineering project management, quality management has been paid more and more attention. In modern project management, the ultimate goal of a good project is to have a higher use value, to generate benefits and create value, while ensuring that the project in the use of personnel and society, Environmental safety [22]. The requirements for project quality management are particularly important, especially for the quality requirements of chemical projects, due to the particularity and danger of chemical projects, Therefore, the quality requirements of chemical projects are particularly important. In addition, according to the different characteristics and risks of each stage of chemical projects, we realize that in the phase of commissioning and starting up of chemical projects, it is the most dangerous and the most prone to problems. Therefore, the quality and safety management in this stage is related to the normal operation of the chemical project, whether it will endanger people's life, property and social stability. In the general commissioning of chemical projects and the quality management of start-up stage, we usually only put forward some suggestions in terms of original design, contrasting the similarities and differences between site and design, as well as the applicability of operation in the phase of project transfer. In the commissioning and start-up phase of the project, the various subsystems, equipment, instrumentation, pipeline and so on are inspected, the dynamic equipment is tested, and so on; at different stages, the pipeline is blown, the control system is tested, and the chemical materials are imported, Test run and high load operation etc. Until the commercial operation of the project. But based on the particularity and danger of the chemical project, the quality and safety management of the test run phase can not completely eliminate the test run stage, Especially the risks faced after the introduction of chemicals, and the very high requirements for the technology, ability, risk awareness and control ability of the test operators. Combined with the author's study and work in the trial run stage of a foreign investment project of 30,000 tons of chlorosilane in Zhangjiagang City, a new quality control and risk control measure for the chemical project in commissioning and starting stage is put forward: based on the six Sigma method, Through risk Management Matrix control matrix, the quality management and risk control of 30,000 dwt chemical projects are completed to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the whole debugging and starting stage. In this paper, the basic theoretical basis of the six Sigma method and the basic composition of the risk control matrix are described. According to the characteristics of these two methods, the comprehensive and systematic management of the chemical project TCSs is carried out in the debugging and starting stage. At the same time, according to the requirements of PHR(Process Hazardous Review and Hazop(Hazardous Operation in the design stage, we carry out a comprehensive inspection, test, find out the problems in design and construction, and improve the design and construction. At the same time, comprehensive risk assessment and control are carried out on different stages-equipment hard inspection, purge, chemical material entry, trial operation and higher load operation. Through "person, machine, material, method, ring" [3], risk assessment and control are carried out. In order to reduce the risk in the debugging and starting stage, eliminate the hidden trouble of accidents, and improve the stability and reliability of driving.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TQ086

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